基于光子晶体光纤关联光子对频谱特性的研究

为了研究光子品体光纤在800 nm波段关联光子对的频谱特性.基于自发四波混频得到了脉冲抽运光产生的光子对的相位匹配函数和频谱甬数.数值计算、证明闲频光中心波长取796 nm时的频谱对称性最好;在假设闲频光频率为单一频率的前提下,利用简化频谱函数的表达式,通过改变光子晶体光纤零色散点色散斜率和非线性系数,以及抽运光的入射中心波长,进一步讨论了抽运光和光子晶体光纤参数变化对信号光和闲频光频谱函数的影响及变化规律.提出了有利于产生高纯度纠缠光子对的光纤参数和抽运光参数,结果对于在800 nm波段发展光子晶体光纤纠缠光子源的实验具有指导和参考意义.     

脉冲抽运光啁啾对全光纤量子关联光子对纯度的影响

信号与闲置光子波长均为1550 nm 通信波段的全光纤关联光子对源, 具有低成本以及可与现有光纤网络低损耗连接的特点. 进一步优化其纯度, 将有助于提高这种量子光源的实用化程度.当抽运脉冲光在光纤中传输时, 由于色散和Kerr非线性效应的影响, 会不可避免地引入啁啾. 本文利用脉冲激光抽运零色散位移光纤, 研究了抽运光啁啾对关联光子对纯度的影响. 结果表明, 通信波段小失谐关联光子对的纯度随啁啾的增大而下降. 若采用变换极限的锁模激光为抽运源, 将有助于抑制Raman散射对自发四波混频的影响, 提高光子对的纯度. 关键词： 关联光子对 光纤 自发四波混频 啁啾     

高能量脉冲光纤激光器荧光特性

高能量脉冲激光器中,高强度的抽运光注入掺杂光纤后会部分转化为荧光,导致抽运效率的降低。基于铒掺杂光纤中铒离子的能级结构,分析了高能量脉冲光纤激光器中荧光的产生机理,采用非线性薛定谔(Nonlinear Schrdinger)方程和能级跃迁模型的速率方程,建立了高能量脉冲光纤激光器中荧光和抽运光的传输模型。通过此模型进行了数值仿真研究,首次深入分析了抽运光和荧光功率沿光纤轴向分布的变化规律,研究了荧光功率、抽运效率与光纤掺杂浓度的关系,并得出了抑制荧光产生、提高抽运效率的方法。数值结果表明:在铒掺杂光纤中,荧光和抽运光分别沿光纤的轴向近似呈指数规律衰减,且荧光的衰减速度比抽运光快;当抽运光功率一定时,铒掺杂光纤在980nm激光抽运下产生的荧光功率比1480nm激光抽运下的低,且980nm激光抽运下产生荧光的阈值比1480nm的高;抽运光功率一定时,铒掺杂光纤中产生的荧光功率随其掺杂浓度的增加而增加,而抽运效率随着掺杂浓度的增加而降低;衰减系数一定时,荧光沿掺铒光纤轴向的衰减速度随增益系数的增加而增加。理论分析的结论与参考文献中的实验结果吻合得很好。因此,为有效抑制荧光产生、提高抽运效率,应选择980nm的激光作为抽运光源,并在激光器的增益一定时尽量降低光纤的掺杂浓度,或者在一定的掺杂浓度下尽量提高增益系数。     

光纤型宽带可调连续波差频产生中红外激光器转换效率的研究

以掺镱光纤激光器为抽运源、掺铒光纤激光器后接掺铒光纤放大器为信号源,利用周期极化掺镁铌酸锂晶体,研究了全光纤化差频产生中红外激光器的转换效率特性。结果表明,抽运光和信号光偏振态影响差频产生过程的转换效率,利用偏振控制器,可将抽运光和信号光偏振方向调节到与晶体光轴方向平行,以获得高的转换效率。抽运光和信号光的光束质量既影响差频产生过程的转换效率,又决定晶体纵向位置的容限,当聚焦系统由自聚焦透镜和焦距100mm平凸透镜组成时,相对转换效率达0.717mW-2,晶体纵向位置容限为44mm。此外,差频光在3126.36~3529.6nm范围内调谐时,转换效率基本保持不变。     

基于光子晶体光纤中多抽运四波混频效应的新型光层组播技术

光层组播是未来透明光子网络中一项重要的全光信号处理功能,提出并实验证实了一种基于色散平坦高非线性光子晶体光纤中多抽运四波混频效应的光层组播方法,将一束信号光与两束连续抽运光同时输入高非线性光子晶体光纤中,通过多抽运四波混频过程,产生四个携带该数据信息的闲频光,从而实现了单一信号的四信道光层组播功能,组播信道波长在35.2 nm范围可调谐,组播信道最大间距4.4 THz,最大转换效率-22 dB,最优Q因子为5.3,该方法的特点在于基于光纤中的四波混频效应工作,因而具有对调制格式和比特率透明的 关键词： 光层组播 多抽运四波混频 光子晶体光纤     

V型高双折射光子晶体光纤超连续谱产生的实验研究

高非线性高双折射光子晶体光纤是超连续谱产生的最有效介质之一, 因此本文选取V型光子晶体光纤作为研究对象. 通过多极理论数值模拟的结果, 确定V型光纤具有高双折射、高非线性等特性. 通过实验手段, 发现入射光中心波长和光纤的双折射效应对产生的超连续谱有很大的影响: 当入射光波长处于光子晶体光纤大的反常色散区时, 脉冲相对展得比较宽, 长轴要比短轴方向的超连续谱更宽, 频谱成分更加丰富. 在同一波长下光偏振方向越接近45°时, 超连续谱谱宽范围越大. 随着入射脉冲功率的增加, 超连续谱展得越宽, 但是当功率比较大时会达到功率饱和. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 高双折射 多极理论 超连续谱     

光子晶体光纤中受激布里渊散射慢光研究

基于受激布里渊散射的慢光在全光通信中具有重要的应用前景。传统的光纤作为慢光介质,具有较低的延迟效率,对光纤长度和抽运功率要求较高,而高非线性光子晶体光纤作为慢光介质应用于慢光系统,可以提高系统的延迟效率。实验选用一段70m长的高非线性光子晶体光纤作为慢光介质,在抽运功率101mW情况下,50ns脉冲信号获得了33dB的布里渊增益,脉冲延迟了30ns,延迟效率达到了0.0046ns/(mW.m),是普通单模光纤的13.7倍。该光纤应用于受激布里渊散射慢光系统可以有效缩短光纤长度和降低对抽运功率的要求,具有潜在的应用前景。     

新型高双折射微结构纤芯光子晶体光纤的可调谐超连续谱的特性研究

提出并制备了一种新型微结构纤芯光子晶体光纤,即在椭圆纤芯中增加一排亚微米级的空气孔,提高了光纤的双折射值,改变了两个偏振基模的色散特性.通过有限元法数值模拟了该光纤的双折射、非线性和色散等特性,并优化结构参数.使用脉宽为15 ps,重复频率为45 MHz的激光抽运该光纤,通过调节抽运激光入射的偏振方向,实现了可调谐的宽带超连续谱.实验研究了输入激光的功率和偏振方向对超连续谱的影响,以及输出超连续谱的偏振特性:当脉冲偏振方向沿着主轴入射时,得到了800—1500 nm的线偏振超连续谱,输出谱的消光比为21.2 d B;当脉冲偏振方向逐渐远离主轴时,输出超连续谱的谱宽逐渐变窄,并且在与主轴呈处达到最小值.维持抽运脉冲功率不变,仅改变脉冲入射的偏振方向,能够实现300 nm谱宽可调谐的超连续谱.     

孤子光脉冲的产生及其应用研究

利用非线性偏振旋转技术实现自起振被动锁模.在掺铒光纤环形腔激光器中产生了中心波长为1563.3 nm、重复频率为12.5 MHz、脉冲宽度为352.0 fs、3 dB光谱宽度为7.8 nm的孤子光脉冲.采用该孤子光脉冲作为抽运光源，经掺铒光纤放大器放大后，输入到101 m长的高非线性光子晶体光纤中，获得了20 dB带宽约为240 nm的超连续激光光谱.实验详细观测了光脉冲随抽运功率的变化及超连续激光光谱的形成过程，分析了其形成机理.研究表明：当抽运功率较低时，光谱加宽主要由高阶孤子的分裂引起；随着抽运功率的增加，高阶孤子分裂成基本孤子的数目逐渐增大，光谱进一步加宽；当抽运功率增加到受激拉曼散射的阈值时，受激拉曼散射成为光谱展宽的主要原因；抽运功率进一步增加时，受激拉曼散射、参量四波混频等非线性的共同作用将使光谱进一步加宽且变得光滑. 关键词： 孤子光纤激光器 超连续 光子晶体光纤     

光纤拉曼放大器中增益的偏振相关特性研究

提出了一种改进的、可用于计算偏振相关拉曼增益的光纤拉曼放大器的非线性耦合波方程。建立了单模双折射光纤拉曼增益的数学模型,分析了线偏振抽运光以与光纤快轴成45°激励的单模双折射光纤拉曼放大器模型与实际具有随机双折射的光纤拉曼放大器的拉曼增益偏振相关特性的等价性。基于上述模型,提出了一个可定量表征单模光纤偏振模色散统计特性的拉曼增益偏振相关因子,用以替代常规的光纤拉曼放大器非线性耦合波方程中的偏振相关因子。计算结果与已报道文献的实验数据非常吻合。同时对抽运增益在同向和反向抽运方式下截然不同的增益偏振相关特性给出了合理的解释。     

利用光纤中自发四波混频产生纠缠光子的实验装置

基于三阶非线性Kerr效应在光纤中产生非线性现象的理论,利用零色散位移光纤中的自发四波混频通过两种实验装置产生了纠缠光子：一种是采用脉冲光抽运由光纤构成的Sagnac光纤环;另一种是采用脉冲光直接抽运一段光纤.通过对不同装置下实验结果的比较,总结了产生高纯度纠缠光子所需的实验条件,并指出了两种装置各自的优缺点.这为研制适用于量子通信的全光纤纠缠光源和单光子源奠定了基础. 关键词： 纠缠光子 光纤 四波混频 量子通信     

Entangled photon generation in a nonlinear microring resonator for birefringence-based sensing applications

This paper proposes a new concept of birefringence-based sensor using the entangled photon timing walk-off compensation. The superposition of nonlinear light known as four-wave mixing is introduced by the Kerr nonlinear effects type within the ring device. The possible two entangled photon pairs are randomly generated using the polarization control unit. Results obtained have shown that the entangled state walk-off of light traveling within the ring device can be compensated. This means the changes in walk-off parameters can be relatively measured to the changes in the applied physical parameters. The potential of using such a proposed system for birefringence-based sensor applications is plausible and discussed.     

Passive optical switching of photon pairs using a spontaneous parametric fiber loop

We study a novel scheme named the spontaneous parametric fiber loop (SPFL), configured by deliberately introducing dispersive elements into the nonlinear Sagnac loop, and show it can function as a passive switch of photon pairs. The two-photon state coming out of SPFL highly depends on the dispersion induced phase difference of photon pairs counterpropagating in the loop. By properly managing the dispersive elements, the signal and idler photons of a pair with a certain detuning and bandwidth can be directed to the desired spatial modes of SPFL. If the photon pairs are used to generate heralded single photons, the SPFL can be viewed as a switch of single photons. Moreover, our investigation about the dispersion based phase modulation is also beneficial for designing all fiber sources of entangled photon pairs.     

Entangled photon states generation and regeneration using a nonlinear fiber ring resonator

We propose a simple system of the entangled photon states generation and regeneration using a standard diode laser, a Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) and a fiber optic ring resonator (FORR). Light from the diode laser is launched into an MZI and circulated in the FOOR, without any optical pumping components included in the system. The nonlinear light pulses are generated by a Kerr nonlinear effects type, while the resonance peaks are formed by the four-wave mixing of light pulses in the FORR. The entangled photons can be performed by using the polarization control device, and then detected by the avalanche photo-detectors, where the entangled photon visibility is plotted and seen. Similarly, the entangled photon states can be easily formed by using the appropriated coupling ratios into a fiber coupler, then into a ring resonator, i.e. without an MZI. The use of the entangled photons generation based on a fiber optic scheme for quantum teleportation, quantum key distribution via optical wireless link, and the system of the entangled photon states recovery by using a fiber ring resonator incorporating an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) have been investigated and discussed. The feasibility of dense coding using multi-entangled photons generation based on the fiber optic scheme and the effect of the entangled state walk-off along the optical fiber are also discussed, respectively.     

Nonlinearity penalties and benefits of light traveling in a fiber optic ring resonator

The nonlinearity properties of light traveling in a fiber optic ring resonator (FORR) are presented. The nonlinearity penalties suffering from Kerr effects and four-wave mixing nonlinear types including bistability, chaos and bifurcation are investigated. The advantages of the nonlinearity penalties including photon correlation, optical switching and information security using chaotic signals are also discussed. The obtained results have shown that the parameters of FORR can be changed, and thus the penalties of the nonlinear effects have shown the potential of using for some applications.     

Generation of photon pairs in dispersion shift fibers through spontaneous four wave mixing: Influence of self-phase modulation

Correlated signal and idler photon pairs with small detuning in the telecom band can be generated through spontaneous four-wave mixing in dispersion shift fibers. However, photons originated from other nonlinear processes in optical fibers, such as Raman scattering and self-phase modulation, may contaminate the photon pairs. It has been proved that photons produced by Raman scattering are the background noise of photon pairs. Here we show that photons induced by self-phase modulation of pump pulses are another origin of background noise. After studying the dependence of self-phase modulation induced photons in signal and idler bands, we demonstrate that the quantum correlation of photon pairs can be degraded by the self-phase modulation effect. The investigations are useful for characterizing and optimizing an all fiber source of photon pairs.     

Statistical properties of thermal radiation in a Kerr nonlinear blackbody

We study the statistical properties of thermal radiation in a Kerr nonlinear blackbody in which bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helities are bound into pairs and unpaired photons are transformed into a different kind of quasiparticle, the nonpolariton. This paper investigates the statistical properties of the photon blackbody field by using the second-order correlation function, the phase space distribution function, the photon number distribution and the nonclassical depth. The numerical computation and a discussion of the results are present.     

Photon statistics of the micromaser with a Kerr medium

We have established the master equation for the micromaser with a Kerr medium,we have studied the photon statics of the micromaser with a Kerr medium field and analysed the influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics,The influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics is different in two regimes,In the thermal-atom regime,the Kerr effect produces quantum noise,and decreases the mean photon number.In the ultracold-atom regime,with the increase of the nonlinear parameter of the Kerr medium,the stability of the mean photon number and the normalized variance enhances the mean photon number,and the normalized variance exhibits collapse-revival phenomena periodically,their resonance peaks become lower,and the photon statistics of more and more regions are sub-Poissonian.     

Pulse polarization entangled-photon generated by chaotic signals in a nonlinear micro-ring resonator for birefringence-based sensing applications

We propose a new concept of birefringence-based sensing using entangled-photon timing-walk-off compensation. Four-wave mixing within a micro-ring resonator is employed, which is introduced by the nonlinear Kerr effect. The two possible entangled photon pairs are randomly formed by using an external polarization control unit. Results obtained have shown that the entangled-photon walk-off state within the ring device can be compensated. This means that the changes in walk-off-state parameters can be measured in response to changes in the applied physical parameters. The experimentally determined relationship between temperature and the entangled-photon walk-off parameter is seen to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The potential of using the proposed system for the development of birefringence-based sensing systems is discussed.