2-(6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚反相高效液相色谱法分离和测定钌(Ⅲ)、钯(Ⅱ)、锇(Ⅳ)、铱(Ⅳ)、铂(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)

本文报道以2-(6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基酚作柱前衍生试剂,反相高效液相色谱法分离和测定钌(Ⅲ)、钯(Ⅰ)、锇(Ⅳ)、铱(Ⅳ)、铂(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)。在C_8柱上,用含有12mmol/L苹果酸,20mmol/L pH6.0醋酸盐的甲醇-水(73:27)溶液作流动相,检测波长为575nm,同时分离和测定七种金属络合物。各金属离子的检出限(S/N=3)分别为3.6μg/L Ru(Ⅲ),0.56μg/L Pd(Ⅱ),1.43μg/L Os(Ⅳ),17.15μg/L Ir(Ⅳ),6.5μg/L Pt(Ⅱ),o.11μg/L Co(Ⅱ)和0.093μg/L Ni(Ⅱ)。方法应用于阳极泥和贵金属矿样分析,结果令人满意。     

流动注射-胶束增溶光度法 Ⅱ.钙、镁的二甲酚橙-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵连续测定

本文建立了二甲酚橙-十六烷基三甲基铵体系连续测定钙、镁的流动注射分析法。在含有三乙醇胺的pH为10.5NH_3-NH_4Cl缓冲介质中(B_1),于585nm处测定钙、镁总量,然后于含有柠檬酸钠的缓冲介质中(B_2),于605nm处测定钙。用B_1钙、镁的线性范围均为0—8.0μg/ml,用B_2钙的线性范围为0—5.0μg/ml.本法的选择性高,进样频率为200样次/小时。对4.0μg/ml Ca的测定,相对标准偏差为1.38％。应用于自来水,井水和海水中钙、镁的测定,结果与AAS法一致。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定鲤鱼、河蚌样品中的铜、镉、铅、铬

建立微波消解–电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定鲤鱼、河蚌样品中铜、镉、铅、铬4种重金属元素的含量。以20.0μg/L的Rh作为内标,采用硝酸–过氧化氢消解液,用微波消解仪消解鲤鱼、河蚌等生物样品,在选定的仪器工作条件下测定。铜、镉、铅、铬4种重金属元素的质量浓度在1～100μg/L范围内与其质谱强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均为0.999 9,方法检出限为0.01～0.09μg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.30%～9.95%(n=6),样品加标回收率为91.0%～111%。用所建方法对黄鱼国家标准物质(GBW 08573)进行测定,测定值与标准值基本一致,相对误差均小于7%。该方法简单、快速,灵敏度高,重现性好,适用于大批量生物样品中多种重金属元素的同时测定。     

双-(4-二甲胺苯基)-安替比林甲醇-Triton X-100分光光度测定铋

最后酸度为0.11—0.14mol/L的H_2SO_4介质中,在一定量Triton X-100存在下,双-(4-二甲胺苯基)-安替比林甲醇可与BiI_4~-生成组成比为Bi∶R=1∶2的三元络合物,其λ_(max)=650nm。铋量在0—100μg/25mL范围内遵守比尔定律,ε_(650)为1.27×10~4,100mg Fe(Ⅱ)和Al(Ⅲ),5mg Fe(Ⅲ),150μg Cr(Ⅲ),108μg Ca(Ⅱ),100μg Co(Ⅱ),50μg Se(Ⅳ),7μg Pb(Ⅱ),6μg Sn(Ⅳ)、W(Ⅵ)、Ni(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ),5μg Hg(Ⅱ)、V(Ⅴ)和Cr(Ⅵ),4.5μg Mo(Ⅵ),2μg Sb(Ⅲ)和Cd(Ⅱ)不干扰测定。本法用于纯铁中微量铋(0.04—0.08％)及纯铝人工合成液中铋(0.04—0.1％)的测定,效果较好。标准加料试验的回收率为90—107％,操作简便、快速。     

加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取-气相色谱串联质谱测定土壤中的乙草胺

提出一种准确、高效测定土壤中乙草胺的分析方法。优化方法后,土壤样品经过预处理,加速溶剂萃取(ASE),固相萃取柱(SPE)净化,样液经气相色谱串联质谱仪(GC-MS/MS)测定,用空白样品基质液配标,浓度在0.005~0.2μg/mL范围内,线性相关系数达0.9998。对空白土壤样品进行0.5,5,20μg/kg 3个水平加标(n=6),平均回收率为89.3%~102.1%,RSD范围为2.9%~4.1%。此方法可用于实际样品测定。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱法同时测定血清中苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠和卡马西平

建立了血清中苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠和卡马西平的胶束电动毛细管色谱(MEKC)分析法。方法以巴比妥钠为内标物,10 mmol/L磷酸氢二钠溶液-30 mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠(胶束相)-15%甲醇为缓冲液(pH=8.50),恒定电压18 kV,检测波长210 nm。本法测定苯巴比妥和苯妥英钠两种药物的线性范围为2.5~80μg/mL(r≥0.9990),检出限为0.5μg/mL;测定卡马西平的线性范围为1~32μg/mL(r=0.9999),检出限为1.0μg/mL。方法快速、简便、结果准确,适合于临床应用。     

离子色谱-等离子体质谱联用测定热泉水样的砷形态

利用阴离子色谱与六极碰撞等离子体质谱联用的方法,在线同时测定水样的4种砷形态(As(Ⅴ),As(Ⅲ),MMA,DMA),并用于实际样品-热泉水中砷形态的测定.使用K2HPO4-KH2PO4为淋洗液等度淋洗,用Hamilton PRP-X100阴离子色谱柱分离,4种砷形态在7 min之内完全分离.调节淋洗液中K2HPO4与KH2PO4的比例可以优化峰的分离.地下水(含热泉水)基质、样品及淋洗液中的Cl-对砷形态的分离测定没有影响,淋洗液中的盐份在样品锥和截取锥上的积累对测定的影响很小.检出限分别为As(Ⅴ) 0.23 μg/L,As(Ⅲ) 0.30 μg/L,MMA 0.26 μg/L,DMA 0.54 μg/L.     

2-(5-羧基-1,3,4-三氮唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸-过氧化氢催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁的研究

研究了铁(Ⅲ)催化H2O2氧化2-(5-羧基-1,3,4-三氮唑偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸(CTZDBA)的褪色反应及其动力学条件,褪色反应程度与铁(Ⅲ)量在一定范围内呈线性关系,建立了测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的催化动力学光度法。在pH4.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液介质中,褪色体系的最大吸收波长581nm,Fe(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在0.0008～0.04μg/mL范围内符合线性关系,回归方程为ΔA=25.325ρ-8.02×10-3(ρ:μg/mL),相关系数为0.9977,检出限3.78×10-10g/mL,方法用于头发和面粉中痕量铁的测定,结果与AAS测定结果相符。     

1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-氨基甲酸酯类化合物的合成、结构表征及杀虫、抑菌活性

通过活性基团拼接的方法,将氨基甲酸酯结构和1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺有机结合,设计合成了一系列结构新颖的多取代1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-氨基甲酸酯类化合物(5和6),所有化合物的结构经核磁共振(NMR),红外光谱(IR),高分辨质谱(HRMS)及元素分析等方法确证.初步杀虫活性测定结果表明,大部分化合物对桃蚜[Myzus persicae(Sulzer)]具有良好的杀虫活性,致死率大于90%.精密毒力测试结果表明,化合物5b的半致死浓度(LC_(50))为9.49μg/m L,具有进一步研究开发的价值.抑菌活性初步测试结果表明该类化合物的抑菌活性一般,在50μg/m L浓度下少数化合物也表现出一定的离体抑菌活性.对此类化合物的构效关系进行了讨论.     

二(1-苯基-3-甲基-4-三氟乙酰基-吡唑啉酮-5)二乙醇合钴(Ⅱ)混合配体配合物的合成、表征及结构测定

以1-苯基-3-甲基-4-三氟乙酰基-吡唑啉酮-5(简称HPMTFP)和乙醇为配体合成了具有Co(PMTFP)_2·2C_2H_5OH分子式的钴配合物。对配合物的溶解性、摩尔电导、磁性、热谱、中红外光谱、远红外光谱进行了研究。用四圆单晶衍射仪测定了该配合物的分子及晶体结构。晶体属三斜晶系。P1空间群,晶体学参数:a=10.301(4),b=12.038(7),c=13.806(5);α=88.37(5),β=69.62(3),γ=81.70(5)~9;V=1587.6(1.3)3,z=2,d_(calc)=1.44g/cm~3,d_(exp)=1.46g/cm~3。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.