光栅辅助的光纤谐振环反射特性研究

针对成品相移光栅反射谱中透射窗口位置的小可调谐性,提出了一种由单模光纤谐振环和普通布拉格光栅组成的新型器件.利用信号流程网的方法,详细分析了该器件的工作原理,给出了该器件的反射输出表达式,并推导了该器件的精细度和半峰全宽的表达式,利用Matlab进行了数值模拟.结果发现光栅辅助的光纤谐振环的反射谱具有相移光栅反射谱的特点,并且该器件反射谱中透射窗口的深度和位置还具有可调谐性.最后,分析了光纤谐振环参数对该器件反射谱的半峰全宽和精细度的影响,为进一步提高该器件作为窄线宽单频光纤激光器选频元件的性能提供了理论依据.     

光频段双层手征结构光学特性及负折射率研究

设计了一种工作在光波段的新型四重对称的双层手征结构,通过数值模拟得到透射系数和反射系数,反演计算了结构的圆二色性、旋光角、手征参数和折射率。结果表明该结构在谐振波长附近具有很强的旋光性,并且在椭偏度为零时,即透射光变成完全线偏振光时,旋光角达到了55°;在一定波段内可以实现左旋圆偏振光(LCP)和右旋圆偏振光(RCP)的负折射率,且不需要介电常数和磁导率同时为负,更重要的是,实现负折射率的左旋圆偏振光(LCP)具有较宽的频带,不局限于谐振波长附近,在椭偏度为零时,折射率也为负。考虑到具体的实验制作,对加衬底的手征结构进行了数值模拟,结果表明谐振波长向长波长方向产生了偏移,完全线性偏振光的旋光角仍然有40°。     

太赫兹人工表面等离子体共面激发与高Q传感

本文提出使用单层光栅超表面结构耦合的方式实现太赫兹人工表面等离子体激元（SSP）共面激发,克服了通过介质耦合器在实际应用时需要反射测量等缺点。在单层金属结构上同时构造周期性光栅和太赫兹SSP复合结构,当太赫兹波垂直入射时,可实现光栅波矢和SSP波矢相匹配,激发SSP模式,在透射谱中可以产生高Q值谐振峰,其Q因子可以达到1 923。分析了结构参数对光栅耦合超表面透射谱以及色散特性的影响。基于该结构透射谱中的高Q谐振峰进行传感研究,在谐振中心频率为0.22 THz时,实现传感灵敏度为67 GHz/RIU。本文所提出的光栅耦合超表面复合结构仅使用单层超表面结构实现了太赫兹SSP模式的激发以及高Q传感,在诸多实际应用领域具有较大的研究潜力。     

新型内反射旋光光学滤波器研究

基于氯酸钠晶体的各向同性和旋光色散特性,利用线偏振光以Brewster角内反射时P分量反射率为零的特性,研制出一种新型内反射旋光光学滤波器,该光学滤波器仅需采用单个偏振片,即可达到良好的滤波效果.利用Mueller矩阵对该滤波器的滤波特性进行理论分析以及实验测试,结果表明对含有532 nm和632.8 nm谱线的线偏振光,改变起偏器角度即可连续调制出射红、绿光的光强,当起偏器较初始位置旋转过133.36°和173.06°时,绿光和红光分别消光,绿光和红光的隔离度可达10 dB. 关键词： 光学滤波器 各向同性 旋光色散 偏振     

基于谐振环的太赫兹宽带偏振转换器件研究

提出了一个基于谐振环结构的宽带且高效的太赫兹线偏振转换器.该结构由金属-电介质-金属三层构成,位于顶层的是基于开口谐振环的超表面,中间为介质层,底部为金属板.实验结果表明,该结构可以在0.59-1.24 THz频率范围内将线偏振的太赫兹波偏振方向旋转90°,转换率超过80%.通过计算该结构在所研究的频率范围内反射光的偏振角和椭圆角,证实了该结构可以在较宽的频率范围内实现高效的线偏振转换.对该结构在偏振转换率高的频率下表面电流和电场进行仿真,分析了高偏振转换率和宽带的机理.同时,研究了该结构的偏振转换率对入射角以及偏振角的依赖性,结果表明该结构在0°-30°入射角范围内、-10°-10°偏振角范围内均有很好的偏振转换性能.     

磁光光子晶体结构的法拉第效应增强

在超薄薄膜的基础上,基于时域有限差分法原理,利用FDTD Solutions仿真软件分别研究了基于两种多层膜结构和一种金属光栅结构的磁光光子晶体法拉第旋光效应。研究表明,多层膜结构的法拉第旋光效应增强原理为入射光在薄膜中心层的透射谱谐振,而金属光栅周期结构的法拉第效应增强是通过金属光栅激发表面等离子体实现的;在三种结构中,金属光栅周期结构具有更广的法拉第偏转角增强域。进一步通过参数优化,实现对金属光栅周期结构工作波长的可调节性研究,为薄膜型磁光器件设计提供了理论依据。     

偏振无关的旋光双反射结构的实验研究

完成了偏振无关双旋光晶体双反射结构的实验研究. 根据其偏振补偿特点对双旋光晶体双反射结构进行简化, 提出了一种偏振无关的单旋光晶体双反射结构. 实验表明, 两种反射结构的偏振保持度均能达到99.97%以上. 作为对比, 分别测试了单个反射镜反射90°和两个反射镜反射90°时的输出光偏振态. 该条件下, 无保偏处理的反射镜的偏振保持度分别只有92.1%和76.2%. 关键词： 偏振态 偏振无关反射 旋光晶体     

基于双开口谐振环超表面的宽带太赫兹涡旋光束产生

提出了一种基于双开口谐振环单元结构超表面的太赫兹宽带涡旋光束产生器.该结构由金属-电介质两层构成,位于顶层的是基于双开口谐振环单元结构的超表面,底层为介质层.对单元结构阵列进行数值仿真,圆偏振的入射光可以被转换成相应的交叉偏振透射光,通过旋转表层金属谐振环,可以控制交叉偏振透射光具有相同的振幅和不同的相位.这些单元结构按照特定的规律排列,可以形成用以产生不同拓扑荷数的涡旋光束的涡旋相位板.以拓扑荷数1和2为例,设计了两种涡旋相位板,数值分析了圆偏振波垂直入射到该涡旋相位板生成交叉圆偏振涡旋光束的特性.结果表明,在1.39—1.91 THz的频率范围内产生了比较理想的不同拓扑荷数的涡旋光束,且透过率高于20%,最高可达到24%,接近单层透射式超表面的理论极限值.     

基于表面等离子激元的凸环结构金属-介质-金属滤波器设计

利用边界耦合的方法构造了金属-介质-金属结构滤波器,该结构由一个凸环谐振腔与一个波导管耦合而成.通过有限元法数值仿真得到了该凸环腔体波导结构的磁场分布图、透射谱线和谐振波长分布,分析了各结构参量对滤波器传输特性的影响.结果表明,所提出的凸环滤波器具有透射峰窄,谱线平滑等特点,且阻带透射率最低可达0.001,通带透射率最高可达0.977.增大结构参量h2和neff时,相应的透射谱会发生明显的红移,增大结构参量L1时,透射谱几乎无变化.对结构参量进行调整和优化,相应的谐振波长可分布在第一通信窗口(850nm)和第三通信窗口(1 550nm)附近,能够很好地运用于光通信中.     

高Q光纤环谐振腔陀螺角速度传感研究

模拟仿真了谐振式光纤环腔的透射谱线以及鉴频曲线,得透射谱线最低谷值对应为调制谐振点,鉴频曲线的线性区为陀螺的工作范围区,线性区中点对应谐振点,可作为标度因数最大值.为了实现谐振点的高精度锁频和稳频,设计了谐振式光纤陀螺角速率测定方案,使用比例积分反馈电路实施锁频,利用正弦波扫描窄线宽激光器(线宽小于1kHz)的压电转化模块,使激光器谐振腔长发生变化,从而改变其输出频率,对谐振光纤环腔随外界环境变化同时进行跟踪和锁定.利用线宽法测试并计算出光纤环形谐振腔的品质因数值为107,对比分析了光纤环腔在谐振点和非谐振点锁定情况下的光电探测实时输出,并通过转动测试,得到两种情况下锁定后陀螺的连续转动效果.计算了光纤陀螺系统理论检测灵敏度,结果表明:谐振点锁定后转动效果对应的陀螺输出电平值为锁定非谐振点转速电平值的3倍,验证了谐振式光学陀螺谐振点锁频的重要性.     

Unusual transmission through usual one-dimensional photonic crystal in the presence of evanescent wave

Basing on the condition that the incident angle is larger than the total internal reflection angle, we present a systematic study of transmission properties of one-dimensional photonic crystal with all dielectric materials by the transfer matrix method and the Bloch’s theorem. Due to the existence of the evanescent field within the structure, the transmission bands consist of some discrete symmetry peaks. For light with these peak frequencies, the structure is either transparent or opaque depending on the number of the structure periods. The unusual transmission properties are attributed to the field distribution and Bloch wave vector.     

基于折线形手征负折射介质结构的设计与仿真

分别设计和仿真了一种新型的工作在微波段和光波段的折线形手征介质结构.利用仿真得到的透射系数和反射系数反演计算了该结构的旋光角、椭偏度、相对介电常数、相对磁导率、手征参数以及折射率等参数.结果表明该结构在这两种波段下都显示出极大的旋光角和椭偏度,且因具有大的手征参数,而不再需要介电常数和磁导率同时为负就可实现左旋圆极化波(LCP)和右旋圆极化波(RCP)的负折射率. 关键词： 手征介质 旋光角 椭偏度 负折射率     

Resonant interaction of light with a banded domain structure

The distinctive features of the interaction of light with a banded domain structure produced by linear magnetooptical effects are discussed. A dispersion law for characteristic circular waves is found which contains regions of forbidden spatial frequencies in which the interaction of light with the structure is of a resonance nature. Dependences of the reflection and transmission coefficients and angle of rotation of the polarization plane on frequency and crystal size are obtained for these regions.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 84–88, March, 1982.     

高斯光束在单轴挛晶界面上的反射与折射

给出了高斯光束入射到挛晶结构的电磁场分布,解出了反射系数和透射系数。根据晶体的色散关系解出了入射角、反射角和折射角关于晶体参量及波矢的方程,并根据角度方程给出了在一定参量下反射角和折射角关于入射角变化的关系图,以图示的方法显示了光束在界面处的异常性质。根据角度关系和反射、透射系数分析了异常光束在界面处能够出现二性折射、负反射、全透射和全反射等光束的奇特性质;分析了出现这些奇特性质对晶体参量和入射角所要求的条件。根据时间平均的能流密度公式,用数值模拟的方法给出了二性折射、全透射和全反射在特定参量下的高斯光束在挛晶内的能流密度分布图及当发生全反射时不同宽度光束在界面处关于入射角的古斯-亨兴(Goos-Hanchen)位移。     

Analysis of metamaterials using transmission line models

We use simple transmission line models with lumped elements of inductance and capacitance to interpret optical transmission and reflection spectra of cut wires and cut-wire pairs in the near infrared region. The numerical values of the elements are obtained by fitting experimental or numerical simulated reflectance and transmittance spectra. The scattering parameters and the retrieved effective material parameters calculated from the transmission line models show good agreements with those obtained from experiments or numerical simulations. This indicates that transmission line theory is a powerful tool for designing and analyzing metamaterials at optical frequencies. PACS 41.20.Jb; 78.67.-n; 78.66.Sg     

Optical response from dual-frequency hybrid-aligned nematic liquid crystal cells

Dual-frequency hybrid-aligned nematic liquid crystal cells and the influence of the parameters of a control electric field on their optical response are studied. It is found that the harmonic oscillations of the optical transmission in such cells are observed in the interval between low frequency-to-high frequency voltage switchings unlike in conventional twisted nematic cells. A V-shaped bistable optical response is obtained by successively applying sinusoidal electric fields with frequencies of 1 and 30 kHz to a twisted nematic cell. For a liquid crystal layer 8 ??m thick and an applied voltage of 50 V, the response time is 10 ms. In a hybrid-aligned twisted-nematic cell with a large initial tilt angle of the director (about 70°), the V-shaped optical response is observed when the inclined homeotropic state is switched to the twisted state by applying a 30-kHz field. The initial structure of the layer recovers as a result of natural elastic relaxation, and the response time increases roughly fourfold.     

Probing interlayer coupling in twisted single‐crystal bilayer graphene by Raman spectroscopy

Twisted bilayer graphene, in which interlayer interaction plays a critical role in this coupled system, is characterized for its angle‐dependent electronic and optical properties. Here, we present a systematic Raman study of single‐crystal twisted bilayer graphene grains, with the spectra of each bilayer graphene precisely correlated to its twist angle using combined transmission electron microscopic technique. Van Hove singularities develop as a result of band rehybridization at the crossing Dirac cones of the two layers, giving rise to a critical twist angle that determines the energy separation between the saddle points in the band structure and the resonance Raman spectra accordingly. The 2D mode becomes sensitive to the twist angle, showing the angle‐dependent position, peak width, and intensity. Our results interpreted in the framework of angle‐dependent double resonance scattering provide an important experimental perspective in understanding the coupled bilayer graphene system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Control of absorption spectrum of a one-dimensional resonant photonic crystal

The crystal under consideration is a layered structure consisting of alternating layers of two materials, one of which is a resonantly absorbing gas. It is shown that the combination of the dispersion of an atomic gas with the dispersion of a photonic-bandgap structures allows one to efficiently control the transmission spectra of s- and p-polarized modes in these combined systems. It is found that the spectrum is highly sensitive to the position of the gas resonance frequency with respect to the bandgap edge and to a change in the gas pressure. The transmission, reflection, and absorption spectra of the resonant photonic crystal are studied at an angle of incidence equal to the Brewster angle of a seed photonic crystal. Possible applications of the found particular features of the dispersion of resonant photonic crystals are discussed.     

Reflection and transmission of phonons at a planar interface between two dissimilar solids

Two semi-infinite dissimilar crystals with, however, the same crystal structure and lattice parameter are in contact at a planar interface. Using a simple force constant model, restricted to near-neighbour interaction reflection and transmission coefficients for sound waves propagating along one solid are calculated. At low frequencies the reflection and transmission coefficients are determined solely by the force constants and the atomic masses in the two media. At high frequencies the transmission coefficient becomes small if the force constant at the interface between the two media is weak. Information of the local force constant in the interface region can be gained at least in principle, by measuring the reflection and transmission coefficients at high frequencies.     

各向异性光子晶体的全反射隧穿偏振特性

为了研究一维各向异性光子晶体的全反射隧穿偏振特性,利用传输矩阵法计算了TE波和TM波以大于全反射角入射一维各向异性光子晶体时的透射率,在透射波中发现了TE波和TM波的一、二级全反射隧穿带.得出了与一维各向同性光子晶体的全反射隧穿效应的不同点,即TE波和TM波的一、二级全反射隧穿带的频率中心和频率宽度存在着较大的差异,利用这个特性可以将两种偏振光进行频率分离,为设计优质偏振滤波器提供理论依据.