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提出一种基于结构光条纹成像的光线追迹和波前重建方法.以结构光条纹相位为信息载体,采用相移技术精确地测量结构光条纹成像过程中相位的变化,实现高分辨的光线追迹,得到点列图.由于光线传播方向与波前垂直,凶此可以实现波前重建.将一个液晶显示器(LCD)置于点光源后,显示正弦灰度调制光栅图样以产生标准条纹光束.条纹光束通过被测光学元件后,发生变形.CCD记录下变形条纹图样,根据相移技术进行处理,计算后完成测量.由于调制光栅图样是由计算机产生的,所以光栅的周期和方向可以灵活设置,并可以实现精确的相移.实验验证了该方法的可行性. 相似文献
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对于含激波等大密度脉动结构气动光学流场,沿着直线路径对折射率积分会带来较大的光程误差.因此,数值求解光线方程进行光线追迹是必要的.与数值求解光线方程不同,元胞自动机(cellular automata,CA)通过给定光线位置和方向变换规则来模拟光线在介质中传输路径.本文基于已有的实验测量、数值仿真所获得的高超声速流场密度场数据,分别采用数值求解光线方程法和CA光线追迹算法进行光线追迹,进而得到光线出射流场后的光程差.结果表明, CA算法对于二维气动光学流场中光线追迹的适用性,且较数值求解光线方程方法具有更高的效率. 相似文献
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提出了一种基于表面双向反射分布函数(BRDF)离散测量值直接追迹散射光线的方法,以各向同性表面为例,先对随散射角离散变化的表面BRDF离散测量数据组做空间坐标转换,由散射角半球空间转换到方向余弦空间;再通过等间距赋值插等值方式得到方向余弦空间内分布的BRDF数据;然后,利用舍选抽样法不受限于累积分布函数(CDF)求解过程的优点,设计新的散射概率模型,以方向余弦空间内BRDF数值比表示离散光线的概率分布,设定检验条件筛选出散射光线的空间坐标,实现散射光线追迹。为验证本文方法的准确性与适用性,设置相同的入射角、追迹光线数量等仿真参数,编制了本文光线追迹方法的仿真程序,对不同光机元器件建模仿真,对比商用LightTools软件的仿真结果,计算二者的通用质量指数UQI作为比对评价指标。结果表明,基于舍选抽样BRDF离散数值的散射光线追迹方法,运算结果数据准确,与商用LightTools软件的仿真结果相比,UQI值均在0.998以上,且波动范围小,本方法具有良好地适用性。 相似文献
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针对现有发光二极管(LED)汽车后转向灯存在的配光性能不准确、能量利用率低等问题,设计了一款准直配光一体化的LED后转向灯透镜。该透镜根据非成像光学原理和斯涅尔定理,通过迭代求解的方法设计而成,其高度为8.32mm,直径为12.64mm。利用光学软件TracePro对实际光源和后转向灯透镜进行光线追迹模拟,结果表明:在z方向4-80°,Y方向4-80。的矩形区间,发光强度均大于1.6cd;在x方向±20°,Y方向±10°内发光强度呈近似矩形分布,且各测试点结果均满足GB17905-2008要求。该透镜可精确控制LED发出光线,有利于提高配光性能及能量利用率。 相似文献
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针对平板型太阳能聚光器中出现的漏光问题,提出了无漏光聚光器的设计方法.该方法结合简单的数学计算与折射定律、反射定律推导出光线在光波导板中无漏光传播的最大距离理论公式,建立了无漏光聚光比与空气隙结构张角角度、主聚光器高度和宽度之间的数学模型,利用控制变量法分析了无漏光聚光比与各参数之间的关系.运用光线追迹软件对所设计的平板型无漏光太阳能聚光器进行光线追迹模拟,结果表明:在模拟光源选择存在0.27°的发散半角的太阳光源条件下,考虑光线在透射面处的菲涅耳损失和光学材料的吸收,在无漏光范围内实际最大聚光比达到698×、857×和1 032×时的聚光效率分别为88.2%、85.3%和80.2%;超过无漏光范围后随着聚光比进一步增大聚光效率下降较平缓. 相似文献
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《X射线光谱测定》2006,35(6):347-351
Components of the response function of an HPGe detector for 32 keV incident photons (Ba Kα x‐rays) were studied using a Monte Carlo program. Physical mechanisms and the role of incident photons, detector x‐rays, photoelectrons and Compton recoil and Auger electrons for each component were investigated. The position, intensity and shape of the components, particularly of the photoelectrons, were studied in detail. Two distinct components for photoelectron escape were identified by considering the fate of photoelectrons, Ge x‐rays and Auger electrons produced in the same interaction. In contrast to the often‐cited shelflike structure, it was found that both components have a slope. The contribution of recoil electrons to the spectrum for single, double and multiple Compton scattering followed by photoelectric absorption of the scattered photon was investigated. The results of the Monte Carlo simulations are presented along with the measured Ba x‐ray spectrum. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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从几何光学出发,推导了毛细管干涉仪的从柱面透镜到接收屏的光线的光程.对光线追迹模拟,结果表明毛细管干涉仪的干涉条纹的形成可用双光束的干涉来解释.从柱面不同位置入射的两条光线可能具有相同的光程,而且从柱面透镜不同位置出发的两条光线可能到达接收屏的同一点,当它们满足相干条件时,就会形成干涉条纹.建立了干涉条纹的计算机模拟程序, 模拟了毛细管中液体折射率、毛细管内径、外径对干涉条纹的影响. 结果表明实验中应使用薄壁毛细管, 由于干涉条纹对柱面透镜到毛细管之间的距离非常敏感, 为提高精度, 建议在实验中用已知折射率的标样来确定这一距离. 相似文献
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We use exact ray trace to calculate the interferometric Dove prism tolerance to manufacturing errors. We model the manufacturing errors by modifying the position of the prism vertices. The normal to the prism faces establishes the direction of the rays. We determine the prism tolerance by analyzing the optical traversed path rays. We evaluate the change in the image quality introduced by the normal deviation. When the manufacturing tolerance is maintained within ±0.35 arc sec, the maximum wave-front deviation is better than λ/10 at 633 nm. We found that a Dove prism with such tolerance introduces an OPD of two orders of magnitude lesser than a commercial Dove prism. The exact ray trace accuracy of the developed program is validated with the commercially available optical-design program OSLO™. The calculated tolerance complements a previous analysis of a Dove prism for its implementation in a rotationally shearing interferometer. 相似文献
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The aberrations of a concave grating are derived by computation; the resolving power is estimated from the intersections of the rays with the image plane. It is shown that an aspheric grating can be used to advantage in a monochromator of Zeya-Namioka type.We are indebted to V. A. Efimov for compiling the computer program. 相似文献
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A. G. Dubovyi N. M. Nesterova V. P. Pavlyuchenko L. G. Sveshnikova A. P. Chubenko 《Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics》2007,71(4):534-536
The Tien Shan experimental data on hadrons with energies 1–50 TeV in extensive air showers from (0.3–3)-PeV primary cosmic rays are compared with the results of different model calculations, including the CORSIKA + QGSJET1 program. On the basis of the comparison of the energy spectra of hadrons, conclusions are drawn about the increase in the interaction cross section between protons and nuclei of air atoms with an increase in energy from 0.1 TeV (accelerators with a fixed target) to 3 PeV (extensive air showers) and the behavior of other main interaction parameters. 相似文献
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Masahiro Hashimoto 《Optics Communications》1977,23(3):410-412
We report the results of observation of weakly luminous rays produced by the gaussian beam incidence on the surface of inhomogeneous dielectric materials. These rays are experimentally distinguished from the ordinary geometrical optics rays that are reflected at the air-dielectric interface. The results are consistent with the theoretical prediction that the luminous phenomenon is caused by the reflection of the incident ray at every point in the inhomogeneous medium. 相似文献