色谱技术在药物-血浆蛋白相互作用研究中的应用进展

小分子药物进入人体血液循环系统后与人血清白蛋白(HSA)、α1-酸性糖蛋白(AGP)等血浆蛋白存在广泛的相互作用,这些相互作用深刻影响药物在体内的分布及其与靶标蛋白的结合,进而影响药物效应的发挥.深入探究药物与血浆蛋白间的相互作用对于候选药物的成药性优化、新药研发、联合用药的风险评控等意义重大.而发展高效、灵敏、准确的...     

金属-有机骨架材料在色谱分离中的应用

金属-有机骨架材料（Metal-organic frameworks,MOFs）,因其具有较好的热稳定性、化学稳定性、可设计性等特点,广泛应用于气体吸附、物质分离、提纯、催化等领域,同时也作为模板制备各种功能材料.MOFs作为色谱分离的材料已得到了较多的研究与应用.按照被分离物质的类别,综述和总结了不同MOFs材料作为色谱固定相的分离效果,重点介绍了MOFs材料的色谱分离机理.MOFs材料的孔径、功能基团和不饱和金属位点在分离中起到重要的作用,最后对MOFs在色谱分离应用中的问题和前景进行了分析和展望.     

高效液相色谱整体柱在药物分离分析中的应用进展

本文对高效液相整体柱在药物分离分析方面的应用进行了综述.主要介绍了以烷氧基硅烷为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的硅胶整体柱,由于其具有微米级通孔结构和大的比表面积,他们在高效、快速分离小分子物质方面得到广泛地应用.对于聚合物整体柱,主要介绍了包括分子印迹聚合物在内的有机聚合物整体柱在药物分离、生物样品的处理等方面的应用.     

共价-有机骨架材料在色谱及样品预处理中的应用

共价-有机骨架（COFs）材料具有比表面积大、热和化学稳定性好、结构和功能多样等优点,目前已广泛用于气体储存、催化、吸附和分离等领域。近年来,以COFs为固定相和吸附剂的色谱分离和样品预处理研究引起了人们的极大兴趣。该文综述了近年来COFs的色谱和样品预处理应用研究进展,并对这一领域进行了展望。     

液相色谱-质谱联用分离拉呋替丁的顺反异构体

拉呋替丁是一种新型非竞争性组胺H2受体拮抗药，目前正处在报新药阶段。本品存在顺反两种异构体，主要成分为顺(Z-)式异构体，含少量反(E-)式异构体。随着药物构效关系研究的深入，药物异构体的分离分析日益被人重视。到目前为止，分离检测拉呋替丁的顺反异构体未见文献报道。本研究利用聚酰胺型ChiraSpher色谱柱，考察了拉呋替丁的顺反异构体的分离。     

气相色谱-质谱法在人体气味分析中的应用进展

气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）是目前分析人体气味的主要技术手段，其不但可以分析人体气味的组成成分，还可以比较不同个体气味之间的差异。该文首先介绍了人体气味的提取和样品前处理的手段，随后对GC-MS在人体气味的采集及储存、成分分析及差异性研究、用于个体识别和健康表征等方面进行了综述，最后对GC-MS在人体气味分析中的发展趋势进行了展望。     

亲水作用色谱及其在碱性药物分析中的应用

亲水作用色谱是采用极性固定相、高含量极性有机溶剂-水相缓冲液为流动相的一种分离技术,它能有效地保留反相色谱中保留弱或不保留的强极性碱性药物。本文综述了以未键合硅胶为固定相的亲水作用色谱分离碱性药物的机理、特点及其应用的最新进展。     

液相色谱-质谱联用在兴奋剂检测中的应用及进展

液相色谱-质谱联用技术已越来越广泛地应用在兴奋剂的检测中,其中包括对各类小分子兴奋剂和肽类激素等的检测。本文综述了近年来液相色谱-质谱联用在兴奋剂检测中的筛选、确证和定量方面的应用及进展情况,并讨论了相关的检测标准。     

高速逆流色谱技术及其在天然产物研究中的应用进展

高速逆流色谱是一种新型的不需任何固态载体的液-液分配技术,随着其理论技术的日益发展与完善,已在许多方面得到了广泛的应用,尤其是在天然产物活性成分的分离与纯化领域,已成为最有优势的分离分析方法之一。介绍了高速逆流色谱法的分离原理,并对其在天然产物活性成分分离中的最新应用进行了综述。     

Quantitative analysis of complex casein hydrolysates based on chromatography and membrane

The enzymatic hydrolysates of casein are so complex that there is no effective method to do quantitative analysis. The common techniques, such as high performance chromatography and SDS-PAGE, can only carry out qualitative analysis. On the basis of membrane separation and high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), standard peptides with different molecular mass range were prepared, and the linear relationships between mass concentration of the standard peptides and the ultraviolet absorption of corresponding peak areas were established. Consequently, mass concentration of the different hydrolysates at different reaction times could be accurately calculated. The combination of chromatography and membrane separation is of great importance to the quantitative analysis of the complex hydrolysates, which can also be applied to the other macromolecular systems, such as carbohydrates. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Chromatography, 2005, 23(2) (in Chinese)     

Dynamic calibration system for trace analysis in ion chromatography

Summary A dynamic method for the preparation of diluted standards in trace analysis by Ion Chromatography is described. The proposed system uses a diffusion cell that through a capillary tube of known dimension, continuously provides large volumes of highly diluted standard.The diffusion cell setting-up and its working conditions are described, and the advantages and difficulties of the dynamic method are pointed out. Loading the cell with concentrated standard solutions (200–10000 ppm), it was possible to produce diluted Na₂SO₄ standards in the 0.1–10 ppb concentration range. The cell is able to work for nearly a month before the source amount decreased by 1%.The linearity of the calibration device is good and the method is free of systematic errors. Under strictly controlled experimental condition, the diffusion cell provides primary standards because it allows to obtain concentrations only depending on its geometry.     

核壳型二氧化硅色谱填料的研究进展

复杂样品的高效快速分离分析是分离科学家所面临的挑战。近年来,核壳型二氧化硅色谱填料以其高效、快速和低背压的特点被广泛用于小分子、大分子和复杂样品的快速分离分析。该文系统综述了二氧化硅核壳色谱固定相快速分离的机理,制备方法及其在小分子、多肽和生物大分子快速分离分析方面的应用,同时对核壳型色谱固定相的发展进行了展望。     

Planar chromatography for drug residue screening in food applications

Summary Planar chromatography (PC) is of interest for veterinary drug screening. An example is given of the use of a PC screening method followed by a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for confirmation of positives. The results for 300 samples were obtained in 14 days whereas the HPLC analysis alone would have required 50 days work. The future of PC in veterinary drug residue analysis as a screening method and also as confirmatory (quantitative) method is discussed.     

Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils and fats by on-line donor-acceptor complex chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Various off-line methods for clean-up and sample enrichment are available for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible oils and fats. These methods consist of laborious and time consuming procedures. This study reports an on-line method using LC-LC coupling. After clean-up of the sample on a donor-acceptor complex chromatography (DACC) column the PAHs are transferred to and separated on an analytical HPLC column. Quantification is carried out with fluorescence detection. The DACC column clean-up is fast and is carried out during the HPLC run of the previous sample. Compared to the traditional methods this automated on-line method saves considerable time and significantly reduces the amount of solvent waste. The method uses common HPLC equipment and its performance has been evaluated.     

Applications of capillary gas chromatography in routine toxicological analyses

Capillary columns offer the toxicologist several advantages over packed columns. We have presented a highly reproducible screening procedure based on the retention index system and have shown the use of capillary columns for routine quantitation. We are currently expanding the use of these columns in our laboratory and predict that they will be in routine use by most toxicologists in the near future.     

单泵柱切换离子色谱法分析复杂基体中痕量阴离子

本文通过离子色谱与柱切换技术联用实现了高浓度样品基体中的痕量阴离子检测.分别研究了不同类型基体的处理方法,使用商品化离子排斥柱和自制的聚合物色谱柱实现多种样品基体中痕量阴离子的检测.同时开发一种简化的单泵柱切换系统,利用抑制器将KOH淋洗液转化为水作为前处理柱的淋洗液,在同一个色谱系统中产生两种淋洗液,实现色谱分离与前...     

Two-dimensional separation system of coupling capillary liquid chromatography to capillary electrophoresis for analysis of Escherichia coli metabolites

A two-dimensional (2-D) separation system of coupling chromatography to electrophoresis was developed for profiling Escherichia coli metabolites. Capillary liquid chromatography (LC) with a monolithic silica-octadecyl silica column (500 x 0.2 mm ID) was used as the first dimension, from which the effluent fractions were further analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) acting as the second dimension. Field-enhanced stacking was selectively employed as a concentration strategy to interface the two dimensions, which proved to be beneficial for the detection of metabolites. An artificial sample containing 118 standards, some of which lack chromophores or have weak UV absorbance, was used to optimize the 2-D separation system. Under the optimum conditions, 63 components in the artificial sample having absorbance at 254 nm could be well resolved and detected. The utility of the system was demonstrated by comprehensive analysis of E. coli metabolites. Comparing with the previous 2-D separation system we published in Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 1419-1428, using a longer monolithic column in the first dimension improved the separation efficiency and offered the possibility of increasing the injection volume without compromising the separation efficiency. In the second dimension, field-enhanced stacking was used to improve the concentration sensitivity of the metabolites, and more metabolites in E. coli cell extract were detected and identified using the developed 2-D separation system. In addition, preliminary investigation for future CE-mass spectrometry coupling was also made in the study by using volatile buffers in the capillary LC and CE techniques.     

Simulated counter-current moving column chromatography used in the continuous separation of carbohydrate mixtures

Summary A moving column-bundle counter-current chromatographic system consisting of twelve 0.9 cm id×72.5 cm long glass columns has been used for the separation of glucose-starch and glucose-maltose mixtures. The system was packed with Spherosil XOBO75 for the glucose-starch separation and with Dowex-5OW-X4K⁺ for the glucose-maltose separation.Purities of up to 100% were obtained and the operating throughputs were up to 4.4 kg sugar solids/m³ resin/hr.