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1.
Abstract

This review summarizes the data for over five hundred and fifty six-, seven- and eight-coordinate Cu(II) coordination compounds. The six-coordinate derivatives are mostly distorted tetragonal (elongation along a single C 4 axis). The seven-coordinate derivatives are only penta-gonal-bipyramidal with different degrees of distortion and the eight-coordinate complexes are dodecahedral. The most common ligands are O- and N-donors. There is a trend for the Cu-L distance to increase with covalent radius of the coordinated atom and also increasing coordination number. In general, Cu(II) compounds “prefer” a monoclinic class and are blue or green. Several relationships were found and discussed. The data are compared and discussed with those of four- and five-coordinate Cu(II) compounds.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

Copper is classed as a transition metal both from its physico-chemical properties and its biochemical behavior. This review includes thirty formally copper(III) compounds where crystal structure has been determined. Coordination number four dominates with mostly a square-planar arrangement about the copper(III) atom. Sulfur donor ligands by far prevail. In general the Cu-L bond distance elongated with a decreased oxidation state of copper in the sequence: Cu(III)-L > Cu(II)-L > Cu(I)-L. Examples of distortion isomerism exist.  相似文献   

3.
The crystal structures of tris(2‐methyl­quinolin‐8‐olato‐N,O)­iron(III), [Fe­(C10­H8­NO)3], (I), and aqua­bis(2‐methyl­quinolin‐8‐olato‐N,O)­copper(II), [Cu­(C10­H8NO)2­(H2O)], (II), have been determined. Compound (I) has a distorted octahedral configuration, in which the central Fe atom is coordinated by three N atoms and three O atoms from three 2‐methylquinolin‐8‐olate ligands. The three Fe—O bond distances are in the range 1.934 (2)–1.947 (2) Å, while the three Fe—N bond distances range from 2.204 (2) to 2.405 (2) Å. In compound (II), the central CuII atom and H2O group lie on the crystallographic twofold axis and the coordination geometry of the CuII atom is close to trigonal bipyramidal, with the three O atoms in the basal plane and the two N atoms in apical positions. The Cu—N bond length is 2.018 (5) Å. The Cu—O bond length in the basal positions is 1.991 (4) Å, while the Cu—O bond length in the apical position is 2.273 (6) Å. There is an intermolecular OW—H?O hydrogen bond which links the mol­ecules into a linear chain along the b axis.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract

This review summarizes the data for over nine hundred dimeric Cu(II) coordination compounds. There are several types of the bridges, from which doubly bridges by far prevail. The most common ligands are O? and N? donors. From the stereochemical point of view, a square-pyramidal arrangement with different degrees of distortion about Cu(II), is the most common. Several relationships were found between the Cu-Cu distances and the Cu-L-Cu bridge angle and the type of bridging, between the intra-ligand L-Cu-L ring angles and coordination numbers.  相似文献   

5.
[Cu(L)(NO3)2] (1) and [Cu(L)(H2O)2](SCN)2 (2) [L?=?3,14-diethyl-2,6,13,17-tetraazatricyclo(16.4.0.07,12)docosane] have been prepared and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 100?K. For these constrained macrocycle complexes, copper(II) exists in a tetragonally distorted octahedral environment with the four nitrogen atoms of the macrocyclic ligands and two oxygen atoms from either nitrate or water in axial positions. The macrocyclic ligands in both complexes adopt the most stable trans-III conformation. The Cu–N distances are 2.021(2)–2.047(2)?Å and typical but the axial ligands are weakly coordinating, with Cu–O bond lengths, 2.506(2)?Å for 1 and 2.569(2)?Å for 2, due to the pseudo Jahn–Teller effect. The crystals are stabilized by a 3-D network by intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds that are formed among the secondary nitrogen hydrogen atoms and nitrate in 1, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed by water and thiocyanates in 2. The electronic absorption and IR spectral properties are also discussed.  相似文献   

6.
Abstract

Several dimeric complexes of copper(I) acetate with bidentate phosphine ligands have been synthesized. The solid-state structure of one of these derivatives, dppe(CuO2CCH3)2, where dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, has been determined. The complex is shown to exist in the solid-state as a polymeric chain of dimeric copper(I) units containing a dppe and two acetate ligands, with the dimers being linked together via weaker Cu-O interactions. The Cu-Cu bond length in the dimeric units is considerably longer, at 2.712(2) Å, than that observed in copper(I) acetate of 2.556(2) Å. The use of these derivatives as catalyst precursors for the catalytic decarboxylation of cyanoacetic acid to acetonitrile and carbon dioxide is discussed. Crystal data for dppe(CuO2CCH3)2: space group P2i/n,a = 14.976(6) Å, b = 11.676(3) Å, c = 16.999(6) Å, β = 107.59(3)°, Z = 4, R = 7.33%  相似文献   

7.
Abstract

The crystal structure and the details of the molecular configuration of the violet isomer of (?3 P)2 [(CF3)2 C2 S2] -RuCO were established from three dimensional, single crystal, X-ray diffraction data. This isomer crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group D15 2h-Pbca, in a cell whose dimensions are: a = 22.394(8), b = 19.107(6) and c = 17.480(5)Å. The measured and calculated densities are 1.56(2) and 1.56 gm-cm?3 and z = 8 molecules/ unit cell. The shape of the polyhedron of ligands around the central Ru atom is a square pyramid distorted principally by the fact that the Ru—C bond length is shorter than the four bonds to the nearly equidistant phosphorus and sulfur ligands. The dithiolene sulfur atoms occupy adjacent positions in the basal plane; the two triphenylphosphine ligands occupy a basal plane site and the unique axial position while the carbonyl carbon occupies the fourth basal plane site.

The two Ru—S bond lengths are 2.298(3) and 2.287(3) Å, while the two Ru—P distances are 2.353(3) and 2.274(3) A in length, the latter being the basal plane Ru—P bond. The Ru—C and C—O bond lengths are 1.849(11) and 1.133(11) Å, respectively. The bonds within the triphenylphosphines are normal and the phenyl rings are planar, nearly equilateral hexagons. The dithiolene ligand has C—S and (ethylene C)—(ethylene C) distances of 1.719(10) and 1.358(12) Å, respectively, which conform more closely to values expected from an unsaturated cis-dithiol than a dithioketone. The closest inter or intramolecular contact between the Ru atom and the phenyl hydrogens is 3.08 A, which is about 0.5 Å longer than the sum of van der Waals' radii. When refinement was complete, the unweighted and weighted R(F) factors, for 2386 observed reflections, were 0.060 and 0.055, with an error of fit of 1.16.  相似文献   

8.
Formation of Organosilicon Compounds. LXI. Crystal and Molecular Structure of 1.1.3.3.5.5.7.7-Octamethyl-1.3.5.7-tetrasila-cyclooctane Si4C12H32 Octamethyl-tetrasila-cyclooctan Si4C12H32 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2 with a = 17.807, b = 6.121, c = 10.856 Å, β = 126.09° und 2 molecules in the unit cell. The molecule has a C2-conformation which deviates slightly from C2v symmetry. The mean Si? C bond length is 1.879 ± 0.011 Å. The mean Si? CH2 bond length is greater than the Si? CH3 bond length (1.897(15) Å and 1.861(10) Å respectively).  相似文献   

9.
Abstract

The complexes of Zn(tmtaa) and Zn(tmtaa)L [H2tmtaa = tetramethyldibenzotetraaza[14]-annulene; L = triethylamine, pyridine (Py) and p-dimethylaminopyridine (p-N(CH3)2Py)] were synthesized and characterized by IR, LTV, mass and NMR spectra as well as DSC measurements. The effects of different axial ligands (L) on the spectral properties of the complexes have been studied. The crystal structure of Zn(tmtaa)N(C2H5)3 was determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to a monoclinic system and the space group is P21/n. The cell parameters are a = 11.134(2)A, b = 17.453(4)Å, c= 13.784(3)Å, ? = 106.19(3)°, Z = 4, R1, =0.0336 and wR2= 0.0805 for 4539 independent reflections with I <2σ(I). The zinc(II) is coordinated through four nitrogen atoms of tmtaa and a nitrogen of triethylamine to form a five-coordinate square-pyramidal structure. The average bond length of Zn for the four nitrogens of tmtaa is 2.050(2)Å and for a nitrogen of triethylamine is 2.188(2)Å. The displacement of the zinc to the plane of four nitrogens of tmtaa is 0.563(2)Å.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract

The reactions of a series of arsinic and arsonic acids with hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen selenide have been investigated. The various arsinic acids were found to produce a variety of products, but the reaction was characterized by the reduction of arsenic(V) to arsenic(III), loss of hydroxyl groups bonded to arsenic and, to a lesser degree, the rupture of arsenic-carbon bond(s). Phenylcarboxymethylarsinic acid yielded, on reaction with H2S or H2Se, 1,4-diphenyl-1,4-diarsa-2,3,5-trichalocogenapentanes, where the chalcogen atom is S or Se. Arsonic acids yielded as final products compounds having a range of stoichiometries ranging from RAsS to R-7As2S3. 1,4-Diphenyl-1,4-diarsa-2,3,5-triselenacyclopentane consists of a non-planar, five-membered ring in which the As–C bond distances are 1.962 Å, the As—Se bond distances are 2.388 Å and the Se—Se bond distance is 2.334 Å. The bond distances are very close to those which are expected for single, covalent bonds.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

The title compound [Cu3Br4C28H28N4O2] is a type of polymeric three-centre octahedral-trigonal planar coordination complex. The copper(II) atom located at a centre of symmetry is six-coordinate with two bidentate (N3, O1) ligands of acetone-1-naphthoylhydrazone forming the equatorial plane and two bromine ions in axial positions (Cul-Brl = 2.946(1)Å). The ligands are in trans positions. The Cu(I) atoms are in trigonal planar coordination by two bridging Br? ions (Cu2-Br2 = 2.412(1)Å, Cu2-Br2? = 2.407(2)Å) which connect two Cu(I) atoms and a third bromine ion shared with the octahedral Cu(II) ion (Cu2-Br1 = 2.304(1)Å). The arrangement forms an infinite chain along the b axis.  相似文献   

12.
By the reaction of KCN with Cp2TiCl2 (Cp = η5-C5H5) in boiling methanol, bis(cyclopentadienyl)-methoxytitanium(IV) cyanide, Cp2Ti(OCH3)CN, is formed which in air is converted into the dinuclear oxygen-bridged derivative (Cp2TiCN)2O. By the same procedure, the bis(methylcyclopentadienyl) analogue [MeCp2TiCN]2O has been obtained. An X-ray diffraction study of (Cp2TiCN)2O has shown that the CN group acts as a unidentate ligand with a Ti? C bond length of 2.158 Å and a Ti? C? N bond angle of 177.7°, very close to linearity. The Ti? O bond distance, 1.836 Å, and the bond angle at the bridging O atom, 174.1°, are normal. The ligands are arranged in a nearly tetrahedral way around the Ti atoms. The structural results are compared to those for similar dinuclear titanium complexes.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

Crystals of 2-pyridyl-phenyl sulphone are monoclinic, space group P21/c, with eight molecules in the unit cell of dimensions a = 11.781, b = 5.903, c = 29.748 Å and B = 94.13°. The dihedral angles between the best planes of the two aromatic rings are significantly different in two crystallographically independent molecules (88.4° and 71.9° for molecule A and molecule B, respectively), as well as those between the CSC plane and the pyridine ring (59.4° and 67.4°) and between the CSC plane and the phenyl ring (51.7° and 81.8°). The average bond distances of interest include C?S 1.77(1) and S?O 1.44(1) Å; among the bond angles there are CSO = 108.1(7), CSC = 105.0(6) and OSO = 118.7(6)°. The packing of the molecule in the crystal is determined by the van der Waals interactions and by two intermolecular H?O contacts of 2.43 and 2.49 Å. The observed conformation in the solid state agrees well with results of previous investigations, in the solution state, by means of dipole moment method and theoretical M.O. calculations, for the analogous di-2-pyridyl sulphone.  相似文献   

14.
The dinuclear palladium(I) complexes [L(Ar2HGe)Pd(μ‐GeAr2)2Pd(GeHAr2)L] (Ar=Ph, p‐Tol; L=PMe3, tBuNC) contain terminal germyl and bridging germylene ligands with the experimentally observed Ge???Ge bond lengths of 2.8263(4) Å (L=PMe3) and 2.928(1) Å (L=tBuNC), which are close to the longest Ge? Ge bond reported to date [2.714(1) Å]. Significant Ge???Ge interactions between the germylene and germyl ligands (PMe3 complexes > tBuNC complexes) are supported by DFT calculations, Wiberg bond indices (WBI), and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses. Exchanging tBuNC for PMe3 ligands increases the Ge???Ge interaction, and simultaneously activates two Pd? Ge bonds. Adding the chelating diphosphine 1,2‐bis(diethylphosphino)ethane (depe) to the PMe3 complexes results in the intramolecular coupling of germyl and germylene ligands followed by extrusion of a digermane.  相似文献   

15.
A new complex [Cu(L1)(NCS)]SCN, where L1 = 3,14-dimethyl-2,6,13,17-tetraazatricyclo( 16.4.0.07,12)docosane is prepared and characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1? with two mononuclear formula units in a cell of dimensions a = 7.9681(2) Å, b = 8.8644(2) Å, c = 18.8165(5) Å, α = 76.758(70)°, β = 78.490(2)° and γ = 77.679(2)°. The Cu(II) ion is five-coordinate in an axially elongated square pyramidal environment, with the four amine N atoms at the equatorial positions and the N atom of one thiocyanate at an apical site. The macrocyclic cyclam moiety adopts a stable trans-III configuration. The Cu–N basal plane bond length has a mean value of 2.037(2) Å. The coordinated Cu–NCS bond length is 2.322(3) Å. The N atom of the thiocyanate anion is connected to the macrocyclic ligand of the cation via an NH…N(CS) hydrogen bond. The UV-visible absorption and IR spectral properties are also discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Methods for the preparation of cis - 3,5 - dibromo - 4 - oxo - 2,2,6,6 - tetramethylpiperidin -1 - yloxy (2b) and its use as a convenient, selective spin-labelling reagent for amino functions, are described. The crystal and molecular structures of 2b and the bis-nitroxide 4 - [(2',2',5',5' - tetramethylpyrrolin -1 - yloxy) - 3' - carbonyloxy] - 2, 2,6,6 - tetramethyl - 3,5 - dibromo - 3,4 - dehydropiperidin - 1 - yloxy (3) [obtained on treatment of 2b with triethylamine] have been determined by conventional heavy-atom techniques. In 2b the individual molecules have mirror symmetry with the bromine atoms equatorial. The N-O bond length is 1.278(5) Å, CN?C is 125.1(3)° and the N-O bond makes an angle of 24.2° with the CN?C plane. In 3 there are two different nitroxide groups. The pyrrolinyloxy ring is virtually planar with a N-O bond length of 1.252(13) Å and CN?C of 113.1(10)°. The 6 -membered ring exists in a sofa conformation with a pseudoaxial Br atom. Its nitroxide group is tetrahedrally distorted. The N-O bond length is 1.268(15) Å, CN?C is 121.7(10)° and the N-O bond makes an angle of 16.0° with the CN?C plane. The packing of 3 is dictated by a short Br... .O secondary bond of 3.09(1) Å, 0.28 Å less than the sum of the van der Waal's radii resulting in dimeric units related by a centre of symmetry.  相似文献   

17.
Dicyclohexylamine, oxalic acid dihydrate and di-n-butyltin oxide were reacted in 2:2:1 or 2:3:2 stoichiometries in ethanol solution to yield, respectively bis(dicyclohexylammonium) bisoxalatodi-n-butylstannate (1) and bis(dicyclohexylammonium) μ-oxalatobis(aquadi-n-butyloxalatostannate) (2); the hydrate was also obtained upon recrystallization of 1 from moist acetonitrile solution. The crystal structures of the two ammonium stannates have been determined at room temperature. In 1, the tin atom in the dianion exists in a skewtrapezoidal bipyramidal geometry with the basal plane being defined by two bidentate oxalate ligands; each ligand forms asymmetric Sn? O bonds [Sn? O 2.348(4), 2.110(4) Å and 2.112(4), 2.363(4) Å]. The apical sites are occupied by the two organo groups disposed over the weaker Sn? O bonds. In 2, the two tin centres of the dianion are connected via a tetradentate oxalate ligand situated about a centre of inversion and each tin atom exists in a pentagonal bipyramidal geometry. The pentagonal plane is defined by four oxygen atoms, two from the central ligand [Sn? O 2.282(4), 2.473(4)Å] and two from a ‘terminal’ oxalate ligand [Sn? O 2.239(4), 2.210(4)Å], and the fifth site is occupied by a water molecule of crystallization [Sn? O 2.422(4)Å]; the apical sites are filled by the n-butyl groups. Both compounds feature extended hydrogen-bonded networks involving the oxygen atoms of the dianion and the N-bound hydrogen atoms. Crystals of 1 are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with cell dimensions a = 13.408(3), b = 22.461(4), c = 13.996(2)Å, β = 100.97(2)°; full-matrix least-squares refinement on 3305 reflections with I≥2.5σ(I) converged to R = 0.042 and Rw = 0.046. Crystals of 2 are monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 13.729(3), b = 14.694(2), c = 14.889(2)Å, β = 104.83(2)º; refinement on 2093 reflections converged to R = 0.030 and Rw = 0.031. The two di-n-butylstannates were screened in vitro against the mammary MCF-7 and WiDr colon carcinoma cell lines, and were found to be as active as cisplatin, a clinically used antineoplastic drug.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

[Ni(L?1)(HL)(H2O)2].ClO4 with a Schiff base ligand L (HL = 3-p-tolylimino-2-butanone oxime) was prepared and structurally characterized by IR, cyclic voltammetry and X-ray diffraction methods. The nickel atom has distorted octahedral coordination consisting of four nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. The equatorial plane is formed by two oxime nitrogen atoms and two imine nitrogen atoms of two Schiff base ligand (L?1 and HL) with Ni‐ N bond distances between 2.01(1) and 2.11(1)Å. Water oxygen atoms occupy axial positions with Ni‐ O bond distances of 2.06(1) and 2.15(1) Å. The oxime groups in the Schiff base ligands are coordinated to Ni atom through their nitrogen atoms. One asymmetric intramolecular hydrogen bridge between the two oxime groups is found in the title complex.  相似文献   

19.
Formation of Organosilicon Compounds. LIV. Crystal and Molecular Structure of Tetramethyl-octasila-dodecascaphan 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15-octasila-dodecascaphan crystallizes in the cubic space group F4 3c–T with a = 17.074(10) Å. In the unit cell there are four molecules of each of the two chiral forms which are arranged in the way of the NaCl-structure. The molecules have the symmetry 23-T with torsion angles of 19° in the twelve six-membered rings with skew-boat conformation. In the polycyclic skeleton the bond length Si? C are nearly the same (1.885(2) Å, 1.893(5) Å and 1.888(6) Å), whereas the bond length Si? CH3 is slightly shorter (1.874(8) Å). The shortest distances between H-atoms are 2.59 and 2.68 Å (intramolecular) and 2.72 and 2.73 Å (intermolecular) respectively. The thermal motions of all atoms can be reduced to a rigid-body motion. Diffuse scattering (dependent on temperature) is observed and discussed.  相似文献   

20.
Single Crystal X-Ray Analysis of Compounds with Covalent Metal–Metal Bonds. II. Molecular and Crystal Structure of X2Sn[Mn(CO)5]2 (X?Cl, Br) Both X2Sn[Mn(CO)5]2 compounds (X?Cl, Br) crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system with at times different values in the lattice parameters. They belong to the space group C2h5. The structures have been solved using 2 107 symmetrical independent reflection for Cl2Sn[Mn(CO)5]2 and 1 470 reflections for Br2Sn[Mn(CO)5)2] by applying the heavy atom method. The following interatomic distances have been found: Cl2Sn[Mn(CO)5]2, Sn? Mn = 2.635(1) Å, Sn? Cl = 2.385(2) Å, Mn? C = 1.852(8) Å, C? O = 1.128(10) Å; Br2Sn[Mn(CO)5]2, Sn? Mn = 2.642(3) Å, Sn? Br = 2.548(2) Å, Mn? C = 1.851(21) Å, C? O = 1.124(25) Å. In addition, bond angles of X? Sn? X and Mn? Sn? Mn of these compounds have also been estimated in the case of X = Cl: 95.80(7)° and 126.25(4)° and for X?Br: 98.44(8)° and 125.88(9)°. The individual molecules of the X2Sn[Mn(CO)5]2 solids are surrounded by ligands showing distorted tetrahedral configuration at the Sn atom and distorted octahedral configuration at the Mn atom.  相似文献   

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