两个基于四氮唑衍生物的配位聚合物的合成

在水热条件下,5-(4-吡啶基)四氮唑(4-PTZ)分别与氯化锌和氯化镉反应,得到2个基于此配体的配位聚合物,它们的分子式分别为{[Zn(4-PTZ)₂Cl₂]·4H₂O}n(1)和{[Cd₃(4-PTZ)₂(H₂O)₂Cl₆]·3H₂O}n(2),且表现出不同的配位模式.这2个化合物均结晶在单斜晶系,化合物1的晶胞参数分别为:a=0.69175(8)nm;b=2.6688(3)nm;c=1.12266(12)nm;β=93.5350(10)°;V=2.0687(4)nm³;Z=4;R₁=0.0318(I>2σ(I));wR₂=0.0829;空间群为P2₁/n.化合物2的晶胞参数分别为:a=1.89713(13)nm;b=1.05579(7)nm;c=1.44649(10)nm;β=102.4890(10)°;V=2.8287(3)nm³;Z=4;R₁=0.0262(I>2σ(I));wR₂=0.1343;空间群为C₂/c.通过元素分析、红外光谱分析和热重分析对该化合物进行了表征,另外荧光测定结果显示化合物1和2的固态粉末在室温下均表现出较强的紫外荧光发射特性.     

含有磺胺的多金属氧酸盐的合成及抑制前列腺癌细胞PC-3M作用的研究

合成了(C₆H₉N₂O₂S)₅HP₂Mo₁₈O₆₂•15H₂O (SPOM-1)和(C₆H₉N₂O₂S)H₈P₂Mo₁₅V₃O₆₂•8H₂O (SPOM-2)两种新的含有磺胺的多金属氧酸盐, 通过元素分析、IR光谱对其结构进行了表征. 在人雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌细胞系PC-3M内, 对合成的多金属氧酸盐进行了抗肿瘤活性的研究. 研究发现, SPOM-1, SPOM-2在体外能明显抑制前列腺癌PC-3M细胞, 并呈一定的量效关系, EC₅₀分别为38, 11 g•mL^－1; 治疗指数(TI)分别为12.07, 26.82; SPOM-2的抗前列腺癌PC-3M细胞活性大于SPOM-1.     

碳纳米管负载的Pd-Ag-Sn催化剂对甲酸的电氧化

采用硼氢化钠还原的方法合成了碳纳米管负载的钯基纳米催化剂（Pd/CNT,Pd₇Ag₃/CNT,Pd₇Sn₂/CNT,Pd₇Ag₁Sn₂/CNT,Pd₇Ag₂Sn₂/CNT和Pd₇Ag₃Sn₂/CNT）。通过XRD,TEM和XPS对其进行了表征,结果表明,相比Pd/CNT和Pd-Ag（或Pd-Sn）催化剂的纳米颗粒,Pd-Ag-Sn催化剂展现出了更小的平均颗粒尺寸（2.3 nm）。此外,还通过循环伏安（CV）和计时电流法（CA）测试了这些催化剂对甲酸氧化的电活性,在酸碱介质中,Pd-Ag-Sn/CNT对甲酸氧化都表现出了更高的电流密度。其中,Pd₇Ag₂Sn₂/CNT催化剂在酸碱介质中的电流密度分别是108.8和211.3 mA·cm^-2,相应的Pd质量电流密度高达1 364和2 640 mA·mg^-1,远远高于商业Pd/C,表明Pd-Ag-Sn/CNT催化剂对甲酸氧化表现出了极好的电催化活性。     

含苯并咪唑三足配体的金属配位化合物的合成及对碘的吸附性能

通过溶剂热法合成了2种新型金属配位化合物[Co₃(L1)₂Cl₆]_n (1)和{[Cu(L1)(SO₄)]·2CH₃OH}_n (2)，其中L1=2，2''，2″-三(1-苯并咪唑基)乙基胺，是一种中性苯并咪唑三足有机配体。单晶X射线衍射分析表明化合物1是一维链状结构、化合物2是三维结构；红外光谱和粉末X射线衍射表征证实化合物1和2的纯度较高。热重分析表明化合物1和2是耐热性的材料。碘吸附实验表明，2个化合物对环己烷溶液中的碘和气态碘都有很高的捕获性能且具有良好的循环利用性。同时，它们的吸附动力学最符合准二级模型，吸附过程以化学吸附为主。吸附机理研究进一步表明化合物的结构中含有苯、氮杂环等活性基团，间接增加了与碘的吸附位点，提高了与碘的化学反应性和碘的去除率。     

微乳液法制备纳米草酸钆的热解机理的研究

Gd₂O₃∶Tb³⁺ luminescent nanoparticles were prepared by the thermal decomposition of the nanosized oxlate prepared in the reverse microemulsions based on triton X-100 / n-hexyl alcohol, n-octane, and water. From TG-DTA, XRD and FTIR analyses, the mechanism of thermal decomposition of the nanosized oxalate precursor is suggested as follows: Gd₂(C₂O₄)₃·10H₂O → Gd₂(C₂O₄)₃ + 10H₂O, Gd₂(C₂O₄)₃ → Gd₂O₂(CO₃) + 3CO +2CO₂, Gd₂O₂(CO₃) → Gd₂O₃ + CO₂. The kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition reaction-activation energy E of stage 2 and 3 are 194.6 kJ·mol^-1, 110.9 kJ·mol^-1, respectively, using Ozawa method. And the reaction order n is 2.9 and 0.43, respectively, according to the TG curves.     

基于席夫碱分隔配体的Cu-Tb单分子磁体的阴离子调控

基于席夫碱分隔配体H₂vanophen（1,2-苯二胺缩邻香草醛）,通过引入不同的阴离子,构筑了3个Cu-Tb基金属配合物[Cu₂（vanophen）₂TbCl₂（MeOH）₂]Cl·3MeOH（1）、[Cu₂（vanophen）₂TbCl₂（MeOH）₂]（TCNQ）_1.5·2MeOH（2）和[Cu₂（vanophen）₂Tb₂（N₃）₆]·2MeOH（3）（TCNQ=7,7,8,8-四氰基对苯二醌二甲烷）,并详细研究了它们的结构和磁性。除了抗衡阴离子外,配合物1和2具有非常相似的[CuTbCu]三核结构;其中Cu（Ⅱ）离子处于席夫碱配体中的[N₂O₂]配位口袋中,而Tb（Ⅲ）离子则和配体中的[O₄]配位口袋中的全部或部分O原子配位。对应于一个三核基元,配合物1中的抗衡阴离子为一个Cl^-离子,而配合物2中的抗衡阴离子是一个TCNQ^-0.5阴离子及半个TCNQ^-阴离子。配合物3是由end-end及end-on叠氮桥联2个[CuTb]单元形成的四核[CuTb]2配合物。磁性研究表明,三核配合物1和2均为场致的单分子磁体而配合物3为零场单分子磁体,其中配合物1和3的能垒分别为（11.1±0.3） cm^-1和（20.2±0.3） cm^-1。相比于配合物1,配合物2具有更低的能垒,这可能源于其中的阴离子自由基和三核[CuTbCu]基元之间的弱的磁相互作用。     

多孔铝合金的孔隙率

建立了两种孔形(球形,多角形)多孔铝合金总孔隙率(Pr_c)的物理模型,实验值(Pr_e)与理论计算值((Pr_c)符合良好.多孔铝合金的总孔隙率(Pr_c)由填料颗粒堆积造成的孔隙率(Pr_堆积)、液-固两相不浸润所致的附加孔隙率(Pr_附加)和凝固收缩引起的孔隙率(Pr_凝固)组成.Pr_堆积是Pr _c的主部,Pr_附加对Pr_c的贡献虽小,但却是成功制备多孔铝合金的关键.     

含吡咯环的缩氨基硫脲席夫碱镍、铜配合物的晶体结构及与DNA的相互作用

合成并通过单晶衍射、元素分析及红外光谱表征了配合物[Ni（L¹）₂]·2DMF （1）,[Cu（L¹）₂]·THF·0.25MeOH·2.25H₂O（2）, [Ni（L²）₂]·2MeOH（3）和[Cu（L²）₂]·2EtOH （4）的结构（HL¹：5-甲酰基-3,4-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲酸乙酯缩硫代氨基脲,HL²：5-甲酰基-2,4-二甲基-吡咯-3-甲酸乙酯缩4-异丙基氨基硫脲）。单晶衍射结果表明,除溶剂分子不同外,配合物1~4的结构相似。每个配合物的中心金属离子分别与来自2个阴离子L^-配体的N₂S₂电子供体配位,采取扭曲的平面正方形配位构型。荧光光谱结果表明,配合物与DNA的相互作用强于其配体。     

二丁基硫醚的合成及其萃取分离钯、铂的研究

用Na₂S·9H₂O和1-溴丁烷合成了二丁基硫醚(简写为M)。以二丁基硫醚为萃取剂进行了钯、铂萃取分离的研究,并采用正交实验,得出了钯、铂分离的最佳条件为c_M=0.344 mol·L^-1,O/A=1∶1,t=6 min,c_H⁺=2 mol·L^-1。测得二丁基硫醚萃取钯的容量大于17 g·L^{-1相似文献}   

水对苯硼酸参与的偶联反应的促进作用

水;离子液体;PEG;苯硼酸;Suzuki偶联反应;Suzuki-Type偶联反应     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。