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薄膜拉伸褶皱失稳力学进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
薄膜拉伸起皱现象在自然界和现代工业中普遍存在,在过去二十年里,引发了学者们极大的研究兴趣.这种起皱失稳行为源自薄膜能与弯曲能之间的非线性竞争.我们回顾从本世纪初至今薄膜拉伸褶皱失稳力学研究进展,将其分为两个阶段:前十年的研究主要局限于薄膜小应变(~1 %)起皱现象,而后十年的兴趣主要集中在有限应变起皱-再稳定(孤立中心分岔)行为,在过度拉伸(~30 %)时褶皱最终消失.定量理解、预测和追踪这种强非线性力学行为的需求推进了有限应变板壳理论和数值计算方法的发展,不仅促进了对薄膜起皱-消皱机理的深入理解,也为无褶皱膜结构设计和薄膜表面形貌调控提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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基底上薄膜结构中的过大残余压应力常常通过屈曲不稳定性诱发薄膜结构和功能的失效。屈曲不稳定性、演化与斑图形成是近年来非线性力学研究的热点。此类屈曲不稳定性受薄膜-基底的力学性质以及界面相互作用影响,进而呈现出复杂的屈曲模式如褶皱、翘曲和折痕等。论文简要综述褶皱、翘曲和折痕等屈曲模式的形成机制、影响因素和后屈曲形貌相关方面的进展。褶皱部分,重点介绍了褶皱的形成、多级褶皱结构、局域化的褶皱、各向异性褶皱和曲面上的褶皱。翘曲部分,介绍了翘曲结构包括一维翘曲结构、“电话线”屈曲泡,网络状屈曲泡等的形成与生长过程,并讨论了曲面几何、界面滑移、开裂等因素的影响。折痕及其它复杂屈曲模式部分,介绍了折痕、叠痕及隆起失稳的形成机制与临界条件. 相似文献
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柔性薄膜结构广泛应用于航天飞行器的关键部件.形面平整度是影响薄膜结构性能的主要因素之一.褶皱幅值是评价薄膜反射面天线形面平整度的重要指标.褶皱幅值的大小与垂直于褶皱方向的横向应变密切相关.本文基于薄板稳定性理论,针对对角受拉方形薄膜建立了一个能够准确预测其褶皱变形幅值的理论模型.该模型考虑了横向拉伸力对薄膜变形的影响,将垂直于褶皱方向的位移分解为由泊松效应造成的横向收缩位移、由面外变形造成的褶皱位移以及由横向拉伸力造成的拉伸位移三个部分,重新推导了褶皱幅值的理论公式. 基于数字图像相关技术,对受拉方形薄膜进行了散斑实验测试. 利用双目视觉三维测量系统,测量了方形薄膜的三维位移场, 获得了薄膜的三维变形形貌和褶皱波形图,研究了褶皱幅值与拉伸载荷之间的非线性关系. 与已有理论模型相比,该模型进一步提高了褶皱幅值的计算精度, 与实验结果吻合良好.本文呈现的理论研究可为精确数值模型的建立及算法实现提供有意义的指导. 相似文献
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柔性薄膜结构广泛应用于航天飞行器的关键部件.形面平整度是影响薄膜结构性能的主要因素之一.褶皱幅值是评价薄膜反射面天线形面平整度的重要指标.褶皱幅值的大小与垂直于褶皱方向的横向应变密切相关.本文基于薄板稳定性理论,针对对角受拉方形薄膜建立了一个能够准确预测其褶皱变形幅值的理论模型.该模型考虑了横向拉伸力对薄膜变形的影响,将垂直于褶皱方向的位移分解为由泊松效应造成的横向收缩位移、由面外变形造成的褶皱位移以及由横向拉伸力造成的拉伸位移三个部分,重新推导了褶皱幅值的理论公式.基于数字图像相关技术,对受拉方形薄膜进行了散斑实验测试.利用双目视觉三维测量系统,测量了方形薄膜的三维位移场,获得了薄膜的三维变形形貌和褶皱波形图,研究了褶皱幅值与拉伸载荷之间的非线性关系.与已有理论模型相比,该模型进一步提高了褶皱幅值的计算精度,与实验结果吻合良好.本文呈现的理论研究可为精确数值模型的建立及算法实现提供有意义的指导. 相似文献
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空间薄膜结构的褶皱研究进展 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
大型柔性薄膜结构是目前国际上十分关注的可满足多项空间任务需要的新型空间结构. 由于薄膜材料柔性且抵抗压缩应力作用的能力十分有限, 因此这些空间结构在轨时多处于带有褶皱的工作状态. 褶皱的存在会改变结构的力学性能且会影响结构表面形状, 因此开展薄膜褶皱研究对柔性结构的设计和力学性能评价等具有重要意义. 本文综述了空间薄膜结构褶皱研究的发展和现状, 重点介绍了薄膜褶皱的理论研究概况, 并讨论了其中存在的问题.根据褶皱研究的最新进展对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
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当上层超弹性硬质薄膜和下层可膨胀基底构成的双层结构受压时,薄膜的自由表面可通过形成褶皱降低系统能量.研究表明,上下两层的模量比不同时,上层弹性硬质薄膜将表现出不同的表面失稳模式.本文提出了一种新颖的方法可有效抑制双层软材料的表面失稳,即改变基底材料的泊松比,这种方法同时适用于不具有应变硬化的软材料.首先基于Neo-Hookean模型发展了小变形条件下双层结构表面失稳的理论模型,通过半解析的方法得到了表面失稳的临界应变;然后通过有限元计算与模拟,进一步验证了负泊松比基底可延缓表面失稳.结果表明:(1)当双层结构基底泊松比为正且趋于0.5(不可压缩)时,双层结构在较小的压缩应变下出现表面失稳;(2)当基底的泊松比为负且趋于-1时,可被压缩至46%而不出现表面失稳,即可膨胀基底能有效抑制薄膜的表面失稳.本文发展的方法及主要结果可为延展性电子器件的设计提供指导. 相似文献
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空间薄膜结构的褶皱形变预测 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
空间充气结构技术是一项全新的空间结构构建技术,基于该技术的空间充气结构是未来空间任务的主要需求对象.该结构主要由薄膜构成,因此结构形面精度的保持是关键问题.褶皱是薄膜特有的现象,它的存在会严重影响结构形面精度,因此进行褶皱研究很有必要.根据屈曲理论联合薄膜褶皱的实际构型建立了薄膜结构褶皱的预测模型,分析了矩形平面薄膜受面内水平剪切情况下的褶皱,得到了褶皱幅度和褶皱波长以及薄膜结构产生褶皱时的临界压缩应力,通过与已有文献结果及本文实验结果的比较验证了该分析方法的有效性和结果的正确性. 相似文献
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MICROMECHANICS OF MACROELECTRONICS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Zhigang Suo Joost Vlassa Sigurd Wagner 《中国颗粒学报》2005,3(6):321-328
The advent of flat-panel displays has opened the era of macroelectronics. Enthusiasm is gathering to develop macroelectronics as a platform for many technologies, ranging from paper-like displays to thin-film solar cells, technologies that aim to address the essential societal needs for easily accessible information, renewable energy, and sustainable environment. The widespread use of these large structures will depend on their ruggedness, portability and low cost, attributes that will come from new material choices and new manufacturing processes. For example, thin-film devices on thin polymer substrates lend themselves to roll-to-roll fabrication, and impart flexibility to the products. These large structures will have diverse architectures, hybrid materials, and small features; their mechanical behavior during manufacturing and use poses significant challenges to the creation of the new technologies. This paper describes ongoing work in the emerging field of research - the mechanics of macroelectronics, with emphasis on the mechanical behavior at the scale of individual features, and over a long time. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Solids and Structures》2005,42(9-10):3001-3025
Presented is a total-Lagrangian displacement-based non-linear finite-element model of thin-film membranes for static and dynamic large-displacement analyses. The membrane theory fully accounts for geometric non-linearities. Fully non-linear static analysis followed by linear modal analysis is performed for an inflated circular cylindrical Kapton membrane tube under different pressures, and for a rectangular membrane under different tension loads at four corners. Finite-element results show that shell modes dominate the dynamics of the inflated tube when the inflation pressure is low, and that vibration modes localized along four edges dominate the dynamics of the rectangular membrane. Numerical dynamic characteristics of the two membrane structures were experimentally verified using a Polytec PI PSV-200 scanning laser vibrometer and an EAGLE-500 8-camera motion analysis system. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Solids and Structures》2005,42(2):647-661
This paper presents a novel experimental–theoretical method to investigate the strength of structures having complex geometries, which are commonly used in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). It involves the stretching to failure of freestanding thin-film membranes, in a fixed–fixed configuration, containing micro-fabricated sharp cracks, blunt notches and re-entrant corners. The defects, made by nanoindentation and focused ion beam milling, are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MEMS structures made of ultra-nano-crystalline-diamond (UNCD), a material developed at Argonne National Laboratory, were investigated using this methodology. A theory to predict the strength of microstructures with defects is proposed and compared with experimental results. It is shown that fracture mechanics general concepts can be applied with confidence in the design of MEMS. An experimental methodology and formulas to predict strength of MEMS structures possessing defects of various geometries are provided. 相似文献
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Long-yuan LI D. EASTERBROOK 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》2014,35(1):25-32
Free torsion of thin-walled structures of open- and closed-sections is a classical elastic mechanics problem, which, in literature, is often solved by the method of membrane analogy. The method of membrane analogy, however, can be only applied to structures of a single material. If the structure consists of both open- and closed-sections, the method of membrane analogy is difficult to be applied. In this paper, a new method is presented for solving the free torsion of thin-walled structures of open- and/or closed- sections with multiple materials. By utilizing a simple statically indeterminate concept, torsional equations are derived based on the equilibrium and compatibility conditions. The method presented here not only is very simple and easy to understand but also can be applied to thin-walled structures of combined open- and closed-sections with multiple materials. 相似文献
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Rasa Kazakevicˇiūt?-Makovska 《International Journal of Non》2010,45(2):186-192
The equations governing large deformations of hybrid structures are derived from basic principles of mechanics. The considered structures comprise membrane elements with strings arranged inside and possibly along boundaries of the entire structure. No special assumptions are imposed on the mechanical properties of membrane and string elements. The principle of virtual work is formulated under weak continuity hypotheses so that the derived theory takes into account general types of membrane-string attachments. The theory of mechanical constitutive equations for the considered structures is developed and the form of elastic constitutive equations is discussed. A number of specific aspects of string-membrane interactions are analyzed and possible applications of the developed theory are indicated. 相似文献
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流动聚焦是一种有效的微细射流产生方法,其原理可以描述为从毛细管流出的流体由另一种高速运动的流体驱动,经小孔聚焦后形成稳定的锥–射流结构,射流因不稳定性破碎成单分散的液滴.自从1998年流动聚焦被提出以来,陆续发展了单轴流动聚焦、电流动聚焦、复合流动聚焦和微流控流动聚焦等毛细流动技术.这些技术稳定、易操作、没有苛刻的环境条件的要求,能够制备单分散性较好的微纳米量级的液滴、颗粒和胶囊,在科学研究和实际应用中具有重要价值.流动聚焦涉及了多尺度、多界面和多场耦合的复杂流体力学问题,其中稳定的锥形是形成稳定射流的先决条件,过程参数是影响射流界面扰动发展的关键因素,而射流不稳定性分析是揭示射流破碎的最主要理论工具.该文回顾了近二十年来不同结构流动聚焦的研究进展,概述这些技术涉及的过程控制、流动模式、尺度律和不稳定性分析等关键力学问题,总结射流不稳定性的研究方法和已取得的成果,最后展望流动聚焦的研究方向和应用前景. 相似文献