离子排斥色谱-脉冲安培法测定电镀液中的游离CN-

建立了离子排斥色谱-脉冲安培法测定游离CN-的检测方法。方法使用IonPac ICE-AS1离子排斥柱为分析柱,以120 mmol/L HClO4为淋洗液,安培法检测（工作电极为Pt电极）。CN-的检出限为0.42μg/L（50μL进样,三倍基线噪音）;在1-1000μg/L范围内具有良好的线性（r=0.9996）。0.01 mg/L和0.1mg/LCN-分别连续进样9次,峰面积相对标准偏差（RSD）分别为4.0%和3.0%。用该方法检出了电镀液样品中大量的游离CN^-。对实际样品进行加标,其回收率在83%-117%之间。     

阴离子交换色谱-脉冲安培法检测味精中的硫化物

建立了阴离子交换色谱柱分离、脉冲安培检测器测定味精中微量硫化物的方法。味精样品经2 g/L氢氧化钠溶液直接溶解并过滤后直接进样,硫离子与高浓度谷氨酸等阴离子在IonPac AS7阴离子色谱柱(250 mm×4 mm)上可实现较好的分离。以100 mmol/L氢氧化钠-500 mmol/L醋酸钠-0.5%乙二胺为淋洗液等度淋洗,6 min内可完成一次样品测定。脉冲安培检测器检测硫离子的检出限(25 μL进样,信噪比为3)为0.3 μg/L,并具有较宽的线性范围(0.001～1 mg/L),样品加标回收率为94.2%～99.0%。应用该方法检测99%味精、增鲜味精和加盐味精样品中的硫化物,结果表明该方法具有简便快捷、高选择性、高灵敏度等优点。     

离子色谱法测定饱和卤水中痕量碘离子

建立了一种在线样品预处理、脉冲安培检测饱和卤水中痕量I-的离子色谱新方法。进样体积为50μL,选用Cryptand C1浓缩柱富集I-,并用10 mmol/L NaOH洗脱样品中的基体Cl-。用0.5 mmol/L NaOH将I-从浓缩柱转移到保护柱柱端。用IonPac AS20阴离子交换柱,25 mmol/L NaOH淋洗分离,结合脉冲安培银工作电极检测。I-检出限为0.07μg/L(3倍基线噪音);I-在5~1000μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系(r=0.9995)。50μg/L的I-溶液连续进样9次,峰高相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.0%。     

人血浆中游离氨基酸的离子色谱/积分脉冲安培法分析

采用离子色谱积分脉冲安培法,在AminoPae PA10色谱柱上,用250 mmol/L的NaOH溶液和1.00 mol/L的乙酸钠溶液为淋洗液分离血浆中的游离氨基酸,以Au为工作电极,pH-Ag/AgCl电极为参比电极,检测了血浆中的16种游离氨基酸,无需衍生,检出限为0.11～3.3μg/L,样品加标回收率在87%～117%范围内.     

高效阴离子交换色谱在易极化阴离子痕量分析中的应用

以45 mmol/L的 NaOH溶液作淋洗液,采用强亲水性的IonPac AS16阴离子交换分析柱和脉冲安培检测器,在15 min内分离检测了Br-,S2O2-3,I-和SCN-4种易极化阴离子,检测限(以3倍信噪比计)分别为0.5,0.2,0.05和2 μg/L (进样25 μL)。痕量离子的标准溶液平行9次进样测定的相对标准偏差为0.8%～3.7%。而在相同的色谱条件下,抑制型电导检测器对上述4种阴离子的检测限分别为1,1,2和10 μg/L,平行9次进样测定的相对标准偏差为0.9%～4.7%。通过实验比较可知,脉冲安培检测器的灵敏度是抑制型电导检测器的2～40倍。在测定上述易极化阴离子时,脉冲安培检测器具有选择性强、精密度好和灵敏度高等优点。     

高效毛细管电泳安培法测定芦荟中芦荟苷的含量

建立了芦荟中芦荟苷含量的高效毛细管电泳安培检测方法. 探讨了缓冲溶液种类、浓度、酸碱度,工作电位,有机改性剂及其操作电压、进样时间等对检测的影响. Na2B4O7-NaOH(Na2B4O7浓度为30 mmol/L)为缓冲液,工作电位为-0.8 V,体积分数为2.5%甲醇为有机添加剂,进样时间为10 s,在15 kV分离高压,pH=9.5的碱性条件下柱端安培法检测了芦荟苷的含量. 该法的线性范围为50～0.05 mg/L,线性方程Y=856.2+123.3c,相关系数r=0.999 4,检出限为0.01 mg/L.     

高效液相色谱-喷壁/薄层安培检测器用于同时测定5种环境优先污染酚

结合传统的喷壁式和薄层式安培检测器,制备了一种新型的喷壁/薄层安培检测器。 联合高效液相色谱（HPLC）同时对5种环境优先污染酚进行了检测。 实验发现,安培检测工作电极面积的增大会导致响应电流的增大,但同时也会增大噪声,因此,基于信噪比优化电极面积是重要的。 选用色谱柱SHIM-PACK VP-ODS（150 mm×4.6 mm）,流动相V（甲醇）∶V（0.1 mol/L PBS,pH=7.5）=40∶60,柱温40 ℃,流速1 mL/min,进样量20 μL,安培检测电位为1.0 V,紫外检测波长为220 nm,喷壁-薄层安培检测器不经富集对对硝基酚、苯酚、间甲酚、2,4-二氯苯酚和2,4,6-三氯苯酚共5种酚类物质的检测下限均低于1 μg/L(S/N=3),优于相同条件下的紫外检测器和商品电化学检测器。 用于实际水样分析亦获满意结果。     

离子交换色谱-脉冲安培法测定卷烟主流烟气中硫化氢

提出了离子交换色谱-脉冲安培检测法分离测定卷烟主流烟气中硫化氢的含量。样品中的硫化氢经含有100 mmol·L^-1氢氧化钠-400 mmol·L^-1乙酸钠-0.5%乙二胺-20 mmol·L^-1抗坏血酸混合溶液捕集后,以IonPacAS7阴离子交换色谱柱为分离柱、100 mmol·L^-1氢氧化钠-400 mmol·L^-1乙酸钠-0.5%乙二胺混合溶液为淋洗液洗脱,银电极为工作电极,pH/Ag/AgCl电极为复合参比电极,用脉冲安培检测法进行测定。硫离子的质量浓度在0.1～5.0 mg·L^-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限为1.52μg·L^-1。方法的加标回收率在92.4%～96.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差（n=6）在2.0%～3.3%之间。     

罗红霉素及其制剂的非水介质毛细管电泳安培检测

研究了非水介质毛细管电泳－安培检测（NACE－AD）罗红霉素的方法，着重探讨了非水介质、支持电解质、酸碱度和电极电位对分离测定的影响；以铂丝为检测电极，电极电位为0．93V，在以甲酰胺－甲醇（体积比1：1）为有机溶剂，10mmol/L乙酸铵－2mmol/L乙酸为缓冲液的非水体系中，并用样条小波最小二乘法进行数据处理，罗红霉素的检出限为0.1mg/L,在5－100mg/L范围内的线性回归方程为：S＝80．1＋73．1ρ,r=0.9994;用该法检测罗红霉素制剂，回收率为94％－96％，结果令人满意。     

毛细管电泳安培法测定脂可平胶囊中的姜黄素

采用毛细管电泳柱端安培检测对脂可平胶囊中的姜黄素进行测定。着重研究了缓冲溶液浓度和酸碱度、检测电位、进样时间和高压对分离测定的影响。以微Pt电极为工作电极,电极电位为 1.0 V,以V(甲醇)∶V(乙醇)∶V(水)=5∶2∶3为非水介质,磷酸二氢钾和硼砂(pH 9.5)为缓冲体系,并用二阶样条小波进行滤波处理,姜黄素在1.0~120 mg/L范围内,峰高与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程:Y=20.2 146ρ,检出限为0.02 mg/L。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.