Bi3Ti4O12/α-Bi2O3/TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性研究

以工业二氧化钛(TiO2)、五水合硝酸铋(Bi(NO3)3·5H2O)为原料制备了Bi3Ti4O12/α-Bi2O3/TiO2复合光催化剂.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱(PL)等表征方法对光催化剂结构进行分析,表明复合样品中形成了Bi3 Ti4 O12/α-Bi2 O3/TiO2异质结结构,其禁带宽度减小、吸收带边红移,光催化效率有明显提高.以亚甲基蓝为目标污染物评价其光催化活性,TiO2与Bi(NO3)3·5H2O质量比为1:2.5,煅烧温度为600℃,煅烧时间为5 h时,复合样品光催化活性最佳,在12 W LED灯下,180 min后对浓度为10 mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液的去除率达96.8;.     

BiFeO3-Bi24Fe2O39复合物的制备及可见光催化性能研究

以硝酸铁(Fe(NO3)3·9H2O)硝酸铋(Bi(NO3)3·5H2O)为原料,酒石酸作络合剂,聚乙二醇6000作分散剂,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了BiFeO3-Bi24Fe2 O39复合催化剂.用XRD、FT-IR、UV-vis、PL光谱、TG-DSC等对其结构进行了表征.以亚甲基蓝为目标化合物,评价了样品的可见光催化活性.结果表明,500℃煅烧2h的复合催化剂热稳定性好,荧光强度最强,禁带宽度最小,用500 W的长弧氙灯照射6h,亚甲基蓝降解率达到93.11;.     

蛋挞状Bi_2WO_6催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和Na2WO3·2H2O为原料,CTAB为结构导向剂,在混合溶剂热法条件下合成了由纳米片组成的蛋挞状Bi2WO6晶体的新颖结构。采用XRD、FESEM、HRTEM、Raman、BET、UV-DRS等对产品进行表征。结果表明,产物为正交晶系钨铋矿型结构的蛋挞状Bi2WO6晶体,结晶度良好,其直径约为0.5~1μm。相比未添加CTAB制备的片状Bi2WO6颗粒,蛋挞状Bi2WO6样品的拉曼光特征峰、紫外-可见光吸收边发生红移,其能带隙减小至2.48 eV,比表面积增大。可见光催化降解甲基橙溶液的结果表明,蛋挞状Bi2WO6光催化效率高,可见光或太阳光照射15 min、浓度为10 mg·L-1甲基橙溶液的脱色率为100%,COD去除率为98.2%,循环使用5次之后其光催化活性并没有明显降低。     

Ag/ZnO-Bi2O3复合催化剂的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Zn(Ac)2·2H2O、Bi(NO3)3·5H2O、硝酸银为原料,柠檬酸为络合剂,聚乙二醇400与去离子水为溶剂,空气氛下高温煅烧制备了Ag/ZnO-Bi2O3复合催化剂,并采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和紫外-可见光漫反射吸收光谱对产物进行了表征.结果表明,掺杂Ag和Bi2O3显著降低了ZnO的禁带宽度,达到2.93 eV,吸收光谱红移至423 nm处;当原料中Zn∶ Bi∶ Ag元素的摩尔比为1∶0.1∶0.25时,制备的Ag/ZnO-Bi2O3紫外光下催化降解甲基橙溶液性能较佳,降解率可达95;;同时发现复合催化剂与双氧水具有协同效应,可将达到相同降解率时间缩短到2h.     

微波辅助乙二醇铋前驱体法合成手指状的氧化铋晶体及其光催化活性研究

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和乙二醇为原料合成乙二醇铋配合物前驱体,再采用微波加热分解前驱体制得具有手指状结构的β-Bi2O3纳米线.用红外光谱和荧光光谱对前驱体进行了表征,用热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对产物进行了表征.可见光照射下对甲基橙的光催化降解实验表明,手指状纳米氧化铋具有良好的可见光催化性能.     

Bi2O3/g-C3N4/TiO2三元复合物的制备及其可见光催化活性研究

以工业纳米TiO2,三聚氰胺(C3H6 N6)和硝酸铋(Bi(NO3)3·5H2O)为原料,通过高温煅烧制备Bi2O3/g-C3 N4/TiO2三元复合物,采用XRD、XPS、FT-IR、UV-vis、PL光谱等对其结构进行了表征.结果表明g-C3 N4和Bi2O3分散覆盖在TiO2表面,形成具有异质结结构的Bi2O3/g-C3N4/TiO2三元复合物,其带隙降低,对可见光的吸收增强,电子和空穴通过在Bi2O3、g-C3N4和TiO2三者界面间的转移有效延长了光生载流子的寿命,从而提高光催化效率.以亚甲基蓝为目标污染物评价其光催化活性.结果表明,当TiO2与C3H6N6质量比为1∶2.5,Bi(NO3)3·5H2O含量为0.35;,煅烧温度为520℃,煅烧时间为5h时制得的Bi2O3/g-C3 N4/TiO2三元复合物(即0.35Bi/C/T)活性最高,LED灯(12 W)光照180 min后对10mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液降解率达98.1;.     

Bi4Ti3O12/BiOBr复合材料的溶剂热合成及可见光催化性能

采用一步溶剂热法合成了Bi4Ti3O12/BiOBr复合光催化剂,采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、比表面积及孔径测定仪(BET)以及紫外可见漫反射光谱仪(DRS)等对样品的组成、形貌及可见光催化性能等进行了表征,讨论了合成条件对样品光催化活性的影响,探究了光催化反应过程中的活性物种及反应机理.研究结果表明,Bi、Ti、Br的投料比为10∶7∶5、乙二醇为溶剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面活性剂且加入量为0.2g时,合成样品具有较高的光催化活性和较好的循环稳定性.在7 W LED灯照射140 min后,光催化剂对罗丹明B(RhB)的降解率达到85.1;.·O2-与h+在降解过程中起主要作用.     

钒酸铁纳米棒的制备及光吸收性能研究

以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和NH4VO3为原料,采用水热法制备了FeVO4纳米棒。采用X射线衍射(XRD),热重分析(TG),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)及场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对样品的物相组成和微观形貌进行了表征。并采用紫外-可见漫反射测试(UV-vis DRS)测定了样品的光吸收性能,DRS结果显示FeVO4纳米棒具有较宽的紫外-可见光吸收范围,结合Tauc方程计算得出FeVO4纳米棒的光学带隙为2.13 eV。光催化降价甲基橙性能测试显示经90 min紫外灯照射,对甲基橙的降解率为93.6%。     

Bi2MoxW1-xO6固溶体的合成及其对RhB的光催化性能研究

采用一步水热法制得3D花球状Bi2MoxW1-xO6固溶体光催化剂,以X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、N2吸附-脱附、紫外可见漫反射(DRS)等方法进行表征.Bi2Mo0.25W0.75O6样品具有较大比表面积,其吸收边界值拓展为471 nm,促使光生电子-空穴对充分迁移到样品表面,生成·O2-等强氧化基团.在可见光照射下,以RhB为目标降解物考察Bi2 Mox W1-x O6光催化活性.结果表明:当Mo/W摩尔比为1/3,pH=5时,Bi2 Mo0.25 W0.75 O6固溶体表现出优越的光催化活性,反应120 min后对RhB降解率达86.2;,经五次循环仍保持81;以上.     

镧掺杂混晶结构TiO2纳米粉体的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为Ti源,采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓燃法制备了镧掺杂的La-TiO2(简写为LT)纳米粉体.利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FIIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对掺杂型TiO2粉体的晶型结构与颗粒尺寸等进行表征.利用紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-vis)研究了H2O2改性、镧掺杂量以及混晶结构对TiO2纳米粉体降解甲基橙的影响.结果表明:镧掺杂混晶TiO2粉体的光催化活性明显优于未掺杂的锐钛矿TiO2粉体.当La3+掺杂量为0.5;,合成温度为475℃(金红石相含量为26.0;)时,得到的TiO2粉体光催化活性最好.H2O2的加入有助于TiO2光催化剂表面的电子-空穴对生成,提高光催化剂对甲基橙的降解率,当H2O2浓度为6;时,光照3h后,降解率达到了91.97;.     

Triethyl ammonium salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate, [Et3NH]+[(4-MeC6H4O)2PS2]−

Triethyl ammonium Salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate and O,O′-bis(m-tolyl)dithiophosphate have been obtained by reaction of p- and m-cresol, respectively with P₂S₅ in toluene and have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate has been determined. Crystal data: [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻: Monoclinic, P2₁/c, a=15.2441(9) ?, b=10.415(2) ?, c=3.9726(9) ?, β=91.709(7)°, V=2217.5(1) ?⁻³, Z=4.Supplementary materials Additional material available from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC no. 600927 for [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻ comprises the final atomic coordinates for all atoms, thermal parameters, and a complete listing of bond distances and angles. Copies of this information may be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 2EZ, UK (fax: +44-1223-336033; email: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or www:http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).     

First-principles coexistence simulations of supercooled liquid silicon

We perform first-principles coexistence simulations of the low-density and the high-density phases of supercooled liquid silicon and find a negative slope for the coexisting line in the temperature-pressure plane. Electron density maps and electron-localization function plots of the two phases of silicon show marked differences. The calculated differences suggest more localized electrons in the low-density liquid compared to the high-density liquid, coming from an increased population of covalent bonds, which further explain the calculated negative slope in the two phase coexistence regime. This is consistent with the presence of a pseudo-gap in low-density liquid silicon, absent in the high-density liquid which shows a metallic behavior.     

Crystal structures of thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane

Structures of both thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane, ?C₆H₄?CH₂SCH₂?C₆H₁₀?CH₂SCH₂?, have been determined, wherecis andtrans refer to the attachments to the cyclohexane ring. Thecis form crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP2₁/c witha=8.4299(11)Å,b=21.772(2)Å,c=8.9724(13)Å, β=116.574(11)^o, andZ=4. Thetrans isomer packs into the monoclinic space groupP2₁ witha=8.159(16)Å,b=10.185(5)Å,c=9.558(2)Å, β=112.435(18)^o, andZ=2. The cyclohexane ring of thecis isomer is in the chair conformation, while the cyclohexane of thetrans isomer is found in a twisted boat conformation.     

CTAB与SDBS对碳酸锶粒子生长形态调控及机理研究

以表面活性剂CTAB和SDBS为化学添加剂,采用化学共沉淀法对碳酸锶晶体的生长形态进行调控,成功地制备出了实心的树枝状和花瓣为空心的花状碳酸锶粉体,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等分析手段对样品进行了表征;最后重点对化学添加剂可能产生的影响机理进行了初步的探讨.结果表明,CTAB和SDBS在晶体生长的过程中能起到显著的影响作用,两者对粒子分散性能的作用效果相反,而且后者对晶体(013)和(213)晶面表面能降低的贡献明显大于前者.     

Crystal structures of the cis and trans isomers of a tetrathia[3.3.3.3]cyclophane

Both the cis and trans isomers of 3,11,18,26-tetrathiatricyclo[26.2.2.1^5,9.2^13,16.1^20,24] hexatriaconta-5,7,9,20,22,24-hexene have been prepared and structurally characterized. Each of these centrosymmetric tetrathia dimers includes two cyclohexane rings in chair conformations with either 1,4-cis or 1,4-trans bonding and two meta-substituted benzene rings. The cis isomer packs into the monoclinic space group P2₁/a with a = 10.485(3)Å, b = 10.3956(18)Å, c = 14.1343(10)Å, = 105.200(13)°, Z = 2 and refined to an R factor of 0.046. The trans isomer crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 10.7217(12)Å, b = 5.6797(7)Å, c = 25.415(5)Å, = 96.001(12)°, Z = 2 and refined to an R factor of 0.043. In the cis structure each benzene ring faces a cyclohexane ring while in the trans structure the cyclohexane rings face one another.     

Crystal structure of Zn4Na(OH)6SO4Cl·6H2O

The structure of Zn₄Na(OH)₆SO₄Cl·6H₂O, a secondary mineral from Hettstedt, Germany, was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystals are hexagonal,a=8.413(8),c=13.095(24) Å, space group $P\bar 3$ , Z=2. The structure was refined to R=0.0554 and R_w=0.0903 for 970 reflections with I≥3σ(I). The structure can be described as zinc hydroxide layers perpendicular toc, from which sulfates and chlorides extend. The layers are held together by a system of hydrogen bonds involving hexaaquo Na⁺ ions which occupy the interlayer space.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-[2-(6-bromonaphthalenyloxymethyl)]-3-(4-morpholinomethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-thione

Abstract  The title compound, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, a derivative of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters a = 6.8731(3), b = 8.9994(4), c = 15.7099(6) ?, α = 92.779(3)°, β = 130.575(3)°, γ = 107.868(4)°, Z = 2. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the planar naphthyl and morpholine (chair) rings with the planar oxadiazol ring is 50.1(8) and 76.8(6)°, respectively. The planar naphthyl ring is twisted 52.2(5)° with the mean plane of the morpholine ring. A group of four intermolecular close contacts are observed between a bromine atom and hydrogen atoms from the closely packed naphthyl, morpholine and oxy–methyl groups in the unit cell. These molecular interactions in concert with an additional series of π–π stacking interactions that occur between the center of gravity of the two 6-membered rings of the naphthalene group influence the twist angles of each of these three groups. A MOPAC AM1 calculation of the conformation energy of the crystal structure [226.0128(9) kcal] compared to that of the minimum energy structure after geometry optimization [29.9744(1) kcal] reveals a significantly reduced value. The twist angles of the three groups above also change after the AM1 calculation giving support to the influence of both intermolecular C–H···Br short-range interactions and Cg π–π stacking interactions on these angles which therefore play a role in stabilizing crystal packing. Graphical Abstract  Crystal structure of 5-{[(6-bromonaphthalen-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, is reported and its geometric and packing parameters described and compared to a MOPAC computational calculation. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

电沉积法制备ZnO纳米棒阵列及其发光特性

本文以掺F的SnO2导电玻璃为基板,以硝酸锌水溶液为电解液,采用三电极恒电位体系电沉积制备ZnO纳米棒阵列,系统考察了硝酸锌浓度和沉积电位等工艺参数对ZnO纳米棒阵列的微观形貌及其发光性能的影响规律.结果表明,硝酸锌浓度和沉积电位对纳米棒阵列的形貌有显著影响,控制适宜的工艺条件可以制备出直径分布均匀、结晶性好且纯度高的六方纤锌矿ZnO纳米棒阵列.荧光光谱分析表明,电沉积制备出的ZnO纳米棒阵列在385 nm附近有一个强荧光发射峰,且发光性能稳定、对纳米棒阵列微观形貌的细微变化不敏感,使其在发光二极管和激光器等领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

Crystal structure of irisolidone from the flowers of Pueraia lobata

Irisolidone (5,7-dihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyisoflavone) was isolated from the flowers of Pueraia lobata and its crystal structure was examined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of irisolidone is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a = 15.491(9) ?, b = 7.895(4) ?, c = 13.321(7) ?, β = 110.546(9)° and Z = 4. Hydrogen bonding and aromatic π–π stacking assemble the title compound into a three-dimensional networking structure.