哺乳妇女血、乳中三种元素含量检测

研究了哺乳期母体内血、乳中锌、铁、钙三种元素含量的检测。探讨了用一定量的基体释放剂，取少量血液、乳液经大倍数稀释，直接于原子吸收仪上进行测定。此法快速、准确、实用。     

家庭式产房及母婴同室300例临床分析

收集了自１９９６年１月至１９９８年１２月家庭式产房及母婴同室３００例，与同时期综合性医院在传统封闭隔离环境下分娩的３００例产妇进行对照。平均总产程缩短２ｈ，说明产妇得到亲人陪伴，有安全感，能减轻产程阵痛，促使产程缩短。同时平均泌乳时间提前９ｈ，说明母婴同室，早吸吮，按需哺乳，能促使提早泌乳。     

哺乳期母婴微量元素含量的干预研究

通过对陕西省西安地区营养正常的母婴进行干预试验,研究了在其饮食习惯下,哺乳期母婴体内锌、铁、钙三种必需元素的代谢情况,以及是否需要补充,给予适当的补充是否有害。     

浅析广州市花都区预防梅毒母婴传播的实施成效

目的了解花都区开展预防梅毒母婴传播阻断项目的实施成效,降低梅毒母婴传播率。方法对首次就诊的孕产妇进行梅毒筛查,对检出的梅毒阳性孕产妇进行规范治疗,并对其所生婴儿进行随访管理。结果 2012—2016年感染产妇孕期确诊率达71.18%,接受规范治疗率达53.02%,新生儿预防性治疗率75.8%,儿童3月龄梅毒检测率为50.86%,6月龄检测率42.55%。结论实施预防梅毒母婴传播项目,可以有效地阻断梅毒的母婴传播,降低梅毒母婴传播率,提高妇女儿童的健康水平。     

基于核酶开关的哺乳细胞内硫胺素焦磷酸荧光生物传感器的建立

硫胺素焦磷酸(Thiamine pyrophosphate,TPP)是维生素B1在细胞内的主要活性形式,也是糖、脂肪酸和氨基酸氧化代谢中重要的辅助因子.在细胞内,利用TPP适配体与天然核酶组装成的人工核酶开关调节靶基因表达,目前仅局限于原核、真菌或植物细胞.本实验将原核生物中筛选的“Switch-on”与“Switch-off"的两种类型的TPP核酶开关,运用重叠延伸PCR的方法构建于增强绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)报告基因的3'非翻译区(UTR),转染人胚肾上皮细胞(HEK293),通过荧光显微镜和流式细胞仪分析,观察了不同浓度TPP对EGFP表达能力的调控.结果表明,构建的两种“Switch-on”和一种“Switch-off”核酶开关均表现出明显的TPP浓度依赖性,且具有良好的特异性,在150 μmol/L TPP时分别将EGFP的荧光强度提高3.1倍、1.9倍和降低2.3倍.这种构建通过TPP与核酶开关中其适配体的特异性作用直接将TPP浓度的变化转化为报告基因表达的改变,利于通过荧光检测方法实现对哺乳活细胞内代谢物或因子的无标记、无损伤、可视、高效的检测.     

医院母婴日常护理工作评估体系浅析

对医院长期母婴日常护理工作进行了总结和分析。从长期医院母婴日常护理工作的实践和总结分析,提出了医院如何把母婴的卫生护理、营养护理和心理护理纳入产期日常护理工作评估体系的新见解,给医院的产期护理工作如何全面的评估和健康发展做参考。     

母猪产仔前后日粮中添加富铁宝对仔猪生产性能的影响

选择长大二元杂交母猪30头随机分成2组，在产前1个月至产后21d日粮中添加不同的铁制剂，研究母猪日粮添加不同铁源刘哺乳仔猪生产性能的影响。处理1为 对照组，基础日粮＋硫酸亚铁150rag／ks（以Fe计）；处理2为试验组，基础日粮＋富铁宝（甘氨酸亚铁）400mg／kg，并添加硫酸亚铁．使两处理铁的含量相同均为150mg／kg（以Fe计）。试验结果表明，试验组总产仔数、活仔数和初生窝质量分别比对照组提高了3．3％、3．32％和4．52％，仔猪日增质斛比对照组提高9．33％。以上研究结果表明，在妊娠和泌乳母猪锔粮中添加富铁定（甘氨酸亚铁）有提高母猪繁殖性能的趋势．富铁宝在改善哺乳仔猪生长性能方而优于硫酸亚铁。     

妊娠中期(孕中)产时产后乙肝母婴阻断多重综合干预的效果分析

目的探讨乙肝母婴阻断多重综合干预的临床效果。方法选取广州市花都区妇幼保健院于2013年1月—2014年1月收治的110例慢性无症状乙肝病毒携带者孕妇作为研究对象,按照传染程度分为第1组(高复制传染组)和第2组(低复制传染组),婴儿出生前后多次注射乙肝基因疫苗,监测乙肝病毒感染标志物(HBVM)及HBV-DNA。结果第1组母婴阻断率为65例(97.01%),宫内感染率2例(2.99%),第2组母婴阻断率43例(100%),两组乙肝母婴平均阻断率为98.51%,两组宫内感染率平均为1.495%;新生儿出生时第1组和第2组抗-HBs阳性率分别达68.66%、93.02%,半岁时第1组和第2组抗-HBs阳性率分别达94.03%、100%,两组抗-HBs(+)平均达97.01%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论通过妊娠中期、产时产后对乙型肝炎母婴阻断实施多重综合干预措施,提高乙肝母婴阻断率,有效阻断了母婴传播途径。     

液相色谱串联质谱法对母婴纺织品中12种致敏性分散染料的同时测定

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(HPLC-MS/MS),在多反应监测(MRM)模式下建立了同时测定母婴纺织品中12种致敏性分散染料的快速分析方法。样品用甲醇超声提取,提取液过0.2μm滤膜后,经C18反相色谱柱分离,由串联质谱仪同时进行定性、定量分析。结果表明,12种致敏性分散染料在各自的线性范围内线性良好,r0.998;检出限(S/N=3)为0.2~2.0μg/kg;在5.0~100.0μg/kg范围内的低、中、高3个加标水平的平均回收率为73%~116%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~12.4%。方法操作简便、准确可靠,将其用于市场上母婴纺织品的测定,结果满意。     

为2800对母婴上门提供保健服务的体会

主要介绍了深圳市妇幼保健院在国内率先推出的产后家庭保健服务项目,总结了为2 800对母婴上门提供保健服务的临床意义和社会效益.     

锌片上多形貌ZnO微晶的水热合成及生长机理

本文采用水热法以锌片作为锌原料提供ZnO微晶生长的养料,在锌片上制备ZnO微晶。使用蒸馏水、NH3?H2O、NaOH和丁胺作为矿化剂,生长的水热环境呈碱性。实验表明,各种不同碱性矿化剂浓度、分子结构及矿化剂溶液的饱和蒸气压都显著地影响ZnO晶体的生长习性,使得样品的最终晶体形貌呈现不同的特点。研究中利用XRD中各晶面衍射强度值数据对晶体形貌特征进行推测,并以SEM进行形貌验证,同时探讨了以锌片为原料制备ZnO微晶的生长机理。     

微波消解-ICP-OES测定蜂花粉中钙元素的含量

采用微波消解-ICP-OES法测定了4种蜂花粉中钙元素的含量,测定用标准曲线方程为：y=129．89 x-19．367,线性相关系数r=0．9998。结果表明,蜂花粉中含有大量的钙元素,4种蜂花粉中钙元素测定最高质量分数为1399mg／kg,最低质量分数为1171mg／kg,平均质量分数为1302．5mg／kg,可见蜂花粉是极具保健价值的营养品。     

X射线荧光无标半定量分析奶粉微量元素

采用X射线荧光光谱半定量分析方法同时检测了奶粉样品中微量元素含量,以奶粉中主要营养成分含量为依据,模拟计算其平均分子式作为平衡项处理。结果表明,采用模拟的平均分子式作为平衡项处理,测定结果与给出的标准值吻合。该法样品处理简单,分析速度快,无需建立校准曲线,方法的准确度符合分析的需要。     

Rhizobacteria in Mycorrhizosphere Improved Plant Health and Yield of Banana by Offering Proper Nourishment and Protection against Diseases

The corporate R&D banana orchards of Musa paradisiaca (dwarf Cavendish AAA, var. shrimanti) on a medium black alluvial soil with low nutrients harboured diversified species of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. These fungi infected the roots severely (69.2%), showed elevated (69.8 g(-1) soil) spore density, increased soil bacterial density (245 x 10(8) cfu g(-1)), produced siderophores (58.2%) and reduced nematode population (2.3 g(-1)) in the mycorrhizosphere of plants for integrated plant nutrition management (IPNM) system as compared to traditional treatment of applying chemical fertilisers alone and other test treatments. The interactions of plant roots with native VAM and local and applied rhizobacteria in the matrix of soil conditioner enabled proper nourishment and protection of crop in IPNM treatment as compared to traditional way. Hence, exploitation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria through judiciously designed IPNM system revealed the (a) relatively increased banana productivity (21.6%, 76 MT ha(-1)), (b) least occurrence of fusarial wilt and negligible evidence of Sigatoka, (c) saving of 50% chemical fertilisers and (d) permitted control over soil fertility in producer's favour over traditional cultivation practices. These findings are discussed in detail.     

288例孕前妇女血铅水平及相关因素和健康干预分析

为了解南京建邺地区计划妊娠妇女的血铅水平及其影响因素进行健康干预,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定了南京市建邺区妇幼保健院孕前门诊健康体检的288例孕前妇女血铅水平,并对其个人生活和饮食习惯等相关因素进行问卷调查,同时对部分铅超标孕前妇女进行健康干预。结果表明,孕前妇女铅中毒发生率为12.01%,经多元逐步回归分析确定,孕前妇女文化水平是妇女铅中毒的保护因素,经常食用皮蛋、膨化食品是妇女铅中毒的危险因素;健康干预方法对于铅超标妇女干预效果前后差异有显著性(P<0.01)。鉴于目前南京市建邺地区孕前妇女铅中毒流行率较高,对危险因素的预防以及健康干预方法能降低孕前妇女铅暴露水平,建议进行健康干预以促进健全婴儿出生,实现优生优育的目标。     

Identification of the metabolites of gigantol in rat urine by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry

Gigantol is a typical bibenzyl compound isolated from Dendrobii Caulis that has been widely used as a medicinal herb in China for the treatment of diabetic cataract, cancer and arteriosclerosis obliterans and as a tonic for stomach nourishment, saliva secretion promotion and fever reduction. However, few studies have been carried out on its in vivo metabolism. In the present study, a rapid and sensitive method based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q/TOF‐MS) in positive ion mode was developed and applied to identify the metabolites of gigantol in rat urine after a single oral dose (100 mg/kg). Chromatographic separation was performed on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 × 2.1 mm i. d., 1.8 µm) using acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid as mobile phases. A total of 11 metabolites were detected and identified as all phase II metabolites. The structures of the metabolites were identified based on the characteristics of their MS, MS² data and chromatographic retention times. The results showed that glucuronidation is the principal metabolic pathway of gigantol in rats. The newly identified metabolites are useful to understand the mechanism of elimination of gigantol and, in turn, its effectiveness and toxicity. As far as we know, this is the first attempt to investigate the metabolic fate of gigantol in vivo. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

孕妇微量元素的调查分析

目的 了解目前天津地区妊娠期妇女微量元素缺乏情况,为孕妇合理补充微量元素提供临床指导.方法 采用原子吸收光谱法对孕妇全血进行铜,锌,钙,镁,铁等5种微量元素检测,并对结果进行统计分析.结果 妊娠期妇女铜,锌,钙,镁,铁等5种微量元素缺乏率分别为13.2％、38.6％、26.2％、12.4％、23％.结论 加强妊娠妇女钙、铁、锌的合理补充,以保证母体健康和胎儿正常发育.     

Chemical composition of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seeds and its supplemental effect on Indian women with metabolic syndrome

This study aimed to investigate the effect of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed supplementation on the anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters, and blood pressure (BP) of Indian women with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Initially, in vitro antioxidant activities of pumpkin seeds extract were assessed using standard methods. In vitro alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibition effects, along with glucose uptake assay using 3T3-L1 cell lines were performed to determine the antidiabetic effects of the seeds extract. Fatty acids and phytoconstituents were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Indian women aged 30–50 years, having MetS were assigned either to intervention (n = 21) or control (n = 21) group on a random basis. Participants in the intervention group received 5 g of pumpkin seeds for 60 days. Participants in both intervention and control were advised to follow certain dietary guidelines throughout the study. Pumpkin seeds extract exhibited not only strong reducing power but also scavenged DPPH and ABTS^●+ free radicals with low IC₅₀ values. Pumpkin seeds inhibited alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and DPP-IV enzymes at varying concentrations with IC₅₀ values of 138, 22, and 246 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, glucose uptake was enhanced by 213% at 300 ng/mL on the 3T3-L1 cell line. GC–MS analysis showed the presence of propyl piperidine, flavone, oleic acid, and methyl esters of fatty acids in the seed extract. On comparing the changes in mean reduction/ increment in the anthropometric measurements as well as biochemical parameters and BP between the groups, significant difference (P = 0.012) was observed only for fasting plasma glucose. Findings of the present study highlight the role of pumpkin seeds as a cost-effective adjunct in treating MetS.     

济南市健康孕妇必需微量元素含量的调查

应用ＤＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法对济南市１０１例健康孕妇及２５例育龄健康孕妇血清中９种元素进行了测定，结果表明，除钴外，所测不同年龄，职业，文化及胎次的孕妇，其必需微量元素营养状况良好，作者还本文孕妇缺钴的原因进行了探讨。