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1.
In this paper, we obtain a reinforcement of an inequality due to Brascamp and Lieb and a reinforcement of Poincaré's inequality for general logarithmical concave measures on Rd. The formula used in the proof is related to theorems concerning the integration of log-concave functions (such as results of Prékopa and of Ball, Barthe and Naor). We also obtain a lower bound for the variance of the same family of measures.  相似文献   

2.
A dual method is presented to solve a linearly constrained optimization problem with convex, polyhedral objective function, along with a fast bounding technique, for the optimum value. The method can be used to solve problems, obtained from LPs, where some of the constraints are not required to be exactly satisfied but are penalized by piecewise linear functions, which are added to the objective function of the original problem. The method generalizes an earlier solution technique developed by Prékopa (1990). Applications to stochastic programming are also presented.This research was supported by the National Science Foundation, Grant No. DMS-9005159.Corresponding author.  相似文献   

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The multivariate discrete moment problem (MDMP) has been introduced by Prékopa. The objective of the MDMP is to find the minimum and/or maximum of the expected value of a function of a random vector with a discrete finite support where the probability distribution is unknown, but some of the moments are given. The MDMP can be formulated as a linear programming problem, however, the coefficient matrix is very ill-conditioned. Hence, the LP problem usually cannot be solved in a regular way. In the univariate case Prékopa developed a numerically stable dual method for the solution. It is based on the knowledge of all dual feasible bases under some conditions on the objective function. In the multidimensional case the recent results are also about the dual feasible basis structures. Unfortunately, at higher dimensions, the whole structure has not been found under any circumstances. This means that a dual method, similar to Prékopa??s, cannot be developed. Only bounds on the objective function value are given, which can be far from the optimum. This paper introduces a different approach to treat the numerical difficulties. The method is based on multivariate polynomial bases. Our algorithm, in most cases, yields the optimum of the MDMP without any assumption on the objective function. The efficiency of the method is tested on several numerical examples.  相似文献   

4.
We present a unified approach to proving Ramsey-type theorems for graphs with a forbidden induced subgraph which can be used to extend and improve the earlier results of Rödl, Erd?s-Hajnal, Prömel-Rödl, Nikiforov, Chung-Graham, and ?uczak-Rödl. The proofs are based on a simple lemma (generalizing one by Graham, Rödl, and Ruciński) that can be used as a replacement for Szemerédi's regularity lemma, thereby giving much better bounds. The same approach can be also used to show that pseudo-random graphs have strong induced Ramsey properties. This leads to explicit constructions for upper bounds on various induced Ramsey numbers.  相似文献   

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Summary We prove that, if the initial data has moments inv higher than three, then the solution of Vlasov-Poisson has also moments inv higher than three. We deduce from this different regularity results on the local density, the force field or the solution itself. Also we give a new uniqueness result, and new regularity results for solutions satisfying only the energy andL bounds. Our proofs are based on a new representation formula and logarithmic estimates for the force field.
Résumé Nous montrons que, si la donnée initiale possède des moments env plus élevés que trois, alors la solution de l'Equation de Vlasov-Poisson a aussi des moments plus élevés que trois. Nous en déduisons différents résultats de régularité sur la densité locale, le champ de force ou la solution elle-même. Nous donnons également un nouveau résultat d'unicité et de nouveaux résultats de régularité pour les solutions vérifiant uniquement les estimations d'énergie et les bornesL . Nos démonstrations sont fondés sur une nouvelle formule de représentation et des estimées logarithmiques sur le champ de force.


Oblatum 14-I-1991  相似文献   

6.
Summary In this article we give rigorous lower and upper bounds for the sloshing frequencies of an inviscid fluid which completely fills a two-dimensional rectangular region with holes in the top. Our lower bounds are obtained by using intermediate problems with special choice and the upper bounds using Rayleigh-Ritz.
Résumé Cet article présente des bornes inférieures et supérieures aux fréquences d'oscillation d'un liquide idéal sous l'influence de gravité. La surface libre du liquide est composée de trous dans un des bords de la région rectangulaire remplie par le liquide. Les bornes inférieures son obtenues par des problèmes intermédiaires et les bornes supérieures par le procédé de Rayleigh-Ritz.


This work was supported by the Naval Sea Systems Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, under Contract N 00024-81-C-5301.  相似文献   

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This paper is concerned with obtaining upper and lower bounds for the eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville problems with discontinuous coefficients. Such problems occur naturally in many areas of composite material mechanics.The problem is first transformed by using an analog of the classical Liouville transformation. Upper bounds are obtained by application of a Rayleigh-Ritz technique to the transformed problem. Explicit lower bounds in terms of the coefficients are established. Numerical examples illustrate the accuracy of the results.
Résumé Dans cet article les bornes supérieures et inférieures sont détermineés pour les valeurs caractéristiques des problèmes de Sturm-Liouville avec des coefficients discontinus. De tels problèmes se trouvent naturellement dans la mécanique des materiaux composites.Après avoir transformé ce problème en utilisant un analogue de la transformation classique de Liouville, les bornes supérieures sont obtenues par l'application d'une technique de Rayleigh-Ritz au problème transformé. Les bornes inférieurs sont determinées en fonction des coefficients sous une forme explicite. Quelques exemples numériques montrent l'exactitude des résultats.


This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office under Grants DAH C04-75-G-0059, DAAG 29-76-G-0063 and DAAG 29-77-G-0034.  相似文献   

10.
Sans résuméPrésenté par G. Alexits  相似文献   

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Sans résuméPrésenté par G. Alexits  相似文献   

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Upper and lower bounds on the eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville problems with discontinuous coefficients are discussed. Rayleigh-Ritz approximations based both on Rayleigh's quotient and the dual Rayleigh quotient are used for obtaining upper bounds for the eigenvalues. Though previous studies have indicated that such approximations yield poor results when large discontinuities in the coefficients occur, it is shown in this paper by means of numerical examples that thesame rate of convergence can be achieved as for systems with continuous coefficients, provided the trial functions are allowed to have arbitrary jump discontinuities in their derivatives across the points where the coefficients suffer discontinuities. New explicit lower bounds in terms of the coefficients are also established. The accuracy of the new estimates is illustrated by numerical examples.
Résumé On discute les bornes supérieures et inférieures des valeurs caractéristiques des problèmes de Sturm-Liouville avec des coefficients discontinus. Les approximations de Rayleigh-Ritz, basées sur le quotient de Rayleigh et le quotient jumelé de Rayleigh, sont utilisées pour obtenir les bornes supérieures des valeurs caractéristiques. Bien que les études antérieures aient indiqué que ces approximations donnent des résultats médiocres quand les coefficients ont de grandes discontinuités, on démontre dans cet article par des exemples numériques qu'on peut réaliser le même degré de convergence que pour les systèmes á coefficients continuous, pourvu que les fonctions d'essai admises aient des sauts arbitraires dans leurs dérivées á travers les points où les coefficients subissent des discontinuités. De nouvelles bornes inférieures sont déterminées sous une forme explicite en fonction des coefficients. On montre l'exactitude des nouveaux résultats par des exemples numériques.
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Summary Using Poincaré's principle and the harmonic transplantation [3], upper bounds for the partially free membranes are constructed. The bounds for the first eigenvalue are isoperimetric; the extremal domain is the rectangle. Extensions to more general eigenvalue problems are indicated.  相似文献   

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Involutionn-aire     
Sans résumé Présenté par G. Hajós  相似文献   

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