Modeling high density microholographic data storage: Using linear, quadratic, thresholding and hard clipping material characteristics

Crosstalk related raw signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER) of high density bitwise microholographic data storage is investigated by numerical modeling. Scattering and diffraction of light is calculated in non-paraxial scalar approximation. A multiple thin slice implementation of the perturbative volume integral equation is used, which can be easily parallelized. The effect of bit and track spacing, and the different local characteristics of the holographic recording material on the SNR, BER and diffraction efficiency are investigated. The results show that these lateral spacing parameters have much more effect on crosstalk noise than the number of layers. Using two-photon, thresholding or hard clipping materials generates less crosstalk noise at the same data density than a linear material, and the dynamic range of these materials can be used more effectively resulting in higher single microhologram diffraction efficiencies.     

体全息存储系统读出图像的放大率的补偿算法研究

在1∶1体全息存储系统的读出过程中,保证图像的不失真和降低误码率是最关键的问题。提出了一种新颖的放大率补偿算法,定量分析了放大率偏移误差对图像的影响,并通过理论推导和实验模拟证明了这一算法的可行性。     

Phase modulated gray-scale data pages for digital holographic data storage

We propose a method for gray level holographic digital data storage by using three-gray levels in the phase mode. Gray level data pages are displayed on a SLM operating in the phase mode to obtain a homogenized Fourier spectrum by suppressing the extremely high intensity DC component in the Fourier spectrum of conventional amplitude based binary/gray level data pages. Holographic interferometry has been used to recover the gray level amplitude data page from phase data page. Numerical simulation results are presented for three-gray level data pages. Fourier plane homogeneity, bit-error-rate, storage density, phase modulation error of the SLM, and misalignment tolerances are investigated through computer modeling. A comparison of the present method with the amplitude-modulated gray level case with and without using a phase mask in conjunction with the data page is carried out. An experimental demonstration of the proposed three-gray level phase data page method is also presented.     

Transmission type twisted nematic liquid crystal display for three gray-level phase-modulated holographic data storage systems

Gray-level data pages enhance the storage capacity of holographic data storage systems. A balanced three gray-scale data page in phase mode produces a homogenized Fourier spectrum which is regarded to be necessary for suitable exploitation of the holographic recording medium. A commercially available transmission type twisted nematic liquid crystal display has been characterized for use as a phase spatial light modulator with phase modulation in the range 0–3π/2 at 532 nm wavelength, such that it may be used for holographic data storage with binary as well as three gray-level phase-modulated data pages. Experimental results of the phase and amplitude modulation characteristics of the SLM, Fourier plane homogeneity, and recording of phase-modulated binary, three gray-level data pages and their reconstruction with a real-time holographic interferometric method are presented.     

Content-addressable Holographic Digital Data Storage Based on Hybrid Ternary Modulation with a Twisted-Nematic Liquid-Crystal Spatial Light Modulator

We propose and demonstrate the use of hybrid ternary modulated digital pages for content-addressable holographic data storage. Display of binary data pages with equal number of ZEROs and ONEs by modulating both amplitude and phase of beams using twisted-nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator, reduces strong de component and produces a more homogeneous spectral distribution at the recording plane. This technique facilitates better recording of all spatial frequencies, thus improving the discrimination capability of a content-addressable memory. Hence we get better results in associative recall in a holographic memory system, with very low number of false hits. An important advantage of the hybrid ternary modulation over pure phase data pages is that it offers a dark state for coding the undesired portion of the SLM while the search argument is small. The unique orientation of quarter wave plate and the analyzer blocks the light transmitted from OFF pixels leading to near total removal of dark signals. This in turn improves the system performance and reduces the number of false hits when the size of the search argument is small. Our experimental results show good discrimination capability and signal-to-noise ratio for a hybrid ternary modulation based content addressable memory.     

Holographic storage of three-dimensional image and data using photopolymer and polymer dispersed liquid crystal films

We present holographic storage of three-dimensional(3D) images and data in a photopolymer film without any applied electric field.Its absorption and diffraction efficiency are measured,and reflective analog hologram of real object and image of digital information are recorded in the films.The photopolymer is compared with polymer dispersed liquid crystals as holographic materials.Besides holographic diffraction efficiency of the former is little lower than that of the latter,this work demonstrates that the photopolymer is more suitable for analog hologram and big data permanent storage because of its high definition and no need of high voltage electric field.Therefore,our study proposes a potential holographic storage material to apply in large size static 3D holographic displays,including analog hologram displays,digital hologram prints,and holographic disks.     

用于WDM的多重体光栅曝光方法及层状体全息光栅的研究

本文针对层状多重体全息在红外通讯波段分光滤波的应用,分析了其布喇格匹配与衍射效率均匀性问题.给出了在LiNbO3∶Fe光折变晶体中制作层状多重体全息光栅的几种方法.利用双片光干涉在直接分层结构中写入了三层光栅,光栅层厚1 mm,层间距2 mm,每层复用了四个光栅.对这三层光栅的分析测试表明,12个光栅的衍射效率均匀,相邻通道间隔约3 nm.实验结果表明,这种层状结构的多重体全息光栅有希望用来组成具有大量通道数的WDM系统中的复用/解复用器件.     

Ruggedized digital holographic data storage with fast access

Recent investigations in holographic mass memory systems have produced proof-of-concept demonstrations that have highlighted their potential for providing unprecedented capacity, data transfer rates and fast random access performance (Heanue et al. 1994; Hong et al. 1995; Psaltis and Mok 1995; Bernal et al. 1996; McMichael et al. 1996). The exploratory nature of most such investigations has been largely confined to benchtop experiments which have ignored the practical constraints of packaging and environmental concerns. We have embarked on an effort to demonstrate the holographic mass memory concept by developing a compact prototype system geared for avionics and similar applications which demand the following features (mostly interdependent factors): (1) solid state design (no moving parts), (2) fast data seek time, (3) robust with respect to environmental factors (temperature, vibration, shock). In this paper, we report on the development and demonstration of two systems, one with 100 MB and the other with more than 1 GB of storage capacity. Both systems feature solid state design with the addressing mechanism realized with acoustooptic deflectors that are capable of better than 50 sec data seek time. Since the basic designs for the two systems are similar, we describe only the larger system in detail. The operation of the smaller system has been demonstrated in various environments including hand-held operation and thermal/mechanical shock; a photograph of the smaller system is provided, as well as actual digital data retrieved from the same system.     

全息透镜用于彩色胶片全息高密度存储

本文提出一种利用全息透镜实现彩色胶片全息高密度存储的方法。用红、绿、蓝三基色激光分别记录三个焦距相同的全息透镜,用三个全息透镜依次用三基色波长记录胶片的傅氏全息图,用原参考光照明再现,可合成彩色像。     

Quasi-Fourier transform hologram format for data storage

For a recording medium such as dichromated gelatin, a quasi-Fourier transform holographic memory is preferred over the exact Fourier transform. We proceed here with angular multiplexing and consider undesired reconstructed waves such as cross-talk noise, and show that the signal-to-noise ratio is 33 dB for 20 angular multiplexed elements in 25 μm thickness of the recording medium. We also study the energy coupling between gratings to standardize the diffraction efficiency of each multiplexed grating.     

反射式体全息存储角度复用新方案

基于体全息的反射式记录原理,设计并搭建了不同于传统透射式光路的紧凑型反射式体全息存储光路,提出一种新的采用双透镜共焦方法实现数据存储的角度复用方案.通过此系统实现了单点2 000幅图像的连续存储.实验结果表明,反射式光路可以增大全息图的衍射率进而提高存储图像的质量;而双透镜共焦方案易实现且便于控制,可以实现图像的连续存储和高准确度复用;同时减少了光学系统的复杂度,并把复用维度从一维扩展到了水平和垂直二维方向,提高了存储的密度.     

Compensation for misaligned data pages based on a three-pixel model in holographic data storage

To compensate misalignments between a detector array and a spatial light modulator (SLM) in page-oriented holographic data storage, a method based on a three-pixel model is proposed. Three neighboring pixels in one-dimensional direction on the SLM that make contributions to the center pixel on the detector are considered in the three-pixel model. Recursive solutions are carried out to recover the true values of the SLM pixels. Both simulation and experimental results show that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be doubled approximately by use of the compensation method based on the three-pixel model. The proposed method is appropriate for relatively small apertures, and has the similar effects with the equalization method, which effectively improves the SNR.     

番红花红T敏化的新型光致聚合物全息存储材料

制备了一种以番红花红T为光敏剂的新型全息存储材料,实验结果表明,该材料具有较高的衍射效率、曝光灵敏度和较大的折射率调制度等,最大衍射效率约38.5%,折射率调制度为0.547×10－3,在存储介质膜中存储了模拟全息图像,再现图像有较好的保真度,说明该材料适合用作高密度体全息存储介质。     

Shifting selectivity of collinear volume holographic storage

A paraxial equation for calculating pixel-based 2-D shifting selectivity of collinear holographic storage system is proposed. The equation shows that the broader reference pattern makes high shifting selectivity. In addition, both amplitude and phase modulation make no obvious change in shifting selectivity so shifting selectivity is not affected through advanced design of reference pattern. Besides, a simplified formula based on a point signal is proposed, which shows a clear physical insight that the shifting selectivity is the square of Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of reference pattern and does not depend on thickness of the disc when a point signal is applied.     

二芳烯材料在重复擦写体全息存储中的应用研究

二芳烯材料是一种性能优异的光致色变材料,具有很好的抗疲劳性能,一般能重复擦写上万次,而不损失其性能。通过体全息光栅记录实验、角度复用体全息存储实验、重复擦写及强光记弱光读等实验,对二芳烯材料在重复擦写体全息存储中的应用进行了系统研究。由于二芳烯材料具有很高的折射率调制度(Δn=1.15×10-3)、可多次重复擦写、强光记弱光读的准非易失等性能,在可重复擦写的体全息存储中具有广阔的应用前景。     

像素1:1匹配的晶体全息存储系统中像素位置偏移的补偿算法

在体全息存储系统的数据读出过程中,为了提高读出速度,需要做到SLM与CCD像素的1∶1匹配。但在实现1∶1匹配的过程中,如何降低误码率是一个难点。利用傅里叶光学成像理论,推导出了在4f系统中单个SLM像素成像的光强分布,并由此定量地分析了像素位置偏移对读出误码率的影响。提出了针对像素偏移的数值补偿算法,并获得了较理想的实验结果。     

泵浦光调制对Ce:KNSBN光折变晶体全息存储质量的改善

实验研究了泵浦光斩波、斩波占空比、斩波频率对两波耦合过程及光扇噪声的影响,结果说明斩波调制抑制了光扇噪声,Ce:KNSBN晶体体全息存储再现图像质量得到明显改善.     

双波长敏感的非水溶性光致聚合物存储特性研究

研究了一种新型的对红光和蓝光敏感的非水溶性光致聚合物材料的全息存储特性。该聚合材料由复合单体、复合光敏剂、复合引发剂、链转移剂及成膜物等成分组成,它具有防潮、后处理简单、分辨率高及耐高温等特点,对红、蓝光2种衍射效率均不低于75%,灵敏度为(45～65)mJ/cm2。对该材料先后进行了双波长复用存储实验和角度复用存储实验,当用红光或蓝光再现时再现图像清晰可见,相邻2副图像之间无明显干扰,说明该材料具有良好的存储性能,适合作高密度数字全息存储的记录材料,可用作光通信中的波分复用器及其他光学元件。     

体全息存储中输入方参数对输出信号的影响

借助基于 4F成像系统的掩模版模拟SLM实验 ,在国内首次实现 10 0 0× 10 0 0高分辨率数据页输入 输出像素一对一匹配的基础上研究了体全息存储系统输入方重要参数 ,如 :输入器件 (空间光调制器 )像素填充因子和输入图案组合对输出器件 (电荷耦合器件 )读出图像的影响 ,为提高全息存储系统输出图像质量、降低误码率提供理论和实验基础。     

体全息存储中二维交错编码技术的研究及实现

为了克服和纠正体全息存储系统中大量的随机错误和突发错误,数据在按"页面"为单位存入系统时,通常采用纠错编码、交错和调制相结合的编码方式来进行信息组页.文中提出了一种二维交错技术用于克服数据"页面"存在的突发错误,以提高纠错编码的纠错能力,并通过FPGA实现了块交错RS(255,223)编码码字在数据"页面"中的均匀分布.