基于多巴胺表面改性技术研究现状

海洋贻贝类生物通过足丝分泌的黏附蛋白,在潮湿环境中可以短时间固化,并紧固黏附在基质表面.研究表明,3,4-二羟基-L-苯基丙氨酸(多巴,DOPA)是这种黏附蛋白中的重要组成部分.多巴胺(DA)作为DOPA的一种衍生物,拥有同样的强黏附性.且多巴胺的自聚合产物聚多巴胺(PDA)存在许多官能团,如邻苯二酚、胺、亚胺,这些官...     

仿贻贝黏附高分子的研究进展

贻贝具有极强的水下黏附能力,其分泌的黏附蛋白能够黏附在包括聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）在内的几乎所有基底材料上。贻贝不受水或者潮湿环境影响的特殊黏附性能有望指导制备新型水下黏附剂,因而引起了研究人员极大的关注。受贻贝水下黏附机理的启发,通过模仿贻贝黏附蛋白分子结构,研究人员设计制备了多种具有强黏附功能的高分子并探索了相关应用...     

仿壁虎和贻贝黏附材料

自然界中的动物和植物经过45亿年长期的进化使其结构与功能达到近乎完美的程度,实现了结构与功能的统一。黏附材料在生物医学、建筑等领域都具有重要的应用价值。受自然界中具有优异黏附特性的生物材料启发(如壁虎、贻贝等),国内外许多课题组相继开展了仿生黏附材料的研究。根据黏附机理的不同,黏附材料大致可分为可逆黏附和永久黏附两大类。壁虎的可逆黏附是基于其脚趾多尺度微纳结构与接触面间的范德华力,贻贝的永久黏附则源自其分泌的黏附蛋白。本文就壁虎、贻贝及其他生物黏附材料的黏附机理及其相应仿生黏附材料的国内外研究现状进行简要的综述,并对该领域未来的发展方向作了展望。     

Maps强力黏附单元DOPA二联体与HClO反应的理论研究

应用量子化学从头算HF/3-21G方法,在全局优化中确定贻贝黏附蛋白的强力粘附单元DOPA二联体的几何构型、各原子电荷分布及热力学参数.计算表明:DOPA二联体易与HClO发生亲电取代反应生成2-氯-4-酮-5羟基-苯丙氨酸,破坏了贻贝内超强黏附单元DOPA二联体的结构,降低粘附蛋白内粘性;热力学性质的ΔH放热为88.712 kJ/mol,吉布斯自由能变ΔG恒小于0,较易自发正向进行.     

仿贻贝粘性高分子的应用进展

海洋贻贝类生物的足丝分泌蛋白几乎能够在所有基底材料上实现高强度、高韧性的粘附,且不受水或者潮湿环境影响。这种环境友好、条件温和的高效生物粘附剂引起了研究人员的兴趣,尤其在粘附机理和应用前景方面更是研究人员关注的重点。大量研究表明,贻贝超强的粘附能力与其分泌的粘附蛋白中高含量的3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸(多巴,DOPA)单元相关。受贻贝粘附蛋白的启发,人们研究发现,多巴胺(DA)分子具有与之相似的官能团,聚合后有相似分子结构,使用聚多巴胺替代聚多巴,可以在基体表面达到相似的粘附性能。本文简单介绍了仿贻贝粘性物质中的代表多巴胺自聚合形成聚多巴胺(PDA)与粘附机理,并重点介绍了近年来DOPA衍生物在表面改性、催化、生物防污及生物医学领域的应用和前景。     

聚合物基仿生医用胶黏剂的开发与应用

生物医用胶黏剂有望代替手术缝合线用于伤口闭合,可广泛用于皮肤、内脏、心血管、骨和牙齿等软/硬组织伤口的再生修复,市场前景广阔;然而,在湿态下如何使其对生物组织产生强力黏附一直是科学界面临的难题.为解决这一难题,研究者模拟自然界中各种动、植物的黏附策略,开发了一系列仿生医用胶黏剂.本文总结了各种聚合物基仿生医用胶黏剂的开...     

多巴及其衍生物黏附性的研究与应用进展

多巴(DOPA)是海洋贻贝等生物分泌黏液的重要组成部分,它具有很强的黏附性,不仅可以黏附在无机材料表面,也可以黏附在有机材料表面。进一步的研究表明,含邻苯二酚基团的多巴类衍生物同样具有与多巴相类似的强黏附性,由此发展起来的聚多巴胺涂层在诸多领域已得到应用。基于上述研究成果,科学家们将多巴及其衍生物引入高分子中,得到了一系列黏附性能强的仿生高分子,在各领域也已得到应用。本文综述了多巴及其衍生物黏附机理的研究和它们在各领域的应用现状。     

水相介质中碳酸钾/硫脲联合促进邻位氨基溴转变成α,β-脱氢氨的研究

建立了在水相介质中, 在碳酸钾/硫脲联合促进下, 具有邻位氨基溴的酯和邻位氨基溴的酮在室温下发生溴化氢消除反应, 高收率地制备α,β-脱氢氨(功能化烯胺)的新方法. 共考察了23种不同结构α,β-邻位氨基溴的酯和α,β-邻位氨基溴的酮的反应情况, 证明该方法具有广泛的适应性. 实验发现, 无论底物为α-氨基-β-溴结构还是α-溴-β-氨基结构, 反应过程中都要经过一个氮丙啶过程, 而氮丙啶的开环是区域专一的, 因此产物具有区域专一性(烯键上的氨基均处在羰基的α-位). 所有产物的结构均经过核磁共振波谱及高分辩率质谱确证. 克量级放大实验结果表明, 该方法具有一定的用于工业化生产的可行性.     

“蛋黄蛋壳”结构纳米电极材料设计及在锂/钠离子/锂硫电池中的应用

“蛋黄蛋壳”结构纳米材料,具有易于调控的“蛋黄”、“蛋壳”和“空腔”结构,可视作“纳米反应器”,在催化、储能等领域表现出显著的应用潜力。尤其在电化学能源存储和转换方面,该结构纳米电极具有大的比表面积和独特的核壳结构,在充放电过程中可缓解电极的体积变化,提供快速的离子/电子输运通道,强化中间产物的吸附和提升转换反应效率等,能显著提高电极稳定性、倍率性能和循环性能,是一类较为理想的电极材料。本文针对“蛋黄蛋壳”结构纳米电极在锂/钠离子电池、锂硫电池等新兴二次电池领域的实际应用,总结了具有该结构纳米电极的设计与合成策略,包括:模板法、奥斯特瓦尔德熟化、电化学置换、克肯达尔效应等,评述了各种策略的优缺点以及电极材料的应用进展,最后对该类材料在锂/钠体系及锂硫电池二次电池方面的研究与应用前景进行了展望。     

从铜离子、酸中心与铝分布的关系分析不同模板剂制备Cu-SSZ-13的NH3-SCR性能

铜离子改性的SSZ-13沸石是以氨气为还原剂选择催化还原柴油发动机尾气中氮氧化物反应(NH₃-SCR)的优良催化剂。本文综述并具体分析了酸中心位点对于Cu-SSZ-13中铜离子落位、迁移的影响,以及骨架铝分布对其决定性的作用,强调了“成对”酸中心,“强铝对”对于催化剂水热稳定性的重要作用,并总结了目前控制“铝对”形成的方法。以此为基础分析了不同有机模板剂、共模板剂法制备的Cu-SSZ-13在催化NH₃-SCR反应中的表现,为使用廉价模板剂或共模板剂替代TMADaOH合成具有良好NH₃-SCR催化活性和水热稳定性的Cu-SSZ-13提供参考。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.