基质辅助激光解析/电离质谱用于呼吸道合胞病毒感染细胞的差异性分析

呼吸道合胞病毒(Respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是引起婴幼儿急性下呼吸道感染及免疫缺陷的常见病原,也是老年、病弱群体中诱发免疫抑制的重要病原。本研究利用基质辅助激光解析/电离质谱(MALDI-MS),对RSV病毒感染宿主细胞的变化进行考察。结果表明,在分子量为5000~10000 Da范围内,有3组信号峰在正常组和感染组中表达均有显著变化,其中1个差异组分在RSV感染之后表达上调(m/z 6154.25),2个差异组分在RSV感染后表达下调(m/z 7658.47和9259.82)。本方法无需对细胞样品进行复杂处理,采用MALDI-MS证明了感染细胞与未感染细胞前后表达存在显著差异,直接获得细胞在病毒感染后产生的反应应答模式和细胞生理功能改变的信息,为呼吸道合胞病毒疾病诊断与病理研究提供了实验基础。     

护理观察赣州小儿呼吸道感染后免疫功能与血微量元素变化的关系

目的探讨赣州地区小儿呼吸道感染后免疫功能与血微量元素的关系。方法采用原子吸收法对1 000例(观察组)呼吸道感染患儿进行血液微量元素测定,同时选择100例健康小儿作对照组。并对观察组100例和对照组50例进行免疫球蛋白含量测定。结果呼吸道感染小儿的血液微量元素Zn、Fe、Ca含量及免疫球蛋白Ig A、Ig G含量明显低于正常小儿。结论呼吸道感染患儿存在Zn、Fe、Ca元素缺乏及免疫功能异常。Zn、Fe、Ca等元素的缺乏可影响机体正常免疫功能的建立,容易发生呼吸道感染。对呼吸道感染患儿辅助给予微量元素治疗可以增强免疫功能,促进疾病痊愈。     

中药的补血作用与Fe元素含量相关性研究

目的通过对不同药效的中药Fe元素含量分析,探讨中药的补血作用与Fe元素含量的相关性。方法按中药药效选取药材并分组,每组样品微波消解后采用原子吸收光谱仪进行Fe元素含量测定。结果补血药组Fe元素含量最高,是其他组的1.5~5倍。结论中药的补血作用与Fe元素水平相关。     

中药质量控制的研究策略和色谱技术

综述了色谱技术作为现代高效分离分析技术在中药药效物质基础研究和中药质量控制中的重要作用。提出中药药效物质组学研究策略,以实现中药药效物质基础与作用机理研究的一体化,进而从深层次揭示和全面控制中药的内在质量。论述结果表明,现代色谱及其联用技术是中药质量研究的重要技术平台之一。     

持续静脉泵入及分次静点给予特治星治疗下呼吸道感染的效果观察

目的研究持续静脉泵入及分次静点给予特治星治疗下呼吸道感染的效果。方法选择116例下呼吸道感染患者,随机分为两组,观察组给予持续静脉泵入特治星治疗方案,对照组给予分次静脉点滴特治星治疗方案,治疗1周后观察治疗效果和安全性。结果观察组总有效率为94.83%显著高于对照组84.48%(P0.05),不良反应发生率为6.9%显著低于对照组20.69%(P0.05)。两组治疗后体温(T)、白细胞(WBC)及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平较治疗前均显著降低,观察组降低更为显著(P0.05)。两组治疗后氧分压(Pa O2)水平较治疗前均显著升高,观察组升高更为显著(P0.05)。结论持续静脉泵入能显著提高下呼吸道感染患者总有效率,降低不良反应发生率。     

基于“成分-药效”关联分析的六味地黄丸质量控制方法

本文以中药复方制剂六味地黄丸为研究示例,分别进行六味地黄丸药效成分明确化鉴别、典型药理模型的药效实验、成分与药效的关联分析,共鉴别出六味地黄丸中16个成分.通过成分与药效的关联性分析,得出4个与典型药理模型药效相关的成分.建立了指标性成分的含量测定方法学,通过"成分与药效"的关联性分析所得出指标性成分的含量测定方法,可实现对中药复方制剂六味地黄丸的质量控制.     

莫西沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染的疗效比较

目的比较莫西沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染的临床效果。方法选取94例下呼吸道感染患者,随机分为对照组(47例)与观察组(47例),分别采取左氧氟沙星和莫西沙星治疗。统计两组患者喘息、发热、咳嗽等症状消失时间及住院天数,观察治疗效果。结果对照组与观察组治疗总有效率分别为91.5%和95.7%,比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。较对照组,观察组喘息消失时间、发热消失时间、咳嗽消失时间及住院天数[(3.6±1.8)、(4.2±1.6)、(2.6±2.2)、(7.5±1.8)]d明显更优(P0.05)。结论莫西沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗下呼吸道感染疗效相当,莫西沙星在迅速改善临床症状、促进患者康复方面更具优势。     

反复呼吸道感染儿童发锌和血清IgA的分析

用火焰原子吸收法检测了反复呼吸道感染儿童头发中锌的含量，用放免法检测血清IgA的含量。结果表明，患病组儿童的发锌值和血清IgA值均低于正常组儿童（P＜0．05）。患儿经补锌治疗1年后，总有效率达82．1％，发锌及血清IgA含量均增加，表明缺锌所导致的IgA含量下降，呼吸道粘膜分泌IgA缺乏是儿童反复呼吸道感染的重要原因之一，补充锌可有效提高患儿的免疫力，治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染。     

中药通心络对抑郁-动脉粥样硬化大鼠干预作用的血浆代谢组学研究

采用快速液相色谱串联离子阱飞行时间质谱(UFLC/MS-IT-TOF)技术对通心络干预下的抑郁-动脉粥样硬化大鼠的血浆代谢谱进行研究.结果表明,抑郁-动脉粥样硬化模型大鼠体内的氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸的β-氧化、胆固醇代谢及磷脂代谢发生了异常.中药通心络通过调节模型大鼠体内的色氨酸、苯丙氨酸代谢及某些胆汁酸的代谢,抑制大鼠抑郁-动脉粥样硬化的形成.该研究结果表明代谢组学在中药整体性药效评价、作用机理的阐明等方面具有很好的应用前景.     

婴幼儿反复呼吸道感染全血铁的测定及儿康宁疗效观察

为了解婴幼儿反复呼吸道感染 (RRTI)全血铁的变化及观察中药补血制剂儿康宁对RRTI的疗效 ,对符合RRTI诊断标准的 72名婴幼儿测定了全血铁含量 ,并与健康儿 5 0例作对照。观察组用儿康宁治疗 3个月后再复查全血铁含量 ,并观察儿康宁对RRTI的疗效。结果表明 ,观察组全血铁含量平均值 ( 693 6 0 9± 73 3 99) μmol/L与对照组 ( 80 99 3 5± 1 3 9 82 ) μmol/L比较 ,差异有极显著意义。用儿康宁治疗 3个月后全血铁含量 ( 80 75 71± 1 2 8 78) μmol/L明显增高 ,差异极显著。RRTI婴幼儿用儿康宁治疗后 ,无论在每月平均发病次数、每次发病平均持续天数及每月发热平均持续天数均比治疗前明显缩短。提示婴幼儿铁缺乏可使免疫功能削弱 ,易发生反复呼吸道感染。儿康宁治疗在改善缺铁状态的同时 ,对婴幼儿RRTI有减少发病、缩短病程及改善症状的作用 ,值得推广应用     

基于超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱联用技术的桑黄干预后大鼠尿液代谢组学分析

为探讨服用桑黄水煎液对机体的影响,采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱（UPLC-HDMS）联用技术,检测灌胃给予桑黄水煎液后大鼠尿液中代谢物的变化。采用正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（OPLS-DA）对空白组和给药组大鼠尿液代谢物进行聚类分析,筛选出潜在的生物标志物,并通过MetaboAnalyst 3.0网站分析相关代谢通路。数据显示,两组大鼠尿液中的代谢物在第28天得到了很好的区分,发现并鉴定了10个生物标记物。灌胃给予桑黄水煎液主要对机体的半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等代谢通路产生影响。研究结果为深入探讨桑黄药效作用机制奠定了一定的实验基础。     

Ganmaidazao decoction alleviated cognitive impairment on Alzheimer's disease rats by regulating gut microbiota and their corresponding metabolites

Traditional Chinese medicine targeted at gut microbiota has good effects in relieving the clinical manifestation of Alzheimer's disease, and intestinal metabolites are considered as a bridge of communication between the brain-gut axis. In order to explore the molecular mechanism of Ganmaidazao decoction treatment, first, the model rats induced by Aβ25-35 and d-gal were used to test the therapy of Ganmaidazao extract using the Morris Water Maze, Western Blot and Elisa. Then the 16S rDNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiota as well as UPLC-QTOF/MS-based metabolomic analysis of feces were carried out. Last, the relationship between Alzheimer's disease, gut microbiota and metabolites was analyzed. Results showed that the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota were rescued and the changes of fecal metabolites in rats with Alzheimer's disease were reversed after Ganmaidazao decoction administration, which were mainly related to lipid metabolism, steroid hormone metabolism, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism and bile acid metabolism. After associating with Spearman’s correlation analysis, we concluded that gut microbiota and metabolites were closely related and Ganmaidazao decoction could interfere with the balance of gut microbiota and their corresponding metabolites to exert anti- Alzheimer’s disease effect. Combined with PICRUSt2 functional prediction of gut microbiota and metabolomics results, phenylalanine metabolism has been focused as a key metabolic pathway, and Ganmaidazao decoction can reduce the abnormal accumulation of phenylalanine and phenylpyruvate and promote their metabolism by restoring the activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase. This integrated omics approach has potential roles in understanding the complex mechanisms of Ganmaidazao decoction in treating Alzheimer’s disease.     

基于液相色谱-质谱联用技术的代谢组学方法用于中药通心络和人参对过度疲劳大鼠干预作用的评价

用代谢组学方法评价了中药通心络和人参对过度疲劳大鼠的干预作用.通过构造大鼠过度疲劳模型,并分别用通心络和人参进行干预,采用快速液相色谱-离子阱飞行时间质谱(UFLC-IT-TOF-MS)获取大鼠血浆代谢轮廓,并用正交偏最小二乘法(OPLS)进行多变量统计分析,分别找出用于区分通心络和人参干预组大鼠同正常对照大鼠、过度疲...     

Effects of Tao‐Hong‐Si‐Wu decoction on acute blood stasis in rats based on a LC‐Q/TOF‐MS metabolomics and network approach

A novel approach using metabolomics coupled with a metabolic network was used to investigate the effects of Tao‐Hong‐Si‐Wu decoction (THSWD) on the rat model of acute blood stasis syndrome. Acute blood stasis syndrome was induced by placing the rats in ice‐cold water following two injections with epinephrine. The hemorheological indicators [whole blood viscosity (WBV) and plasma viscosity (PV)] and the blood coagulation indicators [thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB)] were detected. The nonparametric univariate method and multivariate statistical analysis were performed for determining the potential biomarkers. A correlation map was structured between biochemical indicators and hub metabolites to explain the effects mechanism of THSWD. After the administration of THSWD, the levels of WBV, PV, TT, APTT and FIB returned to levels observed in the control group. According to metabolomics coupled with metabolic network analysis, the intervention of THSWD in rats with acute blood stasis syndrome induced substantial and characteristic changes in their metabolic profiles. Fifteen metabolites were screened, which mainly involved 10 pathways and five hub metabolites, namely, l ‐glutamate, l ‐phenylalanine, N‐acylsphingosine, arachidonic acid and phosphatidate. The biochemical indicators and hub metabolites could be adjusted to close to normal levels by THSWD. Therefore, combining metabolomics and metabolic network helped to evaluate the effects of THSWD on acute blood stasis.     

Effects of Siqi Decoction on Concentration of Nitric Oxide and Activity of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Blood Serum of Rats with Myocardial Ischemia

To study the effects of Siqi decoction on rats with Myocardial Ischemia, the model of Myocardium Ischemia was made for the Wistar rats cured with posterior pituitary injection through vein in tail. Siqi decoction, Diaoxinxuekang（DK） and Fufangdanshenpian（FD）, the latter two drugs of which were effective TCM drugs of anti-Myocardial Ischemia at present, were administrated to the rats with Myocardium Ischemia for 5 days to compare the effect of anti-Myocardium Ischemia as reference drugs by measuring the changes of NO concentration and activity of NOS in the rat blood serum with Myocardial Ischemia. There was a remarkable increase in the NO concentration and activity of NOS in serum in Siqi decoction groups compared with those in control group（p〈0.05）. The results of the prevention group in experiment of Siqi decoction are better than those of the cure group. Siqi decoction was really fit for Myocardium Ischemia via increasing NO concentration by stimulating the activity of NOS in serum. The effect of Siqi decoction against Myocardium Ischemia in preventive group is better than the curative that of Siqi decoction in the curative group.     

The Potential Antipyretic Mechanism of Ellagic Acid with Brain Metabolomics Using Rats with Yeast-Induced Fever

Fever is caused by an increase in the heat production process when the body is under the action of a heat source or the dysfunction of the temperature center. Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol dilactone that has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant activities. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected yeast to reproduce an experimental fever model (150 ± 20 g), and the rectal temperature and its change values were subsequently taken 19 h later; the excessive production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin2 (PGE2) induced by yeast was regulated to normal by EA administration. Rat brain metabolomics investigation of pyrexia and the antipyretic anti-inflammatory effect of EA was performed using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Twenty-six metabolites, as potential biomarkers, significantly altered metabolites that were found in pyretic rats, and eleven metabolites, as biomarkers of the antipyretic mechanism of EA, were significantly adjusted by EA to help relieve pyrexia, which was involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, etc. In conclusion, potential metabolic biomarkers in the brain shed light on the mechanism of EA’s antipyretic effects, mainly involving metabolic pathways, which may contribute to a further understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of fever and therapeutic mechanism of EA.     

基于核磁共振氢谱代谢组学研究黄连解毒汤对胰岛素抵抗大鼠棕色脂肪组织代谢组的影响

采用基于核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)的代谢组学方法, 研究了黄连解毒汤(HJD)对高果糖诱导胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型棕色脂肪代谢组的影响. 选取Wistar大鼠32只, 适应7 d后随机分为正常对照组、 模型组、 阳性药物对照组和黄连解毒汤组, 每组8只. 正常对照组给予纯净水喂养, 其它3组给予100 g/L的果糖水喂饲. 28 d后, 4组大鼠除了继续给予100 g/L的果糖水喂养外, 阳性对照组和黄连解毒汤组同时分别给予阿托伐他汀10 mg/(kg·d)和HJD水煎剂3.175 g/(kg·d)灌胃, 正常对照组和模型组给予一定体积的生理盐水灌胃, 整个实验持续56 d. 取各组大鼠棕色脂肪组织(BAT), 采集各组组织提取液的¹H NMR谱, 运用主成分分析法(PCA)分析. 与正常对照组相比, 在模型组中乳酸、 胆碱、 磷脂胆碱/甘油磷脂胆碱、 肌酸/肌酸酐、 牛磺酸和肌苷的含量升高, 脂质含量降低; 黄连解毒汤组逆转了模型组中上述各代谢物的变化, 且引起肌醇升高, 均具有统计学意义. 实验结果表明, 黄连解毒汤能够逆转机体能量代谢、 减轻细胞膜受损以及降低肝肾损伤, 初步阐明了黄连解毒汤对胰岛素抵抗状态下棕色脂肪组织代谢的调控作用.     

基于超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱的深静脉血栓模型大鼠血浆代谢组学分析

深静脉血栓(DVT)是一种血栓栓塞性疾病,具有高发病率、高死亡率和高后遗症3大特点。采用左股静脉不完全结扎加高渗盐水刺激建立DVT大鼠模型,使用超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UHPLC-Orbitrap HRMS)检测假手术组与DVT模型组的血浆代谢谱,用主成分分析(PCA)及正交偏最小二乘-判别分析(OPLS-DA)对代谢组数据进行多元统计分析,观察两组间的代谢表型差异,将多变量模型分析中的变量重要性值(VIP>1)以及代谢物在模型组中的变化倍数(FC≤0.5或FC≥2,且P<0.05)作为差异代谢物筛选条件。最终在DVT模型组与假手术组间筛选得到27种差异代谢物,这些代谢物反映了DVT大鼠的代谢紊乱情况。具体表现为与假手术组相比,DVT模型组中三甲基胺氮氧化物(TMAO)、维生素K、鹅去氧胆酸、牛磺酸、1-甲基烟酰胺、7-酮胆固醇、反式十六烷基-2-烯醇肉碱、乙烯基乙酰甘氨酸、丙酰脯氨酸、咪唑乙酸、咪唑乙酸核糖苷、1,3,7-三甲基尿酸、1-丁胺、2-羟基异丙酸、吡哆醛、5α-四氢皮质酮、苯乳酸的水平显著升高;而3-脱氢肉碱、磷脂酰胆碱22∶6/20∶2(PC...