共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
河口底层浮泥异重流的运动特性对于河口维持以及港口航道泥沙淤积过程具有重要的作用, 是海岸学科研究的关键内容, 也是热点内容之一. 本文首先综述了河口泥沙异重流研究的重要意义, 分析并总结了各家异重流理论模型的不同点和适应条件; 其次, 根据本文研究问题的实际需要, 构建了波浪与底泥相互作用的双层流体理论分析模式, 将上层流体简化为常见的牛顿体, 而将下层流体的流变关系设置为幂律函数, 研究了波浪作用下河口底部幂律异重流的流场特性. 这些特性包括:波浪速度场、底泥运动的流速场、不同密度影响下的压力场以及异重流泥面波与表面 波的波幅比等, 分析了泥层密度、波动圆频率以及底泥幂律指数对流场及界面波的影响. 研究发现, 在波浪扰动下, 两层流体交界处速度分量连续, 压强出现突变. 在下部泥层中, 水平速度幅值曲线存在极大值. 随着波动圆频率增加以及泥层密度与流动指数的减小, 界面处上下压强差值呈现增大的趋势. 本模型与实测波幅比的数据进行对比结果证实了模型的合理性. 相似文献
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在海洋水域,界面波对大尺度变化流的作用是一种典型的分层流动现象.考虑一不可压缩、无黏的分层势流运动,建立了一个在非平整运动海底上的n层流体演化系统,并对其进行了Hamilton描述.每层流体具有各自的常密度、均匀流水平速度,其厚度由未扰动和扰动部分构成.相对于顶层流体的自由表面,刚性、运动的海底具有一般地形变化特征.在明确指出n层流体运动的控制方程和各层交界面上的运动学、动力学边界条件(包含各层交界面上张力效应)后,对该分层流动力系统进行了Hamilton构造,即给出其正则方程和其下述的正则变量:各交界面位移和各交界面上的动量势密度差。 相似文献
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结合近岸波浪抛物型缓坡模型和近岸波流场模型,对近岸不规则波浪及其破碎后所产生的流场进行了数值模拟. 在不规则波浪场的模拟中,采用JONSWAP波浪谱对入射单向不规则波浪要素按等分频率法进行离散,应用考虑波浪不规则性和破碎效应的抛物型缓坡方程对波浪场进行数值模拟,并基于抛物型缓坡方程中的波浪势函数等参数计算波浪辐射应力,以波浪辐射应力为主要动力因素基于近岸流数学模型对近岸波浪破碎所产生的近岸流场进行数值模拟,并对数值模拟结果进行了验证. 模拟结果表明该模型可有效地用于研究波浪破碎产生的近岸波流场. 相似文献
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三参量固体模型粘弹性输液管道的动力特性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
推导了三参量固体模型粘弹性输流管道的振动微分方程,计算了在不同无量纲松弛系数和弹性常数比下管道的无量纲临界流速和无量纲自振复频率,并给出了前三阶复频率与流速的关系。计算结果表明,质量比,无量纲松弛系数及无量纲弹性常数比对输流管道的动力特性均有影响。 相似文献
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旋转流场中的流体流动比较复杂,特别是在高转速、微尺度工况时,流场中的流体流态及其判断方法缺乏完备的理论模型.选择干气密封作为高速旋转流场的研究对象,以开启力和泄漏量作为宏观特性表征指标参数,选择剪切(周向)、径向及轴向速度分量对速度流场进行介观表述,通过Fluent软件仿真计算大跨距转速(低转速至超高转速)时的宏观、介观指标参数,研究密封性能指标参数与速度场间的内在逻辑关系.结果表明:低速旋转流场中的轴向速度分量较小,可忽略不计,转速升高会促使轴向速度分量持续增大,当转速持续增大并超过某一临界值时,轴向速度分量会出现迅速升高的情形;轴向速度分量的变化情形与微尺度流场(开启力和泄漏量)波动密切相关,是影响旋转流场流态的关键性指标参数,也是引起宏观流场特性变化的主要因素;径向速度分量的变化情形与微尺度流场泄漏量的变化规律基本一致,随着转速的增大,泄漏量的宏观性能反馈要早于开启力波动的出现.基于以上研究,同时根据管道雷诺数、流量因子判定模型及流体力学基本理论,尝试提出了基于三维速度分量的针对旋转流场流态的椭球判定模型. 相似文献
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针对蜂窝密封的转子动力学特性分析,本文由双控制体模型入手,建立相应的控制方程,将其无量纲化,并通过摄动分析分解为零阶及一阶无量纲方程。通过零阶方程求得定常流场,确定流场是否发生阻塞现象,继而求解一阶方程得到密封的动力特性系数。本文的双控制体模型在蜂窝密封静子和转子表面采用Blasius模型的摩擦系数,且舍弃转子轴心传统的圆轨迹小扰动假设,直接设定为椭圆轨迹小扰动,加之矩阵形式的表达,得到了更为清晰的模型及更为简洁的算法。随后与实验结果相比较,验证模型及计算结果的准确性,并比较一般气体密封的计算结果,体现蜂窝密封在稳定性方面的优越性。最后分析了几种密封参数对其动力特性的影响,揭示某些规律并给出一些建议。 相似文献
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相间传质在科学、工程和技术领域广泛存在。为了研究静态和动态情况下不混溶两相之间的相间传质过程,本文将连续组分传输模型与相场格子玻尔兹曼方法结合,构建了一个适用于模拟具有大密度比两相流系统相间传质过程的格子Boltzmann多相模型。该模型通过在碰撞过程引入源项和相界面处引入传质通量,保证相界面上的通量连续性。随后通过模拟静止相界面传质问题和毛细管驱替与传质过程验证了传质模型的正确性。和现有模型相比,本文提出的模型在模拟相间传质过程中可以保证相界面传质通量具有较高的精度。随后,本文模拟了多孔介质内相间传质过程,并对多孔介质内两相传质通量的变化原因和影响因素进行深入研究。研究结果表明,根据相界面传质通量的变化可以将多孔介质中相间传质过程划分为两个阶段。第一阶段相界面总传质通量随界面处浓度梯度迅速减小;第二阶段的总传质通量曲线与单位相界面速度曲线的变化趋势高度一致。 相似文献
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水库浮泥是存在于水库底部的一层高含沙水体, 具有较强流动性, 研究其运动规律对实现水库减淤优化调度具有重要意义. 为了更准确地掌握浮泥输移规律, 不仅需要掌握浮泥内部的流速分布特性, 还需明确不同因素对浮泥运动过程中流速和厚度变化的影响. 因此选择幂律模型作为浮泥的流变模型, 基于纳维-斯托克斯(N-S)方程, 采用摄动法简化构建了浮泥运动模型, 在空间上使用交错网格的有限体积法, 时间上使用二阶龙格库塔方法, 并在数值求解的过程中引入流速分布参数, 通过牛顿迭代法对参数进行修正, 使得模型能反映浮泥内部的流速分布形态. 开展浮泥缓坡流动试验验证模型, 证明了建立模型能合理描述浮泥的运动过程; 分析了底面坡度、浮泥密度和黏性系数等参数对浮泥流动特性的影响作用. 结果表明, 浮泥密度增大, 会降低流动性, 减少沿程厚度变化; 底面坡度增大, 浮泥流速显著增大, 且厚度分布形态会发生显著改变; 黏性系数增大将导致浮泥流速减小且运动结束时间缩短, 同时也削弱浮泥流动性. 相似文献
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T.HAYAT M.JAVED 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》2010,31(10):1231-1240
Effects of compliant wall properties on the peristaltic flow of a non-Newtonian fluid in an asymmetric channel are investigated.The rheological characteristics are characterized by the constitutive equations of a power-law fluid.Long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations are adopted in the presentation of mathematical developments.Exact solutions are established for the stream function and velocity.The streamlines pattern and trapping are given due attention.Salient features of the key parameters entering into the present flow are displayed and important conclusions are pointed out. 相似文献
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K. Jin R.K. Agarwal B.G. Thomas 《International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics》2017,31(1):36-56
Newtonian fluid flow in two- and three-dimensional cavities with a moving wall has been studied extensively in a number of previous works. However, relatively a fewer number of studies have considered the motion of non-Newtonian fluids such as shear thinning and shear thickening power law fluids. In this paper, we have simulated the three-dimensional, non-Newtonian flow of a power law fluid in a cubic cavity driven by shear from the top wall. We have used an in-house developed fractional step code, implemented on a Graphics Processor Unit. Three Reynolds numbers have been studied with power law index set to 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. The flow patterns, viscosity distributions and velocity profiles are presented for Reynolds numbers of 100, 400 and 1000. All three Reynolds numbers are found to yield steady state flows. Tabulated values of velocity are given for the nine cases studied, including the Newtonian cases. 相似文献
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周次青 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1988,9(3):295-309
This paper has studied the nonlinear bending of symmetrically layered anisotropic rectangular plates under various supports. The uniformlys valid N-order asymptotic solutions of the deflection and stress function are derived by the singular perturbation methods offered in [1]. The analysis and calculations are given for simply and clamped supported, rectangular plates subjected to combined edge tensions and lateral loading in conjunction with the modified Galerkin procedure (a method of weighted residuals). 相似文献
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Homogeneous heavy fluid flows over an uneven bottom are studied in a long-wave approximation. A mathematical model is proposed
that takes into account both the dispersion effects and the formation of a turbulent upper layer due to the breaking of surface
gravity waves. The asymptotic behavior of nonlinear perturbations at the wave front is studied, and the conditions of transition
from smooth flows to breaking waves are obtained for steady-state supercritical flow over a local obstacle.
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Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 3–11, May–June, 2006. 相似文献
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The dynamics of two-dimensional waves of small but finite amplitude are theoretically studied for the case of a two-layer system bounded by a horizontal top and bottom. It is shown that for relatively large steady-state flow velocities and at certain fluid depth ratios the vertical velocity profile is nonlinear. An evolutionary equation governing the fluid interface disturbances and allowing for the long-wave contributions of the layer inertia and surface tension, the weak nonlinearity of the waves, and the unsteady friction on all the boundaries of the system is derived. Steady-state solutions of the cnoidal and solitary wave type for the disturbed flow are determined without regard for dissipation losses. It is found that the magnitude and the direction of the flow can alter not only the lengths of the waves but also their polarity.__________Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Academii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 1, 2005, pp. 143–158. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Arkhipov and Khabakhpashev. 相似文献
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泥石流是山区主要的地质灾害之一,对山区桥梁破坏严重.在流动过程中,泥石流受到含水量的影响较大,其本构模型会发生变化.本文对泥石流的一种特殊形式——泥流的质量含水量进行分析,将含水量引入泥浆的Herschel-Bulkley模型中,提出质量含水量及剪切速率同时变化下的泥流材料本构模型,并与成都黏土泥浆流变实验对比,验证该模型的正确性.而后基于两相流体的Navier-Stokes方程,将该本构模型应用于三维泥流-桥墩立柱冲击的流固耦合分析中,通过与相关规范及文献冲击压力经验公式计算结果对比,证实了模型的实用性. 相似文献
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The shear-thinning/thickening effects on the plane Couette-Poiseuille flow with a uniform crossflow are studied. The detailed solution procedures for both theo- retical and numerical purposes are given. In order to clarify the difference between the Newtonian flow and the power-law flow, all cases of the plane Couette-Poiseuille flows with uniform crossflows for different power indexes are assigned to the phase diagram in the parameter plane corresponding to the Couette number and the crossflow Reynolds number. The effects of shear-thinning/thickening on the phase diagram are discussed. An important feature of the shear-thinning circumstance distinguished from the shear- thickening circumstance is discovered. 相似文献
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In the paper the wave attenuation in a two layer fluid system is studied. The fluid in the top layer is ideal and that in
the lower layer is the Voigt model of the viscoelastic medium. A dispersion relation is derived and the rate of the wave decay
is computed. The approximate explicit expressions of the decay rate for different water depth are given, where the viscoelasticity
is either very large or very small. Compared with the numerical results, our results are very accurate, which can be used
by an engineer.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and by the Lianyungang Port Office, China 相似文献