Amperometric Determination of lndole-3-acetic Acid Based on Platinum Nanowires and Carbon Nanotubes

Platinum nanowire （PtNW） can be grown by electrodeposition in polycarbonate membrane, with the average diameter of the nanowires about 250 nm. The PtNW and multiwalled carbon nanotubes （CNT） are then dispersed into chitosan （CHIT） solution. The resulting PtNW-CNT-CHIT material brings new capabilities for electrochemical devices by using the synergistic action of the electrocatalytic activity of PtNW and CNT. By dropping the PtNW-CNT-CHIT film onto the glassy carbon （GO） electrode surface, and after evaporation an amperometric sensor for the determination of indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） was developed. The oxidation current of IAA increased significantly at the PtNW-CNT-CHIT film coated GC electrode, in contrast to that at the CNT-CHIT modified GC. The linear response of the sensor is from 50 ng/ml to 50 μg/ml with a detection limit of 25 ng/mL.     

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Indole-3-acetic Acid and Salicylic Acid in Pea Roots using a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Modified Electrode

Indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid are essential phytohormones with profound effects on growth and development as well as stress responses of plants. Accumulating evidence has suggested that these compounds mediate the same biological process by collaboration or antagonistic actions. Simultaneous determination of indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid may significantly improve the understanding on mechanisms of their interaction. In this study, the simultaneous determination of these analytes was electrochemically performed using a multiwalled carbon nanotubes-chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode. Based on differential pulse voltammetry, indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid were determined from 0.67 to 48.82 micromolar with detection limits of 0.1 micromolar. In addition, no interferences were observed from other molecules. This method was employed for the simultaneous determination of the analytes in pea root extracts. The approach may be extended for additional study of the interaction of indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid in plants.     

Amperometric Biosensors Based on Platinum Nanowires

Abstract

Platinum nanowires (PtNW) were prepared by an electrodeposition strategy using nanopore alumina template. The nanowires prepared were dispersed in chitosan (CHIT) solution and stably immobilized onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The electrochemical behavior of PtNW‐modified electrode and its application to the electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) are investigated. The modified electrode allows low potential detection of hydrogen peroxide with high sensitivity and fast response time. As an application example, the glucose oxidase was immobilized onto the surface of PtNW‐modified electrode through cross‐linking by glutaric dialdehyde. The detection of glucose was performed in phosphate buffer at –0.2 V. The resulting glucose biosensor exhibited a short response time (<8 s), with a linear range of 10^?5?10^?2 M and detection limit of 5×10^?6 M.     

Improved Procedure for Determining Free and Conjugated Indole-3-Acetic Acid by a Spectrofluorimetric Kinetic Method

Abstract

The Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ester-and amide-linked IAA in peach seeds were determined by a kinetic method based on the measurement of the Indole-α-pyrone derivative of the free acid. The free acid concentration was 355 ng/g of fresh weight, the concentrations for the ester-and amide-conjugated IAA were 877 and 1785 ng/g of fresh weight, respectively. The relative standard deviation was always less than 15%.     

Determination of the Phytohormone Indole-3-Acetic Acid by Synchronous Derivative Spectrofluorometry Following Acetic Anhydride Derivatization

Abstract

The very selective fluorogenic reaction of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with acetic anhydride, acid catalyzed, is used to perform an improved fluorometric method for the determination of nanogram amounts of IAA. The synchronous derivative approach used in this work provides significant advantages in the more relevant analytical figures of merit, especially in sensitivity and precision.     

用聚吲哚乙酸修饰电极测定肾上腺素

报道了聚吲哚乙酸修饰电极的制备，并研究了肾上腺素在该修饰电极上的循环伏安特性及测定方法。实验表明，在ＰＨ７．０的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中，用该电极测定肾上腺素的线性范围为１．０＊１０＾－７－６．０＊１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检出限为４．０＊１０＾Ｔ－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。将此法用于药剂中肾上腺素的测定，结果满意。     

吲哚乙酸在纳米金/碳纳米管/壳聚糖修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及其检测

以壳聚糖(CS)为多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)的分散介质, 通过MWNTs/CS膜上大量氨基静电吸附纳米金粒子(nanoAu), 使玻碳电极(GCE)表面形成稳定的nanoAu-MWNTs-CS-GCE修饰层, 并采用电化学方法初步研究了该修饰电极的性能. 探讨了吲哚乙酸(IAA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为, 结果表明, 在5～200 μmol/L浓度范围内以及0.78 V电位条件下, 以循环伏安法(CV)测得的氧化峰电流变化值与c(IAA)呈良好的线性关系, 其回归方程为y=2.34×10^-4+0.14x, 检出限为8.33×10^-6 mol/L, 相关系数为0.9997.     

Indole-3-acetic acid based tunable hydrogels for antibacterial,antifungal and antioxidant applications

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) based biopolymeric hydrogels with tunable anti-oxidant and anti-fungal character has been synthesized via condensation polymerization as pH-sensitive hydrophilic material.The present study focused on the synthesis of antifungal heterocyclic hydrogel using citric acid (CA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and ethylene glycol (EG) by condensation polymerization. The hydrogels revealed a pH-sensitive swelling behavior, with increased swelling in acidic media, which in turn has decreased the swelling in the basic media.The hydrogel samples were tested for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigates, Rhizopusoryzae and Candida albicans at different concentrations (500, 1000, 1500, 2000 μg/well). Ketoconazole was used as positive control and DMSO as negative control for antifungal activity. Fungi were increasingly identified as major pathogens in various infections. Hydrogels with antifungal properties may constitute an important restriction to fungal infections. The biopolymeric hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, ¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR, TGA, DSC followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The increased antifungal activity was monitored in equimolar composition more than that of other compositions. The antioxidant activity of ICE with DPPH and NO radicals has been compared with rutin. Such antifungal hydrogels with antioxidant properties is recommended for medical applications such as bandages, catheters, drains and tubes to prevent infection.     

以吲哚乙酸及邻菲咯啉为配体的镉配合物的合成、结构、荧光性质与抑菌活性研究

采用溶液培养法,在室温条件下合成了1种新颖的过渡金属配合物[Cd(IAA)2(phen)](HIAA=吲哚乙酸,phen=1,10-邻菲咯啉),并通过元素分析、红外光谱、X射线单晶结构分析对该配合物进行了表征.结构分析表明:标题配合物属于单斜晶系,P21/c空间群.晶胞参数a=1.243 47(10) nm,b=1.2...     

Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on Platinum Nanoparticles Combined Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Electrode

A sensitive amperometric glucose biosensor based on platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) combined aligned carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) electrode was investigated. PtNPs which can enhance the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode for electrooxidating hydrogen peroxide by enzymatic reaction were electrocrystallized on 4‐aminobenzene monolayer‐grafted ACNTs electrode by potential‐step method. These PtNPs combined ACNTs' (PtNPs/ACNTs) surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The highly dispersed PtNPs on ACNTs can be obtained. The enzyme electrode exhibits excellent response performance to glucose with linear range from 1×10^?5–7×10^?3 mol L^?1 and fast response time within 5 s. Furthermore, this glucose biosensor also has good reproducibility. It is demonstrated that the PtNPs/ACNTs electrode with high electrocatalytic activity is a suitable basic electrode for preparing enzyme electrodes.     

Selective Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol and Uric Acid Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Chitosan Composite

A multiwalled carbon nanotube/chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode (MWCNTs‐CHT/GCE) has been used for simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PAR) and uric acid (UA). The measurements were carried out using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). DPV measurements showed a linear relationship between oxidation peak current and concentration of PAR and UA in phosphate buffer (pH 7) over the concentration range 2 µM to 250 µM, and 10 µM to 400 µM, respectively. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for detection of PAR and UA in human serum and human urine with satisfactory results.     

碳纳米管负载高分散Pt纳米颗粒的制备及表征

近年来,碳纳米管(CNTs)[1]作为新型催化剂载体方面的研究[2～11]受到了广泛关注。由于碳纳米管具有纳米级卷曲的表面,与石墨烯相比其表面π键发生变化,从而导致新的电子结构[12],因此碳纳米管负载的催化剂在涉及电子传输过程的催化过程中具有特别的吸引力。燃料电池电极催化剂就是其中典型的一类[13～15]。已有研究者选用碳纳米管作为载体,将Pt[16～19]、PtRu[20,21]等具有催化活性的贵金属或其合金负载到碳纳米管上,展现出了很好的电催化氧化活性。然而,到目前为止,制备用于燃料电池的具有均匀尺寸和分散性的负载型纳米催化剂仍然是一项…     

基于Sol-gel膜和多壁碳纳米管/铂纳米颗粒增效的电流型L-乳酸生物传感器

构建了基于多壁碳纳米管(Multi-walled carbon nanotubes,MWCNTs)和铂纳米颗粒(Pt-nano)的电流型L-乳酸生物传感器。将Sol-gel膜覆盖在L-乳酸氧化酶(L-lactate oxidase,LOD)和MWCNTs/Pt-nano修饰的电极表面。实验结果表明:传感器的最佳工作条件为:检测电压0.5V;缓冲液pH6.4;检测温度25℃。此传感器的响应时间为5s,灵敏度是6.36μA/(mmol/L)。连续检测4星期其活性仍保持90%,线性范围为0.2～2.0mmol/L,且抗干扰能力强。在实际血样的检测中,此传感器与传统的分光光度法具有很好的一致性。     

Amperometric Urea Biosensor Using Aminated Glassy Carbon Electrode Covered with Urease Immobilized Carbon Sheet,Based on the Electrode Oxidation of Carbamic Acid

A large oxidation current can be observed when ammonium carbamate aqueous solution is electrolyzed using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) at a potential exceeding 1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl and amino groups are introduced at the surface of the GCE. Aminated GCE exhibits the electrocatalytic activity of the oxidation of ammonium carbamate that is produced from urea as an intermediate product of urease reaction, and a distinct oxidation current is observed when the aminated GCE is used to oxidize the urea in the urease solution. A novel amperometric determination method to detect urea has been developed. This method is based on the electrooxidation of carbamic acid produced during urease reactions. Urease is immobilized to polymaleimidostyrene (PMS) coated on the insulated amorphous carbon sheet set on the aminated GCE surface. A good linear relationship is observed between urea concentration and the electrolytic current of the urease‐immobilized electrode in the concentration range from 0.5 mM to 21.0 mM. The proposed urea biosensor has an effective merit in that the interference resulting from ammonia and pH change caused by the urease reaction can be eliminated, differing from conventional urea biosensors.     

A Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Chitosan Composite as a New Sensor for Simultaneous Determination of Acetaminophen and Mefenamic Acid in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Samples

A new chemically modified electrode is constructed based on multiwalled carbon nanotube/chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode (MWCNTs‐CHT/GCE) for simultaneous determination of acetaminophen (ACT) and mefenamic acid (MEF) in aqueous buffered media. The measurements were carried out by application of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) methods. Application of DPV method showed that the linear relationship between oxidation peak current and concentration of ACT and MEF were 1 μM to 145 μM, and 4 μM to 200 μM, respectively. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for detection of ACT and MEF in human serum, human urine and a pharmaceutical preparation with satisfactory results.     

Determination of indole-type phytonutrients in cruciferous vegetables

Abstract

Consumption of cruciferous vegetables has been associated with a low risk of developing cancer. Indole-type phytonutrients, derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of glucobrassicin, exhibit cancer-preventive properties and occur in all vegetables of the Brassicaceae family. A LC-Q-TOF-MS methodology was developed and applied in extracts from seven cruciferous vegetables allowing the rapid determination of indole-3-carbinol, indole-3-carbaldehyde, ascorbigen, indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-acetonitrile. The novel method described herein, was validated and is characterized by low detection limits and excellent linearity. The simultaneous determination of indole-type phytonutrients in turnip and radish was performed for the first time.     

罗丹明6G-I-作荧光探针研究吲哚乙酸-辣根过氧化酶催化体系中活性氧的产生机理

以罗丹明6G-I-为荧光探针,探讨了辣根过氧化酶催化吲哚乙酸体系中活性氧物种的生成,发现在此体系中可产生单线态氧、超氧、羟基自由基和过氧化氢等活性氧物种.利用活性氧氧化I-成I3-后与罗丹明6G形成离子缔合物将导致其荧光猝灭的现象,可实现活性氧物种总量的测定.相应吲哚乙酸浓度在0.21～262.8μg/mL范围内催化产生的活性氧的总量与荧光猝灭强度△F呈良好的线性关系.反应动力学研究表明,辣根过氧化酶催化吲哚乙酸产生活性氧的反应是一级反应.     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定氯霉素

研究了氯霉素(CAP)在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为.发现在pH=2.0的0.1 mol/LKCl-HCl底液中,CAP在该修饰电极上有一灵敏的还原峰(Ep=-0.36 V vs.Ag/AgCl),峰电流与CAP浓度成正比,线性范围为6.0×10-6~2.7×10-4mol/L,检测限达3.0×10-6mol/L.该方法灵敏、准确,用于模拟样品和实际样品的测定,结果满意.     

A Selective Simultaneous Determination of Levodopa and Serotonin Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Chitosan Composite

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon nanotube/chitosan (MWCNTs‐CHT/GCE) was used for the sensitive voltammetric determination of levodopa (Lev) and serotonin (Ser). The measurements were carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and chronoamperometry (CA). Under the optimum conditions the electrode provides a linear response versus Lev and Ser concentrations in the range of 2.0–220.0 µM and 0.5–130.0 µM, respectively, using DPV. The modified electrode was satisfactorily used for determination of Lev and Ser in human serum and urine with satisfactory results.