钯镍合金在玻碳电极上电结晶机理

在钯镍合金电解液中, 采用循环伏安和计时安培实验方法, 运用Scharifker和Hills模型、Heerman和Tarallo模型揭示钯镍合金的成核机理. 结果表明, 钯镍合金在玻碳电极上发生成核过程. Scharifker和Hills模型分析表明, 钯镍合金更符合扩散控制下的三维生长的连续成核机理. 借助于Heerman和Tarallo模型, 拟合得到钯镍合金的成核和生长的动力学参数. 拟合结果显示, 电位阶跃从-0.85 V负移至-0.92 V (vs SCE), 钯镍合金在玻碳电极上的成核速率从0.83 s^-1增加到7.71 s^-1, 成核密度数从2.77×10⁴ cm^-2提高至7.09×10⁴ cm^-2.     

玻碳电极表面因瓦合金的电化学成核机理

在弱酸性因瓦合金(含镍质量分数为32~36 % 的镍铁合金)镀液中, 以线性扫描伏安法、循环伏安法和恒电位阶跃法对因瓦合金在玻碳电极表面的电沉积过程及其成核机理进行研究. 结果表明, 在该体系下, 因瓦合金在玻碳电极表面的电结晶属于扩散控制下的不可逆电极过程. 运用Scharifker-Hills理论模型(SH)拟合实验数据表明, 因瓦合金在玻碳电极表面的共沉积更加符合三维瞬时成核的成核规律. 运用Heerman-Tarallo理论模型(HT)分析得到因瓦合金在玻碳电极表面的成核生长的动力学参数, 当阶跃电位从-1.11 V变化至-1.17 V (vs SCE), 成核密度数(N₀)由0.72×10⁵ cm^-2提高至1.91×10⁵ cm^-2, 成核速率常数(A)从 40.35 s^-1增至 194.38 s^-1, 扩散系数(D)为(7.67±0.15)×10^-5 cm²•s^-1, 变化不大.     

铜电极表面铜锡合金电结晶机理

在弱酸性柠檬酸盐体系铜锡合金镀液中,采用线性扫描伏安(LSV)、循环伏安(CV)和计时安培实验方法,运用Scharifker-Hills(SH)理论模型和Heerman-Tarallo(HT)理论模型分析拟合实验结果,研究铜锡合金在铜电极上的电沉积过程与电结晶机理.结果表明,铜锡合金在铜电极表面实现共沉积并遵循扩散控制下三维瞬时成核的电结晶过程.电位阶跃从-0.80 V负移至-0.85 V(vs SCE),HT理论分析得到铜锡合金的成核与生长的动力学参数分别为成核速率常数(A)值从20.19 s-1增加至177.67 s-1,成核活性位点密度数(N0)从6.10×105cm-2提高至1.42×106cm-2,扩散系数(D)为(6.13±0.62)×10-6cm2s-1.     

玻碳电极肉桂酸添加剂对锌电沉积的影响

用循环伏安法、计时电位法研究了玻碳电极肉桂酸添加剂对锌电沉积机理及成核过程的影响. 研究表明,含肉桂酸基础镀液中还原仍为Zn²⁺ + 2e → Zn,但肉桂酸能促进锌成核,改变锌沉积的动力学过程. 在基础镀液锌成核机理为3D-瞬时成核过程,加肉桂酸后锌的成核机理趋于3D-连续成核过程,其活性位点数增加,成核速率减小.     

氯化血红素修饰玻碳电极的制备及其作用机理

以正交法设计实验方案 ,用循环伏安法研究了氯化血红素在玻碳电极上的电化学行为及电催化作用 ,发现 :(1)氯化血红素在电极表面有两种状态 单体和二聚体 ,阴极峰电位分别为 - 0 .2 5± 0 .0 1V和 - 0 .4 3± 0 .0 1V ;(2 )两种状态对过氧化氢均有电催化还原作用 ,单体的催化活性是二聚体的 1.4 5倍 ,并给出了相应的作用机理。以介质转换后Δi2 为指标确定了影响膜稳定性的主要因素为pH ,给出了制备与测试该修饰电极的最佳条件。电催化还原过氧化氢电流与其浓度的线性关系为Δi (A) =3.184 6× 10 -6+2 .6 371× 10 -5C(mmol/L) ;检出限为 1.7× 10 -5mol/L ;相关系数为 0 .992 8,电极催化性能两星期内不变     

银-氨基乙酸复合膜修饰玻碳电极循环伏安法测定苏丹红Ⅲ

制备了银-氨基乙酸复合膜修饰玻碳电极,采用循环伏安法研究了苏丹红Ⅲ在修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明:在pH 3.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,苏丹红Ⅲ在修饰电极上呈现一对灵敏的氧化还原峰,提出了用循环伏安法测定苏丹红Ⅲ的方法。苏丹红Ⅲ的浓度在3.0×10-7～4.0×10-5 mol·L-1范围内与还原峰电流呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为9.0×10-8 mol·L-1。修饰电极用于调味品中苏丹红Ⅲ的测定,回收率在94.1%～98.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.2%～4.6%之间。     

硫代水杨酸在活化玻碳电极上的电氧化反应机理

探讨了硫代水杨酸(TSA)在电化学活化后的玻碳电极(GCE)上的电化学行为,经循环伏安法研究表明,在氯化钾底液中,TSA为不可逆电氧化过程。考察了不同pH值时TSA的形态分布和氧化峰电位的变化,随着pH值的增加,中性分子C6H4(COOH)SH含量下降,而C6H4(COO-)SH随之增加,同时氧化峰电位逐渐降低,表明C6H4(COO-)SH比C6H4(COOH)SH更易被电极氧化。峰电位在pH=6后下降的趋势变缓;当pH值升至11碱性较强时,阳极氧化峰消失,推测此时由于参与电极反应的H+缺乏,抑制了电极反应的进行。其电氧化过程为平均每转移3个电子,同时有1个氢离子参与反应,推断其最终产物为2-磺基苯甲酸。     

n型半导体硅电极表面Au的电化学成核机理

在成功实现半导体硅表面电沉积致密金膜的柠檬酸盐镀金实际应用体系中,运用循环伏安和电位阶跃法研究了Au在n型Si(111)电极表面的电沉积过程和成核机理.结果表明,在该体系中, Au在Si表面呈现不可逆电极过程,成核过电位达到250 mV;根据Cottrell方程求得扩散系数D = (1.81 ± 0.14) × 10^-4 cm₂·s^-1;运用Scharifker-Hills (SH)理论模型对比分析拟合实验结果,表明Au在n型Si表面遵循扩散控制下的三维连续成核机理;通过扫描电子显微镜观察Au初期成核、生长形貌,进一步证实了Au的三维连续成核机制,并讨论了阶跃电位和阶跃时间对Au核形貌和密度的影响.     

希瓦氏菌MR-1影响玻碳表面电沉积Cd的机理

使用循环伏安法和电位阶跃法研究了希瓦氏菌MR-1野生株及其突变株△omcA-△mtrc对玻碳电极表面电沉积Cd的影响.发现加入希瓦氏菌野生株后：（1） Cd在玻碳电极表面的电沉积峰电位明显负移;（2）当扫描速率较低（20 mV·s^-1）且进入第二圈扫描时,Cd的电沉积过程分两步Cd （Ⅱ）-Cd （I）-Cd进行;（3）通过电位阶跃实验得出Cd （Ⅱ）扩散到玻碳电极表面的速率变得缓慢;（4） Cd在玻碳电极表面的电沉积过程由连续三维成核转变成瞬时三维成核过程;加入突变株后,Cd （Ⅱ）扩散到玻碳电极表面的速率更加缓慢,它的电沉积过程为瞬时三维成核过程.扫描电子显微镜的结果也正好证实了该影响机制.     

Complex Coordination Silver Electrocrystallization Mechanism on Glassy Carbon Electrode Surface北大核心CSCD

Cyclic voltammetry and potential step methods were successfully used to study the electrochemical crystallization mechanism of silver deposition on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in the practical cyanide-free silver plating electrolyte containing composite complexing agents. Scharifker-Hill (SH) theory was used to fitting the experimental data. The results showed that the electrodeposition of silver is a diffusion controlled irreversible electrode process according to three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation mechanism. When the step potential shifted from -750 mV to -825 mV, the peak deposition current Im was increased, while the induced nucleation time tm shortened. The calculated kinetic parameters showed that the diffusion coefficient (D) was basically constant, ranged (7.31 ±0.34) ×10-5cm2·s-1, and the active nucleation sites density (N0) increased from 3.26 ±105 cm-2to 10.2 ± 105cm-2. The morphologies for the initial deposition of Ag verified the three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation mechanism. Increasing the temperature could significantly improve the diffusion ability of the active silver coordination ions in the electrolyte, which shortened the nucleation time and enhanced the active nucleation sites density N0 © Journal of Electrochemistry 2018.     

Selective and Sensitive Nitrite Sensor Based on Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified by Silver Nanochains

Herein, we report a facile method for the synthesis of silver nanochains (Ag nanochains) using pyridine as growth directing agent and citrate ions as capping agents in alkaline medium. The characterization of the synthesized high aspect ratio Ag nanochains was accomplished with the help of Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) which demonstrates the thickness below 100 nm. Crystalline nature of the synthesized Ag nanochains was investigated using X‐ray diffractrometry. A sensitive electrochemical nitrite sensor was assembled using synthesized Ag nanochains as electrode modifier. An improved cyclic voltammetric response for the oxidation of nitrite ions was witnessed at the modified GCE surface in comparison to bare GCE in Britton Robinson (BR) buffer (pH 4). The influence of pH on the oxidation peak current of nitrite ions was also examined using cyclic voltammetry. The electrocatalytic oxidation currents attained through amperometric measurements at Ag nanochains modified GCE were linearly dependent on the concentration of nitrite ions in the two ranges of 0.5–7.5 µM, 5–480 µM. Linear calibration plots of Ip vs. concentration of nitrite were also constructed at the proposed sensor using square wave voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed sensing strategy was successfully employed for the determination of nitrite in water samples with excellent recoveries.     

银掺杂聚L-甲硫氨酸修饰电极同时测定对苯二酚和邻苯二酚

用循环伏安法制备了银掺杂聚L-甲硫氨酸修饰玻碳电极,研究了对苯二酚和邻苯二酚在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了同时测定对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的新方法.研究发现,在pH=5.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,扫速为100 mV/s时,对苯二酚和邻苯二酚在银掺杂聚L-甲硫氨酸修饰玻碳电极上均出现1对氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为:Epa=0.228 V、Epc =0.162 V和Epa=0.347 V、Epc =0.287 V,二者的氧化峰电位差达119 mV,还原峰差达125 mV.在最佳的条件下,用差分脉冲伏安法同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚的线性范围为3.00 ×10-6～1.00 ×10-4mol/L,检出限为8.0×10-7 mol/L(对苯二酚)和5.0×10-7 mol/L(邻苯二酚).此法用于废水样中对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的测定,获得满意结果.     

Convolutive Cyclic Voltammetry,Chronoamperometry and Chronopotentiometry Studies of C6Me6-isocloso-ruthenaborane Complex in Non-aqueous Medium at a Glassy Carbon Electrode

Electroreduction of the C₆Me₆‐isocloso‐ruthenaborane complex {(C₆Me₆)‐isocloso‐1‐RuB₁₀H₁₀} has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry, convolutive voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronopotentiometry techniques at a glassy carbon electrode in 0.1 mol·L⁻¹ tetrabutyl ammonium perchlorate dissolved in methylene chloride. The investigated complex has been reduced via the consumption of two sequential electrons leading to the formation of monoanion and dianion, respectively. The electrode reaction pathway and the electrochemical parameters of the investigated system were determined. The extracted electrochemical parameters were verified via digital simulation treatments. Diffusion coefficient and heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics of the {(C₆Me₆)‐isocloso‐1‐RuB₁₀H₁₀} complex at low temperature were studied and discussed.     

DNA Immobilization on Nano-Gold Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

IntroductionTheimmobilizationofDNAonanelectronicallyconductivesurfaceisofinterestbothinthestudyofDNAitselfandinvariousapplications.Forexample,immobilizationofDNAonanelectrodeisusedtoproduceDNAbiosensors.VariousDNAelectrochemicalblosensorshavebeenpreparedbyimmobilizingDNAonthesurfaceofglassycarbon,carbonpasteandgoldelectrodes'-'.Thepropertiesofnano-scalegoldandbulkgoldexhibitseveraldifferences.Morenoteworthyarethesurfacecharge,highsurfaceareaandbiocompatibilityofnano-scalegold'.Thestrat…     

多菌灵在玻碳电极上的伏安行为及其应用

应用循环伏安法、微分脉冲伏安法对多菌灵在破碳电极上的电化学行为及其测定进行了研究。在ｐＨ＝９．０的２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ底液中，对其进行循环伏安扫描，发现于０．６１Ｖ（ｖｓ．Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ）产生一灵敏的氧化峰。微分脉冲伏安法殉菌灵的检测限为４×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。多菌灵的浓度在５．０×１０＾－７￣１．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ间与微分脉冲伏安峰电流呈线性关系（ｒ＝０．９９４２）。对于１×