Top-hat by reconstruction operators based multi-scale multi-structuring element method for multiple linear feature detection with simple post-processing

To efficiently extract all the possible linear features in image, a multi-scale multi-structuring element top-hat by reconstruction operator based algorithm with simple post-processing is proposed in this paper. Multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operator using multi-scale structuring elements is discussed, firstly. Also, through importing multi-structuring elements with linear shapes at different directions, multi-scale multi-structuring element top-hat by reconstruction operator for linear feature extraction is shown. By using the multi-scales of multi-structuring elements, the method of extracting all the possible linear feature regions in an image is proposed. After extracting the linear feature regions, the final detected linear features, which are expressed as lines with different shapes and lengths, are obtained through image binarisation and refinement. Experimental results on different types of images show that, the proposed algorithm is efficient for linear feature detection and could be widely used in different applications related to multiple linear feature detection.     

Image enhancement using multi scale image features extracted by top-hat transform

To efficiently enhance images, a novel algorithm using multi scale image features extracted by top-hat transform is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the multi scale bright and dim regions are extracted through top-hat transform using structuring elements with the same shape and increasing sizes. Then, two types of multi scale image features, which are the multi scale bright and dim image regions at each scale and the multi scale image details between neighboring scales, are extracted and used to form the final extracted bright and dim image regions. Finally, the image is enhanced through enlarging the contrast between the final extracted bright and dim image features. Experimental results on images from different applications verified that the proposed algorithm could efficiently enhance the contrast and details of image, and produce few noise regions.     

Multiscale top-hat selection transform based infrared and visual image fusion with emphasis on extracting regions of interest

To effectively combine regions of interest in original infrared and visual images, an adaptively weighted infrared and visual image fusion algorithm is developed based on the multiscale top-hat selection transform. First, the multiscale top-hat selection transform using multiscale structuring elements with increasing sizes is discussed. Second, the image regions of the original infrared and visual images at each scale are extracted by using the multiscale top-hat selection transform. Third, the final fusion regions are constructed from the extracted multiscale image regions. Finally, the final fusion regions are combined into a base image calculated from the original images to form the final fusion result. The combination of the final fusion regions uses the adaptive weight strategy, and the weights are adaptively obtained based on the importance of the extracted features. In the paper, we compare seven image fusion methods: wavelet pyramid algorithm (WP), shift invariant discrete wavelet transform algorithm (SIDWT), Laplacian pyramid algorithm (LP), morphological pyramid algorithm (MP), multiscale morphology based algorithm (MSM), center-surround top-hat transform based algorithm (CSTHT), and the proposed multiscale top-hat selection transform based algorithm. These seven methods are compared over five different publicly available image sets using three metrics of spatial frequency, mean gradient, and Q. The results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and may be useful for the applications related to the infrared and visual image fusion.     

Image fusion through local feature extraction by using multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operators

The purpose of image fusion is to combine useful image features of different original images into the final fusion image, which will produce one useful result image for different applications. One of the main difficulties of image fusion is extracting useful image features of different original images. In some cases, useful image features are local image features of the whole image. To efficiently extract local image features and produce an efficient fusion result, an image fusion algorithm based on the extracted local image features by using multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operators is proposed in this paper. Firstly, multi-scale local feature extraction using multi-scale top-hat by reconstruction operators is discussed. Then, based on the extracted multi-scale local features of different original images, the useful image features for image fusion are constructed. Finally, the constructed useful image features for image fusion are combined into the final fusion image. Experimental results on different types of images show that, the proposed algorithm performs well for image fusion.     

Constructing center operator from center-surround top-hat transform

Morphological center operator has been one important operator constructed from the morphological alternating filters, which could be well used in optical signal analysis applications. Alternating operators which have the similar properties as the alternating filters have been constructed from the center-surround top-hat transform, which have superiority in some optical signal analysis applications. In light of this, the center operator which has some good properties could be also constructed from the center-surround top-hat transform. In this paper, the constructed center operator from the center-surround top-hat transform is given. And the properties of the constructed operator are also analyzed, which indicates that the constructed operator may be also useful operators for some optical signal analysis applications.     

Image enhancement through contrast enlargement using the image regions extracted by multiscale top-hat by reconstruction

An image enhancement algorithm based on multiscale top-hat by reconstruction is proposed in this paper. Firstly, multiscale top-hat by reconstruction using multiscale structuring elements is discussed. Then, multiscale bright and black image regions are extracted. Thirdly, useful image regions for image enhancement are obtained from the extracted multiscale bright and black image regions. Finally, after a base image is calculated from the results of the opening and closing by reconstruction operations, the original image is enhanced through combing the useful image regions into the base image. Experimental results on different types of images show that the proposed algorithm is efficient.     

A fusion method for infrared–visible image and infrared-polarization image based on multi-scale center-surround top-hat transform

This paper presents a fusion method for infrared–visible image and infrared-polarization image based on multi-scale center-surround top-hat transform which can effectively extract the feature information and detail information of source images. Firstly, the multi-scale bright (dark) feature regions of source images at different scale levels are respectively extracted by multi-scale center-surround top-hat transform. Secondly, the bright (dark) feature regions at different scale levels are refined for eliminating the redundancies by spatial scale. Thirdly, the refined bright (dark) feature regions from different scales are combined into the fused bright (dark) feature regions through adding. Then, a base image is calculated by performing dilation and erosion on the source images with the largest scale outer structure element. Finally, the fusion image is obtained by importing the fused bright and dark features into the base image with a reasonable strategy. Experimental results indicate that the proposed fusion method can obtain state-of-the-art performance in both aspects of objective assessment and subjective visual quality.     

An infrared and visible image fusion method based upon multi-scale and top-hat transforms

The high-frequency components in the traditional multi-scale transform method are approximately sparse, which can represent different information of the details. But in the low-frequency component, the coefficients around the zero value are very few, so we cannot sparsely represent low-frequency image information. The low-frequency component contains the main energy of the image and depicts the profile of the image. Direct fusion of the low-frequency component will not be conducive to obtain highly accurate fusion result. Therefore, this paper presents an infrared and visible image fusion method combining the multi-scale and top-hat transforms. On one hand, the new top-hat-transform can effectively extract the salient features of the low-frequency component. On the other hand, the multi-scale transform can extract highfrequency detailed information in multiple scales and from diverse directions. The combination of the two methods is conducive to the acquisition of more characteristics and more accurate fusion results. Among them, for the low-frequency component, a new type of top-hat transform is used to extract low-frequency features, and then different fusion rules are applied to fuse the low-frequency features and low-frequency background; for high-frequency components, the product of characteristics method is used to integrate the detailed information in high-frequency. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain more detailed information and clearer infrared target fusion results than the traditional multiscale transform methods. Compared with the state-of-the-art fusion methods based on sparse representation, the proposed algorithm is simple and efficacious, and the time consumption is significantly reduced.     

Alternating sequential operators based on top-hat selection transform

Alternating sequential filters (ASFs) are one class of important morphological filters, which are constructed from the classical opening and closing operations in different ways. Because the classical opening and closing have the defect of image detail smoothing, ASFs may also smooth image details. Top-hat selection transform selectively outputs different image processing results in purpose, which has the ability of image detail protection. Firstly, based on top-hat selection transform, two new operations which could protect image details are constructed and analyzed in this paper. Then, a new class of alternating sequential operators, named SASOs, is proposed based on the two new operations. One application of impulsive noise removal is used to demonstrate the efficiency of SASOs. And, the experimental results show that, SASOs could smooth noises and protect image details. Therefore, SASOs may be widely used in different applications.     

基于空-频域特征和线性判别分析的视频步态识别

为提高步态识别准确率,提出了基于空-频域特征和线性判别分析的视频步态识别方法。利用离散余弦变换、Contourlet变换分别提取步态能量图的频率特征和多尺度多方向轮廓特征;融合得到空-频域特征,并通过线性判别分析映射到最佳鉴别矢量空间;根据相似性距离实现身份识别。在中科院自动化所提供的数据库中进行实验,结果表明,提出的特征提取方法优于现有常用方法。空-频域特征能够有效地区分步态中的高低频分量,并捕捉丰富的细节信息,线性判别分析在降维的同时进一步增强特征的判别能力,有助于提高识别精度。     

Deceptive Chinese speech detection based on sparse decomposition of cepstral feature

In order to improve the performance of deception detection based on Chinese speech signals, a method of sparse decomposition on spectral feature is proposed. First, the wavelet packet transform is applied to divide the speech signal into multiple sub-bands. Band cepstral features of wavelet packets are obtained by operating the discrete cosine transform on loga?rithmic energy of each sub-band. The cepstral feature is generated by combing Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient and Wavelet Packet Band Cepstral Coefficient. Second, K-singular value decomposition algorithm is employed to achieve the training of an over-complete mixture dictionary based on both the truth and deceptive feature sets, and an orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is used for sparse coding according to the mixture dictionary to get sparse feature.Finally, recognition experiments axe performed with various classified modules. Experimental results show that the sparse decomposition method has better performance comparied with con?ventional dimension reduced methods. The recognition accuracy of the method proposed in this paper is 78.34%, which is higher than methods using other features, improving the recognition ability of deception detection system significantly.     

倒谱参数稀疏分解下的汉语音谎言检测

为了提高汉语语音的谎言检测准确率,提出了一种对信号倒谱参数进行稀疏分解的方法。首先,采用小波包滤波器组对语音信号进行多频带划分,求得子频带对数能量并进行离散余弦变换以提取小波包频带倒谱系数,结合梅尔频率谱系数得到倒谱参数;其次,依据K-奇异值分解方法分别利用说谎和非说谎两种状态下的语音倒谱参数集训练得到过完备混合字典,在此字典上根据正交匹配追踪算法对参数集进行稀疏编码提取稀疏特征;最终进行多种分类模型下的识别实验·实验结果表明,稀疏分解方法相比传统参数降维方法具有更好的优化性能,本文推荐的稀疏谱特征最佳识别率达到78.34%,优于其他特征参数,显著提高了谎言检测识别准确率。      

基于可能性信息质量合成的双模态红外图像融合算法选取

针对双模态红外图像在融合时异类差异特征两两合成出现信息冗余导致所选择的融合算法相互冲突,造成融合效果差甚至失效的问题,提出了一种基于可能性信息质量合成的双模态红外图像融合算法选取方法。首先计算双模态红外图像多融合算法下不同差异特征的融合有效度,利用可能性框架得到对应的可能性分布向量子集;其次计算向量子集的信息量和可信度,并对多个向量子集进行加权合成;然后构建基于信息质量的排序函数,得到每种融合算法下的非支配子集;最后构建多融合算法得分函数的联合分布对多种融合算法优化选择。实验结果表明,将基于质量来整合多个差异特征的方法运用于双模态红外图像融合算法选取中,所选出的融合算法在加权综合指标上高于其他算法均值55%以上,证明了本文方法的有效性和合理性;由多组实验算得本文方法平均耗时10.083 s,在时间效率上也符合实时图像融合应用的工程需求。     

A robust watermarking algorithm based on salient image features

A feature-based robust watermarking algorithm against geometric attacks is proposed in this paper. It is well-known that geometric attacks such as rotation, scaling, and translation on a watermarked image will destroy the synchronization between the processes of watermark embedding and detection. In other words, the locations for embedding the watermark are lost due to geometric attacks, which results in the failure of watermark detection. Since salient features in an image are relatively stable under geometric attacks, they may serve as reference points to synchronize the embedding and detection processes and the detection rate of the watermark could be increased significantly. Another problem for feature-based watermarking is that the repeatability of feature detection tends to be low; that is, the features detected during the embedding process may not be detected again during the detection process. To overcome such a problem, a novel feature enhancement technique is developed to increase the repeatability rate of feature detection, in which image moments are used to achieve geometric invariance between the embedding and detection processes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed watermarking algorithm is able to survive various geometric attacks and common image processing operations. And the visual quality of the watermarked image is well preserved as well.     

Feature selection method based on fuzzy entropy for regression in QSAR studies

Feature selection and feature extraction are the most important steps in classification and regression systems. Feature selection is commonly used to reduce the dimensionality of datasets with tens or hundreds of thousands of features, which would be impossible to process further. Recent example includes quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSAR) dataset including 1226 features. A major problem of QSAR is the high dimensionality of the feature space; therefore, feature selection is the most important step in this study. This paper presents a novel feature selection algorithm that is based on entropy. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with that of a genetic algorithm method and a stepwise regression method. The root mean square error of prediction in a QSAR study using entropy, genetic algorithm and stepwise regression using multiple linear regressions model for training set and test set were 0.3433, 0.3591 and 0.5500, 0.4326 and 0.6373, 0.6672, respectively.     

多特征融合的交通标志检测与分类研究

针对国内交通标志的属性特征,提出了一种基于颜色和形状的交通标志分类算法。采用RGB模型分量值互减的方法对自然背景下的交通标志图像进行分割,提取出感兴趣区域,对标志区域进行形态学处理、边缘检测,提取标志外层轮廓。利用Hough变换识别交通标志线性特征。在识别交通标志颜色和几何形状的基础上,利用交通标志的分类知识实现交通标志的快速分类。实验结果表明,该方法容易实现,满足实时性要求,并能达到较好的分类效果。     

基于多特征和FCM的图像边缘检测方法

提出了一种新的基于多特征和FCM的边缘检测算法.该方法根据边缘点附近灰度分布特点构造了多个反映边缘特性的特征分量,并利用输入图像提取该组特征分量,组成一个反映图像边缘特征的数据集.用FCM聚类算法将该数据集分为两类,即边缘点数据和非边缘点数据,实现边缘检测.该方法无需确定阈值,对弱边缘检测较敏感,在特征的选取上充分考虑了边缘和噪声的本质区别,因而具有优异的抗噪性能.     

基于多尺度特征提取与多元回归分析的人脸识别

为提高人脸识别的正确率,提出了一种改进的特征提取及分类算法。首先采用Contour-let变换对人脸图像进行多尺度分解,然后由低频子带和各尺度各方向的高频子带得到人脸的特征值,并将它们组合成多尺度特征向量,再应用多元回归分析方法进行人脸识别。由于多尺度特征向量不仅反映了整幅图像的全局特征,还反映了图像各种尺度下的边缘、纹理等奇异特征,因此具有更多的鉴别信息;多元回归分析则充分考虑了同一总体的各样本间的强线性关系。在ORL人脸库上的实验显示人脸识别率达97．78％,优于其他的方法。     

Motion detection in moving background using a novel algorithm based on image features guiding self-adaptive Sequential Similarity Detection Algorithm

A novel efficient algorithm for motion detection in dynamic background was proposed. In image registration step, a feature-based and self-adaptive Sequential Similarity Detection Algorithm (SSDA) algorithm was proposed, which searches for matching position under constraints induced by image features with variational threshold. Then perform change detection by calculating and classifying the Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) around detected features in the middle frames of three consecutive images. Moving objects position was determined according to the rule that the feature from moving regions shows a lager MAD. Experiments on data sets of four typical scenes show that the improved registration algorithm is accurate and costs less than 0.4 s in computation, much faster compared with other four methods, and the proposed Dual Maximum Mean Absolute Difference Algorithm (DMMADA) can obtain a robust set of moving object features. Our algorithm can be used for fast detection of moving targets in dynamic background as well as change detection.     

Fusion of infrared-visible images using improved multi-scale top-hat transform and suitable fusion rules

Integration of infrared and visible images is an active and important topic in image understanding and interpretation. In this paper, a new fusion method is proposed based on the improved multi-scale center-surround top-hat transform, which can effectively extract the feature information and detail information of source images. Firstly, the multi-scale bright (dark) feature regions of infrared and visible images are respectively extracted at different scale levels by the improved multi-scale center-surround top-hat transform. Secondly, the feature regions at the same scale in both images are combined by multi-judgment contrast fusion rule, and the final feature images are obtained by simply adding all scales of feature images together. Then, a base image is calculated by performing Gaussian fuzzy logic combination rule on two smoothed source images. Finally, the fusion image is obtained by importing the extracted bright and dark feature images into the base image with a suitable strategy. Both objective assessment and subjective vision of the experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to current popular MST-based methods and morphology-based methods in the field of infrared-visible images fusion.