光谱法研究氢等离子体循环机制

利用多道光学分析仪测量Hα线形分布,从线形的分布推出再循环的氢原子主要来源于离子中性化后的反射和氢分子的离解。通过双高斯拟合H_α线形分布,由多普勒频移得出了氢原子的入射速度。从氢原子能量分布上的特征峰得出氢分子的离解方式主要是电离和直接离解。     

托卡马克等离子体粒子输运方程的半解析研究

在输运算子为线性算子的条件下,对托卡马克等离子体粒子输运方程的求解进行了系统的分析。粒子输运由向外扩散和向内对流构成。给出了用格林函数表示的普遍解和相应的Ｓｔｕｒｍ－Ｌｉｏｕｖｉｌｌｅ本征函数及本征值,对粒子源处在边界附近（浅加料）的情形,通过解的互补性关系,可以获得品质好的广义傅里叶展开,从解的一般性质看出,在器壁再循环很小时,由第一个本征函数描述的粒子密度剖面对应于较高的峰化因子。对于瞬间内部     

托卡马克等离子体粒子输运方程的半解析研究

粒子约束和输运特性的研究是磁约束聚变物理研究最基本的和最重要的课题之一。大量实验表明粒子约束好坏不仅直接影响等离子体储能,而直接与总体能量约束时间有关,而且粒子密度的剖面分布与约束模式有内在的联系。这里的粒子除工作粒子（一般指氢、氘）外,也包括杂质。文献（1）对杂质输运方程的一般特性进行了系统研究,本文将该文所述方法推广到工作粒子输运情形。在假定输运算子为线性的基础上,对粒子输运方程进行了基于Green函数表示或广富氏展开的解析研究。但当扩散系数和对流系数均随空间变化时,用于展开的基函数的微分方程特征值问题需由数值方法确定,因此称半解析研究。     

均匀晕等离子体区中性粒子输运的两能群模型

本文给出一种简单的两能群模型并用它验证了原子过程对晕(Halo)等离子体区的中性粒子输运所起的作用。估计了均匀晕等离子体区对入射中性粒子通量的反射率和透射率。最后用本模型与SPUDNUT程序的计算结果做了比较。     

中性粒子输运及其应用研究

1引言 由于中性粒子不带电，因此不受磁场的约束，可以比较自由地出入等离子体区域。一方面，中性粒子输运直接影响主等高子体的能量平衡、动量平衡和粒子半衡；另一方面，研究中性粒子输运对等离子体诊断提供依据和分析对象。如逃逸的快中性原子可以被用来测量离子温度。     

氮气辉光放电阴极鞘层重粒子输运过程研究

采用蒙特卡罗模拟对氮气辉光放电等离子体阴极鞘层内离子(N₂⁺,N⁺)和快中性分子(N_2f)的输运过程进行了研究,计算了阴极鞘层中离子(N₂⁺,N⁺)和快中性分子的能量及角分布的空间变化,较好地解释了实验结果.得到了氮气辉光放电等离子体阴极附近主要存在着能量较低的荷能分子、密度较低的高能原子离子及密度和能量居中的分子离子.诸粒子状态随放电条件而变化.模拟结 关键词：     

低环径比托卡马克堆中的α粒子输运

基于当前等离子体物理，本文初步讨论了低环径比托卡马克堆中等离子体的特征。在自洽的低环径比堆芯参数下，计算了α粒子约束和损失，以及不同环径比对它们的影响。     

光谱法测量等离子体离子温度和旋转速度

分析多普勒展宽和多普勒频移的区别，讨论了弦积分的线形分布和高斯分布的差异，利用光谱多道分析仪测量了碳227．1nm谱线的线形分布，通过选点拟合得出辐射粒子的离子温度和旋转速度径向分布。     

Three-Dimensional Dust-Acoustic Waves in a Collisional Dusty Plasma with Opposite Polarity Particles

The dispersion relation is derived for three-dimensional dust-acoustic waves in a current-driven dusty plasmas with both positively and negatively charged dust particles. The dependencies of the frequency and the growth rate on the wave number K, the intensity of magnetic field B, and the inclination angle θ have been numerically shown in this paper. The growth rate is negative for the laboratory dusty plasma, but it is positive for the cosmic dusty plasma.It is found that when the inclination angle θ = π/2, there is no instability. The effect of the electrostatic field E0 has also been studied in this paper.     

Three-Dimensional Dust-Acoustic Waves in a Collisional Dusty Plasma with Opposite Polarity Particles

The dispersion relation is derived for three-dimensional dust-acoustic waves in a current-driven dusty plasmas with both positively and negatively charged dust particles. The dependencies of the frequency and the growth rate on the wave number K, the intensity of magnetic field B, and the inclination angle θ have been numerically shown in this paper. The growth rate is negative for the laboratory dusty plasma, but it is positive for the cosmic dusty plasma. It is found that when the inclination angle θ = π/2, there is no instability. The effect of the electrostatic field Eo has also been studied in this paper.     

A Method of Separation of Polydisperse Particles in the Plasma of Radio‐Frequency Discharge

A method of separation of polydisperse dust particles in the plasma of radio‐frequency (RF) capacitive discharge is considered. Investigations of plasma equipotential field enabled us to determine conditions for separation of polydisperse dust particles. The simplicity of the technology made it possible to obtain small dispersed particles of different materials. Samples of small dispersed microparticles of silica and alumina were obtained. The size and chemical composition of samples were examined using a Quanta 3D 200i scanning electron microscope (SEM, FEI, USA). The average size of separated silica nanoparticles was 600 nm, that of silica and alumina microparticles was 5 μm. Two separation methods were developed: the first one used a special trap and shape of the bottom electrode of RF discharge (for separation of microparticles) and the second used an electrical trap (for separation of nanoparticles). The graphs of particle size distribution were constructed using graphical and mathematical calculations. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Quantum Transport of Particles and Entropy

A unified view on macroscopic thermodynamics and quantum transport is presented. Thermodynamic processes with an exchange of energy between two systems necessarily involve the flow of other balancable quantities. These flows are first analyzed using a simple drift-diffusion model, which includes the thermoelectric effects, and connects the various transport coefficients to certain thermodynamic susceptibilities and a diffusion coefficient. In the second part of the paper, the connection between macroscopic thermodynamics and quantum statistics is discussed. It is proposed to employ not particles, but elementary Fermi- or Bose-systems as the elementary building blocks of ideal quantum gases. In this way, the transport not only of particles but also of entropy can be derived in a concise way, and is illustrated both for ballistic quantum wires, and for diffusive conductors. In particular, the quantum interference of entropy flow is in close correspondence to that of electric current.     

常压高频等离子体电子温度的光谱法诊断

常压高频等离子体由于其无电极污染、能量密度大、温度高及气氛可控的特点而得到了广泛应用,电子温度是影响其使用性能的关键参数,根据发射光谱使用玻尔兹曼图解法计算是最常用且最可行的诊断方法,但由于跃迁几率数据可靠性、环境背景、仪器误差、数据处理误差等原因,不同研究者根据不同谱线计算的结果通常不具有可比性。为了得到可靠性高的电子温度计算结果,针对存在SiO₂颗粒的常压高频空气等离子体,以光谱范围为200～1 077 nm的7通道高分辨光纤光谱仪为测量工具,该研究讨论了元素、光谱段选择对计算结果可靠性的影响。结果表明,由于N₂占电离气体的主要部分且不参与化学反应,N Ⅰ发射谱线是最佳选择,使用738～940 nm内N Ⅰ的谱线计算的拟合度为0.95,计算的电子温度最为可靠;由于Si和O极易结合成SiO₂颗粒,此二元素的能量不再满足玻尔兹曼分布,计算结果的可靠性较差,因此不能使用Si和O元素的发射谱线计算电子温度;使用掺入Ar的谱线同样不能得到可靠的电子温度计算结果。因此,为了有效诊断等离子体电子温度,在不同应用场合中,应当根据实际情况,合理选择测量光谱范围及光谱仪,选取合适的粒子及其发射谱线。     

低压下直流电弧热等离子体射流电子密度的光谱法测量

采用原子发射光谱仪研究低压直流电弧热喷涂等离子体射流的特性。利用Stark展宽法采集H_β谱线,使用其Δλ_1/2来计算等离子射流中的电子密度,研究了氢气流量、输入功率和探测距离对等离子体射流中电子密度的影响。使用Saha方程计算热等离子体的电离程度,研究了功率/氢气流量与等离子体电离程度的关系。结果表明:电子密度和电离程度随着电流强度的增大而增加;氢气流量增加可以明显提高等离子体射流的能量,但对电离程度影响不大。     

Edge Plasma Biasing Experiments on the CASTOR Tokamak: Spectroscopic Investigation and Microwave Measurements

The effects of edge plasma biasing have been recently investigated by different spectroscopic diagnostics on the CASTOR tokamak. Measurements in visible, VUV and XUV ranges complement the knowledge of processes during a biasing phase, and confirm the occurrence of several types of plasma biasing regimes — so called radiating regime, non-radiating regime, and reduced H regime. The use of edge plasma biasing to study the possibility of Electron Bernstein Wave conversion has been demonstrated.     

超越阿贝尔优势近似和色等离子体的输运系数计算

给出了一种超越阿贝尔优势近似求解夸克胶子等离子体输运方程的方法，并用它计算了夸克、反夸克等离子体的输运系数，讨论了输运系数的非阿贝尔修正．     

氮等离子体枪中电子输运行为的蒙特卡罗模拟

采用蒙特卡罗模拟,对氮等离子体枪的两个环形电极间的氮气辉光放电过程中电子的输运过程进行研究.计算在不同平均电场与粒子数密度的比值(E/N)下,电子与氮分子发生不同碰撞的概率、出射电子的平均能量、方向角分布和电子的能量分布.结果表明,电子能量近似服从玻尔兹曼分布.随着E/N的升高,电子平均能量升高,发生激发、离化、电离和离化电离碰撞的概率增大;非均匀分布的电场使分子获得更高的离化率,同时显著增强出射电子的能量.模拟结果为等离子体应用设计提供了参考依据.