钠铝氟化物包覆BaF2材料上转换发光性能

采用水热法合成了一种非稀土上转换发光材料,由钠铝氟化物和BaF2组成。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其进行了表征,分析表明,钠铝氟化物主要以NaF和Na3AlF6两种晶态存在于BaF2晶体表面,形成化学复合,呈现包覆结构。荧光光谱测试表明,样品在583nm可见光和863nm近红外光室温激发下,均能产生304和324nm的宽波段紫外光发射。时间分辨光谱表明,发光均有一个上升和衰减过程,衰减大约自15ms开始,磷光寿命大于18.4ms。借助上转换发光能量转换过程对发光机理进行了研究,分析表明,发光源于量子限制效应的带间光吸收和界面缺陷的光吸收,发光机制属于量子限制效应-界面发光中心复合发光。     

TmP5O14晶体的上转换发光的研究

报道室温下TmP₅O₁₄晶体在脉冲DCM染料激光激发下产生的紫外和深紫色上转换发光现象.测量发现在300—500nm波长范围内主要有两组上转换荧光,一是较强的¹D₂→³H₆,³F₄的360和450nm的双光子荧光,另一是¹I6→³F₄的347nm的三光于荧光,发现了由 关键词：     

稀土掺杂的NaGdF4上转换发光材料的合成与发光特性研究

采用水热法制备了一系列不同掺杂浓度的NaGdF₄:Re(Re=Tm³⁺,Er³⁺,Yb³⁺)上转换发光粉。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描电镜(SEM)和上转换发射光谱对样品进行了表征。XRD研究结果表明:合成的样品均为六方结构NaGdF₄。估算的平均晶粒尺寸为41~43 nm。在980 nm红外光激发下,Er³⁺和Yb³⁺共掺杂的NaGdF₄发光粉发出分别来自于Er³⁺离子²H_{11/ 2},⁴S_3/2→⁴I_15/2跃迁的绿光和⁴F_9/2→⁴I_15/2跃迁的红光发射,Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺共掺杂的NaGdF₄发光粉发出分别来自Tm³⁺离子的¹G₄→³H₆跃迁的蓝光、¹G₄→³F₄和³F_2,3→³H₆跃迁的红光和³H₄→³H₆跃迁的近红外光发射。Er³⁺,Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺共掺杂的NaGdF₄发光粉的发光强度及红、绿、蓝光发射的相对强度受Yb³⁺离子掺杂浓度的影响。对样品中可能的上转换发光机制进行了讨论。计算的色坐标显示:可通过改变掺杂离子浓度对上转换发光的颜色进行调控。     

K离子掺杂增强NaErF4体系上转换发光

制备了一系列Na_1-xK_xErF₄@NaLuF₄的核壳纳米结构,核中K⁺掺杂摩尔分数变化范围为0%~8%。XRD分析结果揭示这些具有不同K掺杂浓度的纳米粒子均为β-相纳米结构。研究结果表明：随着K⁺浓度的增加,纳米结构中Er³⁺~650 nm处的红带发光强度呈现先增强后减弱的规律,当K⁺摩尔分数为4%时,Na_0.96K_0.04ErF₄@NaLuF₄纳米晶的发光强度达到最大,为未掺杂K⁺的NaErF₄@NaLuF₄纳米晶发光强度的3.7倍。其发光增强的原因在于K⁺的掺杂降低了Er³⁺微环境晶场宇称对称性,提高了Er³⁺离子⁴F_9/2→⁴I_5/2能级辐射跃迁几率,进而增强了Er³⁺的650 nm红带的上转换发光强度。     

ScF3，NaScF4，(NH4)2NaScF6的可控合成与上转换发光性能的研究

钪基氟化物化学性质稳定、声子能量低、无辐射弛豫概率较低,是一种新型高效的基质材料,并且Sc3+半径较小,能与多种氨羧络合剂形成稳定的螯合物,因而具有更加奇特的物理和化学性质,近年来,成为许多科学家研究的热点。以聚乙烯二胺(PEI)作为表面活性剂,采用水热法在反应温度为200 ℃时成功制备了ScF₃∶Yb3+/Er3+,NaScF₄∶Yb3+/Er3+,(NH₄)₂NaScF₆∶Yb3+/Er3+纳米上转换发光材料。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和荧光光谱仪对所制备样品的晶相、形貌和发光特性进行了研究,结果显示：通过改变反应物NH₄F和Ln3+的比例(NH₄F/Ln3+=1∶1,2∶1,2.5∶1,3∶1,4∶1,6∶1,10∶1,20∶1,30∶1,40∶1,50∶1)实现了对样品产物、晶相、形貌的控制。当NH₄F/Ln3+为2.5∶1时,生成了纯立方相的ScF₃;在NH₄F/Ln3+为4∶1时,生成了六角相的NaScF₄;在NH₄F/Ln3+为40∶1时,生成了一种纯立方相的新型基质材料(NH₄)₂NaScF₆,样品结晶度高,形貌均一,有正方形片状和足球状多面体;在980 nm红外激光的激发下,不同NH₄F/Ln3+比例生成的样品发光呈现桔黄→桔红→绿→黄绿等多种颜色的变化。实验表明仅改变NH₄F一种原料的用量,就可以生成ScF₃∶Yb3+/Er3+,NaScF₄∶Yb3+/Er3+和(NH₄)₂NaScF₆∶Yb3+/Er3+ 三种不同的产物,说明NH₄F的用量对产物的生成有决定性的作用,对晶相的转换、颜色的调控亦有重要影响。     

基于NaYF4的近红外激发上转换发光材料的发光特性

将Yb~(3+)作为协助发光的敏化剂,Tb~(3+)和Tm~(3+)作为发光中心的激活剂分别加入到基质氟化钇钠中,通过水热合成法分别制成不同掺杂浓度的NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Tb~(3+)和NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)双掺杂氟化物纳米发光材料,并通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射以及荧光光谱等手段分别对NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Tb~(3+)和NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)双掺杂氟化物材料纳米颗粒的形貌及其发光特性进行了研究.实验结果表明:系列样品的X射线衍射图谱衍射峰与标准卡片吻合得很好,实验浓度范围内Yb~(3+)/Tb~(3+)和Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)共掺没有改变NaYF_4的晶体结构.实验得到了该材料在980 nm激光激发下的上转换发光光谱并分析了该材料的上转换发光机理,NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Tb~(3+)在980 nm激光激发的情况下出现的蓝光,绿光以及红光,分别对应于~5D_4→~7F_6、~5D_4→~7F_5、~5D_4→~7F_1的辐射跃迁;NaYF_4:Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)在980 nm光源激发下出现强的480 nm的蓝光,对应的是~1G_4→~3H_6的电子跃迁能级带,在660 nm强的红光发射谱带,对应的是~1G_4→~3F_4能级跃迁辐射光.     

Yb3+和Er3+共掺杂的Y2O3,Y2O2S和NaYS2粉末材料的上转换发光

在980 nm LED激光器激发下,研究了Yb3+-Er3+共掺杂的Y2O3,Y2O2S和NaYS2粉末材料的上转换发射特性。比较了Y2O3∶0.20 Yb3+,0.03Er3+和Y2O2S∶0.20 Yb3+,0.03Er3+以及NaYS2:0.20 Yb3+,0.03Er3+粉末样品的上转换发光光谱,探讨了Er3+上转换发射对基质的依赖性,分析了S2--Yb3+和S2--Er3+电荷转移态对Yb3+-Er3+间能量传递和能级间跃迁几率的影响,借助于能级图解释了在不同基质中Yb3+-Er3+间的能量传递和Er3+的上转换发光机制。     

稀土掺杂材料的上转换发光

稀土掺杂材料的上转换发光是实现光波频率转换的重要途径,也是稀土掺杂发光材料研究的重要内容。本文从介绍与上转换相关的基本概念出发,阐述了稀土离子上转换发光的发展历史;对稀土离子掺杂材料的能量传递、激发态吸收、合作敏化、合作发光、双光子吸收激发及光子吸收雪崩等上转换发光机制进行了概述,并对各机制进行了比较;对不同稀土离子掺杂体系中上转换发光的机制进行了总结;对以往研究的稀土掺杂上转换发光材料的基质,包括粉体材料、晶体材料、非晶材料进行了概括;最后对影响稀土离子上转换发光效率的因素进行了分析,提出了在上转换发光材料的设计中应重点考虑基质对泵浦光及上转换发射光的吸收、基质材料的声子能量、稀土离子的掺杂方案及泵浦途径等因素。     

基质发光材料Na5Eu(MoO4)4和NaEu(MoO4)2的制备和发光

本文研究了化学计量的基质发光材料Na5Eu(MoO4)4和NaEu(MoO4)2.它们都属于四方晶系,空间群为I41/α .NaEu(Mo04)2属于白钨矿(scheelite)结构,一个晶胞中有2个分子式NaEu(MoO4)2(z=2);而Na5Eu(Mo4O)4属于类自钨矿(scheelite-like)结构,一个晶胞中有4个分子式Na5Eu(MoO4)4(z=4).X射线衍射确定的晶胞常数,对Na5Eu(MoO4)4,α=1.1439nm和c=1.1486nm(密度d计算=4.01g/cm3,z=4);对NaEu(MoO4)2,α=0.5236nm和c=1.1439nm(密度d计算=5.24g/cm3,z=2).由差热法和X射线衍射法确定了Na2MoO4-Eu2(MoO4)3的相图.Na5Eu(MoO4)4分解为NaEu(MoO4)2的温度是700℃.本文确定了制备纯 Na5Eu(MoO4)和NaEu(MoO4)2的方法,并研究了上述两种材料的激发光谱和发光光谱.确定了用X射线粉末衍射谱和发光光谱鉴别Na5Eu(MoO4)4和NaEu(MoO4)2的方法.在365nm紫外光激发下,Na5Eu(MoO4)4的发光比Na5Eu(WO4)4的强得多,在室温下,Na5Eu(MoO4)4,NaEu(MoO4)2和Na5Eu(WO4)4的相对发光积分亮度比为3.8:3.2:1.0.     

HoYb:YVO4的上转换发光研究

研究了960nm激光激发下HoYb双掺钒酸钇晶体HoYb:YVO4的直接上转换增敏发光,发现了Ho3+离子的上转换发光现象,HoYb:YVO4晶体的上转换发光是5F5→5I8最强,而5S2→5I8相对小了一个数量级,这是由于YVO4晶体既有很强的振子强度又有很大的多声子无辐射弛豫造成的. 关键词： 上转换发光 直接增敏(敏化) 钒酸钇YVO4晶体 Ho3+离子     

Y(PV)O_4:Eu~(3+)荧光粉表面包覆Y(OH)_3的性能

采用化学共沉淀法对Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+荧光粉进行表面包膜处理,获得了表面均匀包覆Y(OH)3膜层的Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+荧光粉。用SEM、XRD等手段对其表面形貌、晶格结构性能进行了表征。结果表明:在Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+粉体表面均匀包覆Y(OH)3膜层后,Y(PV)O4∶Eu3+的晶格结构、发光性能没有改变,亮度较未包覆的荧光粉有较大提高,且没有发生色坐标偏移现象。     

Highly Bright and Photostable Li(Gd,Y)F4:Yb,Er/LiGdF4 Core/Shell Upconversion Nanophosphors for Bioimaging Applications

Intense green‐emitting Li(Gd,Y)F₄:Yb,Er/LiGdF₄ core/shell (C/S) upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) with a tetragonal bipyramidal morphology are synthesized. The morphology and UC luminescence of the Li(Gd,Y)F₄:Yb,Er UCNPs are significantly affected by the Li precursors, and bright UC green‐emitting Li(Gd,Y)F₄:Yb,Er UCNPs with a tetragonal bipyramidal shape, i.e., UC tetragonal bipyramids (UCTBs), are synthesized using LiOH·H₂O as a Li precursor. A LiGdF₄ shell is grown on the Li(Gd,Y)F₄:Yb,Er UCTBs, and the C/S UCNPs exhibit 4.7 times higher luminescence intensity than core UCTBs. The C/S UCNPs show a high absolute UC quantum yield of 4.6% under excitation with 980 nm near infrared (NIR) light, and the UC luminescence from the C/S UCNPs is stable under continuous irradiation with the 980 nm NIR laser for 1 h. The hydrophobic surfaces of the as‐synthesized C/S UCNPs are modified to hydrophilic surfaces by using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) for bioimaging applications. They are applied to human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cell imaging and SK‐MEL‐2 melanoma cell imaging and in vivo imaging, including subcutaneous and intramuscular imaging, and UC luminescence images with high signal‐to‐noise ratio are obtained. Furthermore, sentinel‐lymph‐node imaging is successfully conducted with the PAA‐capped Li(Gd,Y)F₄:Yb,Er/LiGdF₄ C/S UCNPs under illumination with NIR light.     

Luminescence characteristics of Na21(SO4)7F6Cl:Cu+ phosphor

Copper-doped Na₂₁(SO₄)₇F₆Cl phosphor was synthesized via the conventional wet chemical method. The synthesis was carried using CuCl₂ and Cu (NO₃)₂·3H₂O as dopants in two different steps successively. The formation and phase purity of the compound were revealed by the X-ray diffraction pattern. Functional groups of the prepared phosphor were observed in the FT–IR spectrum. The emission along with excitation spectra were followed to explore the luminescence attributes. Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum of the material synthesized using CuCl₂ as the dopant was observed at 358?nm due to 3d^l0?3d⁹4s transitions when excited around 247?nm for various copper concentrations. Efficient blue emissions were obtained at peaks 423 and 469?nm for materials synthesized using Cu (NO₃)₂·3H₂O as the dopant, when monitored at 357?nm excitation. The Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage chromaticity coordinates for different copper concentrations were calculated for the emission around 423?nm. TL glow curves of Na₂₁(SO₄)₇F₆Cl:Cu phosphor for different dopant concentrations, irradiated with 100?Gy gamma dose, were studied and hence the trap parameters, namely order of kinetics (b), activation energy (E) and frequency factor (s) associated with the most intensive glow peak of Na₂₁(SO₄)₇F₆Cl:Cu phosphor were determined by using Chen’s Peak shape method. The results indicate that Na₂₁(SO₄)₇F₆Cl:Cu⁺ is a potential novel blue-emitting lamp phosphor and may be quite suitable for use in dosimetry of ionizing radiations.     

Yb3+:KGd(WO4)2材料的频率上转换发光

采用固相合成法 ,在 10 0 0℃烧结合成了一系列掺有Yb3 摩尔分数分别为x =0 0 3,0 0 8,0 10 ,0 12 ,0 15 ,0 18,0 2 0 ,0 2 5 ,0 2 8的KYbxGd( 1 -x) (WO4 ) 2 粉末样品。采用 980nm波长的LD泵浦源和RF 5 4 0荧光光谱仪 ,对这一系列掺有不同Yb3 摩尔分数的KYbxGd( 1 -x) (WO4 ) 2 粉末样品进行了荧光光谱的测定研究。结果表明 ,在 10 2 0nm处得到一个较弱的荧光峰 ,而在 4 76nm处得到很强的蓝色发光谱带。同时测定了蓝色发光强度与样品掺杂Yb3 摩尔分数的关系 ,随着Yb3 掺杂摩尔分数的增加 ,蓝色发光强度也随着迅速地增强 ,当Yb摩尔分数为 2 5 %时 ,荧光强度达到最大 ,然后 ,随着Yb掺杂摩尔分数的增加 ,蓝色发光强度也随着迅速地衰弱。当Yb掺杂摩尔分数为 8%～ 10 % ,10 2 0nm处的荧光强度达到最大。     

Thermoluminescence characteristics of Na3 SO4 Cl:X (X=Ce,Dy, Mn) phosphor

In the present paper Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Na₃SO₄Cl:Dy, Na₃SO₄Cl:Mn, of Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Dy and Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Mn phosphor were synthesized by the wet chemical method. Thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Na₃SO₄Cl:Dy, Na₃SO₄Cl:Mn, Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Dy and Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Mn phosphors were studied for 5 Gy γ-ray dose. In TL glow curve, two peaks have been observed at 129°C and 224°C for different concentrations of Ce and Dy, whereas Mn peaks at 212°C. The same host is also tried for Ce, Dy (peaks at 126, 219) and Ce, Mn (248°C). A significant single peak is observed in the case of Na₃SO₄Cl:Mn and Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Mn. This may be due to the effect of activators. It is found that intensity tends to be increase with increased concentrations of the activators. The TL glow curves of the phosphors have been recorded and irradiated at a rate of 0.39 kGy h^?1 for 5 Gy γ-rays dose. It is also found that all the phosphors are less sensitive as compared with Thermoluminescence dosimetry-CaSO₄: Dy for the same γ-rays dose. The paper discuses the preliminary TL characteristics and effect of γ-rays on Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Na₃SO₄Cl:Dy, Na₃SO₄Cl:Mn, Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Dy and Na₃SO₄Cl:Ce, Mn phosphors.     

微量元素掺杂对LED用红色荧光粉(Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu2+长期性能的影响

(Sr,Ca)AlSiN₃:Eu²⁺红色荧光粉在热性能和长期使用性能等方面还有一定差距,导致制成的白光LED在长期工作状态下发生光衰和色标漂移,影响了白光LED的品质。为解决这一问题,将微量碱土金属离子和稀土金属离子掺入(Sr,Ca)AlSiN₃:Eu²⁺中,研究其对(Sr,Ca)AlSiN₃:Eu²⁺红色荧光粉热性能和长期使用性能的影响。实验结果表明:Li⁺-Dy³⁺、Li⁺-Ho³⁺等碱土金属-稀土金属离子对(Sr,Ca)AlSiN₃:Eu²⁺红色荧光粉的光衰性能有较明显的提升,同时也显著减小了制灯后长时点亮的色漂移。     

掺Er^3＋离子Sr3Y2（BO3）4晶体光谱性能的研究

研究了提拉法生长的掺Er^3＋的Sr3Y2（BO3）4晶体的吸收光谱和荧光光谱。应用J—O理论分析并计算了光谱参数,得到唯象参数Ω2、Ω4和Ω6分别为11．90×10^-20cm^2、3．44×10^-20cm^2和1．92×10^-20cm^2。在Er^3＋：Sr3Y2（BO3）4晶体中,Er^3＋在1533nm波长的发射截面为1．00×10^-20cm^2,^4I13／2→^I15／2能级跃迁的荧光寿命和辐射寿命分别为0．58ms和4．10ms,良好的光谱性能表明Er^3＋：Sr3Y2（BO3）4晶体可能成为潜在的1．55μm波段的一种激光材料。     

共沉淀法制备Y(P,V)O4:Tm3+荧光粉及其光致发光

采用氨水、双氧水和磷酸氢二铵溶液作沉淀剂,通过共沉淀法制备出Y(P,V)O4：Tm^3 荧光粉,利用XRD、SEM、紫外以及真空紫外激发下的发射光谱对其进行研究。结果表明：共沉淀法制备的Y(P,V)O4：Tm^3 荧光粉的颗粒形貌好,在147nm真空紫外光和254nm紫外光激发下,荧光粉发射主峰位于476nm,色坐标范围为：0．167≤x≤0．200;0．146≤y≤0．183。从这些结果来看,Y(P,V)O4：Tm^3 体系还不能满足实际应用的要求,仍需进一步的深入研究以改善其性能。     

Comparative study of the spectroscopic properties of Yb3+/Er3+ codoped tellurite glasses modified with R2O (R=Li,Na and K)

Spectroscopic characterization of Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ codoped TeO₂–R₂O–ZnO–Ln₂O₃ glasses as a function of network modifiers (R=Li, Na and K) has been investigated. The Judd–Ofelt parameters (Ω_t), quantum efficiency in near infrared (1.55 μm) and visible up-conversion (546 and 660 nm) and quality factor spectroscopy (χ) were calculated. Three up-conversion emission bands centered at 525, 546 and 660 nm were observed as maxima for glasses containing potassium. The measured lifetime of ⁴I_13/2, ⁴F_9/2 and ⁴S_3/2 from Er³⁺ and ⁴F_5/2 from Yb³⁺ levels increased when potassium (K) replaced lithium (Li) and Na. The maximum emission cross-section (ECS) for ⁴I_13/2→⁴I_15/2 transition of Er³⁺ was calculated to be 1.02×10^?20 cm² for TeO₂–Li₂O–ZnO–Ln₂O₃ glasses. The energy transfer efficiency (ET) from Yb³⁺ to Er³⁺, (⁴F_5/2)+(⁴I_15/2)→(⁴F_7/2)+(⁴I_13/2), was calculated using the measured lifetimes of Yb³⁺ with and without the presence of acceptor (Er³⁺). The maximum calculated ET was 58% for 0.25 mol% of Er³⁺ and 3 mol% of Yb³⁺ for TeO₂–K₂O–ZnO–Ln₂O₃ glass composition.     

Optical and scintillating properties of Ce:Li(Y,Lu)F4 single crystals

We have investigated the optical and scintillating properties of Lu co-doped Ce:LiYF₄ single crystals with various Lu content. In the transmittance and absorption spectra, the absorption peaks at 243 nm get systematically red shifted in contrast to the peaks at 197 and 200 nm which get blue shifted with the increase in Lu content. At the same time, emission peaks at 306 nm and 200 nm under 295 nm excitation also get red shifted. The decay time of Ce:Li(Y,Lu)F₄ crystals under 295 nm excitation is found to be faster than that of Ce:LiYF₄ and Ce:LiLuF₄ crystals. The alpha-peak positions in the pulse-height spectra and decay times of crystals under alpha-ray irradiation are found to vary with the Lu content.