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The activation processes of gliding dislocations during plastic deformation of solids should lead to amplitude dependent internal friction even in the case of small oscillatory dislocation movements about the equilibrium positions. Our theory predicts, that the rise of internal friction with amplitude should be the beginning of a maximum of internal friction, which one could find at higher amplitudes. It is found that this theory can account qualitatively for the main features of many experiments on amplitude dependent internal friction, although this kind of damping has seldom been measured without the backgroundaction of pinning impurities.  相似文献   

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Catalase was desactivated in aqueous solution by irradiation with gamma-rays or ultrasound with nearly equal yields, if the applied doses were related to the response of a chemical dosimeter. The decrease of the enzymatic activity proceeded in parallel to the release of 123iodine from 125I-(iodo)-catalase. The same competition kinetics were observed in the radiolytic and sonolytic bleaching of p-nitrosodimethylaniline in the presence of catalase, respectively. It is concluded, that OH-radicals were, responsible for the sonolytic destruction of catalase. Phospholipids exerted a protective effect, which may be useful in the preparation of liposomes as carriers of macromolecules.  相似文献   

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Es wird die Isotopenübertragung im thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht zwischen deuteriertem Wasser und Wasserdampf natürlicher Isotopenzusammensetzung in einen Inertgasstrom, in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur, Mengenstrom des Gases, Geometrie der Versuchsanordnung und Natur des Gases untersucht. Für die globale Übertragungszahl und den Gesamtwiderstand werden Beziehungen abgeleitet, deren Gültigkeit experimentell geprüft werden kann. Auf Grund der experimentellen Ergebnisse wird gefolgert, daβ für die untersuchte Isotopenübertragung der Diffusionswiderstand bestimmend ist.  相似文献   

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