芦丁-锗配合物的合成及清除氧自由基活性的研究

合成了芦丁-锗()配合物(Ru-Ge),采用红外光谱、紫外光谱法表征了配合物。试验了配合物清除羟基自由基(.OH)、超氧自由基(O2-.)和DPPH.自由基的能力。结果表明:芦丁-锗()配合物清除O-2.的能力与芦丁相当,但清除.OH和DPPH.自由基的能力明显优于芦丁。     

芦荟大黄素锌配合物的抗氧化活性

对比研究了芦荟大黄素和芦荟大黄素锌配合物体外抗氧化活性。以Fenton反应产生羟自由基,邻苯三酚自氧化反应产生超氧阴离子自由基,二苯代苦味肼(DPPH.)自由基为实验模型,采用紫外可见分光光度法,首次测定芦荟大黄素锌配合物对超氧阴离子、羟自由基、DPPH.自由基的清除作用。结果表明,金属锌离子与芦荟大黄素具有协同抗氧化作用。     

蕨菜醇提取物的抗氧化特性

采用二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH)体系、羟基自由基体系、超氧阴离子自由基体系,对蕨菜醇提取物抗氧化特性进行研究,并同Vc、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)进行比较.结果表明:蕨菜醇提取物对这几种自由基均有不同程度清除作用,对DPPH自由基清除能力最强,当浓度为0.6mg/mL时,清除能力已超过BHT,当醇提物浓度为0.8mg/mL时,清除率已达83.6％,但一直小于Vc.醇提物浓度为15mg/mL时,对羟基自由基的清除率为82.4％,对超氧阴离子清除率为52.6％,在实验浓度范围内,抗氧化性小于Vc和BHT.     

柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油体外抗氧化活性

以总还原力、对DPPH自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除作用、金属离子螯合能力为指标评价2%柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:挥发油总还原力和对DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用的IC50值分别为182.58、89.66、53.42μL。挥发油总还原力和对DPPH自由基的清除能力低于1mg/mL维生素C,而对超氧阴离子自由基清除能力和金属离子的螯合能力明显高于1mg/mL维生素C和0.5mg/mLEDTA。柳叶蜡梅叶挥发油具有较好的体外抗氧化活性,值得进一步开发利用。     

DPPH自由基清除活性的光度微量滴定模型及应用

传统的DPPH自由基清除活性评价方法以半数清除浓度EC₅₀为评价指标,但EC₅₀随DPPH初始加入量增加而增加,随分析体积增加而减小,因此,不同条件EC₅₀值不具有可比性。提出以DPPH与抗氧化剂相互反应的化学计量数比(R)作为评价DPPH清除活性的指标,该指标只与DPPH与抗氧化剂相互反应的化学计量关系有关,与DPPH初始加入量和分析体积等因素无关,解决了EC₅₀可比性差的问题。提出了测定化学计量数比(R)的光度微量滴定法,建立了利用滴定过程吸光度差(ΔA)与抗氧化剂加入量之间的滴定方程计算R值、以R计算EC₅₀的光度微量滴定模型,并利用芦丁对模型进行验证。结果：芦丁与DPPH反应R值在1.817～1.846之间,当DPPH加入量为1.12×10-7,2.24×10-7,4.48×10-7和6.72×10-7 mol时,分别计算得EC₅₀值分别为1.196×10-3,2.392×10-3,4.819×10-3和7.292×10-3 mg·mL-1。在此基础上,基于文献报道的芦丁清除DPPH条件,利用得到的芦丁R值计算出相应EC₅₀,结果与文献报道EC₅₀值相当。方法可比性好,样品消耗量明显降低,简单、成本低,结果可靠,为自由基清除活性评价提出了一种新的思路。     

柳叶腊梅叶总黄酮的体外抗氧化活性

采用超声波辅助法提取柳叶腊梅叶总黄酮,并以还原力、金属螯合性和超氧阴离子自由基、DPPH自由基清除能力为指标研究其体外抗氧化活性.研究结果表明,柳叶腊梅叶总黄酮具有很好的还原力和金属螯合性,还原力的EC50为0.090mg/mL,金属螯合性的IC50为0.122mg/mL;总黄酮对超氧阴离子自由基、DPPH自由基具有一定的清除作用,清除能力与总黄酮浓度呈明显的量效关系,其IC50分别为0.435、0.330mg/mL.     

槲皮万寿菊素-铁(Ⅲ)配合物的合成与性质

合成了槲皮万寿菊素(Quercetagetin)与铁(Ⅲ)的配合物,采用红外光谱与紫外光谱分析其配位情况。分析测试了配体与配合物清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼自由基(DPPH·)、超氧自由基(O_2~-·)和羟基自由基(·OH)的能力。在中性条件下,槲皮万寿菊素在A、C环与金属配位的可能性最大;在一定浓度条件下,槲皮素万寿菊素金属配合物对DPPH·、O_2~-·和·OH的清除率显然都要比槲皮素万寿菊素的自由基清除率高。     

密蒙花总黄酮抗氧化活性

用对DPPH自由基清除率来考察密蒙花的体外抗氧化活性大小,并与同浓度的Vc做比较。结果表明,密蒙花对DPPH自由基清除作用比Vc强,密蒙花是一种良好的天然抗氧化剂来源。     

分光光度法研究芦丁-铜配合物及其自由基清除活性

芦丁是天然多羟基黄酮苷 ,具有广泛的药理作用。分光光度法研究了芦丁与金属铜离子的配位性能 ,在 KH2 PO4- Na OH(p H=7.38)缓冲溶液中 ,芦丁与 Cu( Ⅱ )能形成 1∶ 1的配合物 ,并具有良好清除自由基活性。     

竹秆提取物的抑菌及抗氧化活性

采用滤纸片法比较研究了17种竹子竹秆提取物对水稻白叶枯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、番茄青枯和菌大肠杆菌的抑菌性能;并以IC50值作为评价抗氧化剂清除DPPH·自由基能力的指标评价提取物的抗氧化能力.结果表明:竹秆提取物具有广谱的抑菌活性,不同竹种对于供试细菌抑制活性不同;竹秆提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性,其中乌哺鸡竹提取物清除自由基效果突出,IC50为96.0mg/L,略强于同质量浓度的人工合成抗氧化剂TBHQ.     

Optical Activity of Benzil Crystal

Optical activity of benzil as an example of optically active matter in the crystalline state only, not in solution, is studied for the wavelengths ranging from 0.320 m to 0.585 m. Previously measured experimental data are approximated by the theoretical set of formulas, which were derived by the use of the three coupled oscillators model. The earlier published formula consisting of six terms differed from the experimental data particularly in the wavelength region (0.380-0.510) m. This formula is replaced by the twelve-term formula which was computed by our specially worked computer program for the interpretation of the experimental data of optical activity based on the Marquardt-Levenberg method of the sum of least squares minimization. The possibility of molecular contribution to the resulting optical activity of benzil is mentioned. The use of Kramers-Kronig transforms for the determination of the circular dichroism curve based on the optical rotatory dispersion result is shown. The theoretically computed circular dichroism is compared with the available experimental data.     

Activity driven adaptive stochastic resonance

Cortical neurons in vivo show fluctuations in their membrane potential of the order of several milli-volts. Using simple and biophysically realistic models of a single neuron we demonstrate that noise induced fluctuations can be used to adaptively optimize the sensitivity of the neuron's output to ensembles of subthreshold inputs of different average strengths. Optimal information transfer is achieved by changing the strength of the noise such that the neuron's average firing rate remains constant. Adaptation is fast, because only crude estimates of the output rate are required at any time.     

Neutron Activity of Thunderstorm Storm

The results of measurements of the diffusion neutron flux from the thunderstorm storm occurred in Moscow in the night from July 13 to 14, 2016 at a distance ~30 km from detectors are presented. An increase in the frequency of coincidences of four channels of two scintillation detectors by ~10% with respect to coincidences in the absence of thunderstorm is found. The neutron yield in a single lightning discharge is estimated as ~10¹⁰ n/s.     

Activity interference and noise annoyance

Debate continues over differences in the dose-response functions used to predict the annoyance at different sources of transportation noise. This debate reflects the lack of an accepted model of noise annoyance in residential communities. In this paper a model is proposed which is focussed on activity interference as a central component mediating the relationship between noise exposure and annoyance. This model represents a departure from earlier models in two important respects. First, single event noise levels (e.g., maximum levels, sound exposure level) constitute the noise exposure variables in place of long-term energy equivalent measures (e.g., 24-hour L_eq or L_dn). Second, the relationships within the model are expressed as probabilistic rather than deterministic equations. The model has been tested by using acoustical and social survey data collected at 57 sites in the Toronto region exposed to aircraft, road traffic or train noise. Logit analysis was used to estimate two sets of equations. The first predicts the probability of activity interference as a function of event noise level. Four types of interference are included: indoor speech, outdoor speech, difficulty getting to sleep and awakening. The second set predicts the probability of annoyance as a function of the combination of activity interferences. From the first set of equations, it was possible to estimate a function for indoor speech interference only. In this case, the maximum event level was the strongest predictor. The lack of significant results for the other types of interference is explained by the limitations of the data. The same function predicts indoor speech interference for all three sources—road, rail and aircraft noise. The results for the second set of equations show strong relationships between activity interference and the probability of annoyance. Again, the parameters of the logit equations are similar for the three sources. A trial application of the model predicts a higher probability of annoyance for aircraft than for road traffic situations with the same 24-hour L_eq. This result suggests that the model may account for previously reported source differences in annoyance.     

Sorption Activity of Silver Nanoparticles

Russian Physics Journal - The absorption activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the surface of fibers of natural and artificial origin is estimated. In addition, it is determined that the...     

Activity spectrum from waiting-time distribution

In high frequency financial data not only returns but also waiting times between trades are random variables. In this work, we analyze the spectra of the waiting-time processes for tick-by-tick trades. The numerical problem, strictly related with the real inversion of Laplace transforms, is analyzed by using Tikhonov's regularization method. We also analyze these spectra by a rough method using a comb of Dirac's delta functions.     

Activity autocorrelation in financial markets

We study the activity of financial markets, i.e., the number of transactions per unit of time. Using the diffusion entropy technique we show that the autocorrelation of the activity is caused by the presence of peaks whose time distances are distributed following an asymptotic power-law which ultimately recovers an exponential behavior. We discuss these results in comparison with ARCH models, stochastic volatility models and multi-agent models showing that ARCH and stochastic volatility models better describe the observed experimental evidences.Received: 15 March 2004, Published online: 8 June 2004PACS: 89.65.Gh Economics; econophysics, financial markets, business and management - 05.45.Tp Time series analysis - 05.40.-a Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion