光子晶体的光学特性与近场光学测量表征

光子晶体具有独特而优异的光学特性及广泛的应用前景。介绍了光子晶体的概念、应用、发展,着重讨论了光子晶体的光子禁带、光子局域以及其它光学特性。从近场光学的原理和实验技术出发阐述了近场光学测量表征光子晶体的方法,对于光子晶体的研究具有重要的意义。     

一维光子晶体与光学多层介质膜

本文阐述了一维光子晶体和光子禁带的概念,对比了一维光子晶体与光学多层介质膜在结构和特性方面的联系和差别,运用薄膜光学的理论和方法讨论了多层介质膜的高反射带与光子禁带和膜系结构参量的关系.     

二维排列共振吸收介质的光学特性研究

从理论上提出了一种二维排列的共振吸收介质阵列，计算了介质阵列的透射、反射与吸收光谱，发现存在着类似一维主动光子晶体中的共振光子带隙，并且这种结构的布里渊区边界点与二维阵列中原子之间的频率共振是产生这种共振带隙的必要条件. 本文还进一步分析了光子带隙与结构参数、二维阵列中原子共振中心以及吸收线宽之间的依赖关系. 关键词： 二维共振吸收介质阵列 布里渊区 光子晶体     

一维光子晶体的光学传输特性分析

采用等效F-P腔方法对一维光子晶体进行研究,计算并讨论不同周期数的一维光子晶体对光学传输特性的影响.计算结果表明,一维光子晶体具有光子禁带,表现为对光的高反射率;掺杂的一维光子晶体的光子禁带中央将出现频宽极窄的缺陷态,即光子局域,与复折射率和晶体周期数有密切的关系.所得结果与实验分析一致,证明了方法的有效性和实用性,并为光子晶体的设计提供依据.     

具有禁带展宽特性的一维光子晶体

提出了介质的光学厚度系数成圆形分布的一维光子晶体结构,与周期结构的光子晶体相比,该结构具有禁带展宽特性.同时讨论了起止膜层及膜层的光学厚度对该结构禁带特性的影响,优化出了在所选材料的介电常数所允许的频率范围内,具有完全禁带特征的光子晶体结构.     

光学厚度对一维三元光子晶体禁带特性的影响

运用光学传输矩阵理论,研究了一维三元光子晶体的禁带特性.数值模拟结果表明：最高折射率和最低折射率介质的光学厚度明显地影响其绝对禁带宽度,而较高折射率介质的光学厚度对其相对禁带宽度影响较大.与二元光子晶体相比,三元光子晶体的绝对带宽和相对带宽都远远大于二元光子晶体.     

一维光子晶体的基本周期结构及其禁带特征

本文采用光学导纳特征矩阵方法讨论了光波在一维分层介质的传播特性,分析了一维光子晶体的基本周期结构对光子禁带的特征的影响,指出了这种特性的应用.     

基于拓扑光子晶体的新型光波导研究

光子晶体是具有光子禁带特性的周期性结构,它可具有拓扑属性.由于光学拓扑态能为系统带来一些新的特性,这些新特性在通信、计算、材料等领域都有着巨大的应用前景,因此对拓扑光子晶体的研究受到了广泛的关注.本文回顾了拓扑光子晶体的发展历程,介绍了3种拓扑光子晶体的理论原理与实验方案,分析了光子晶体具有单向传输和抗散射传输性质的边...     

超窄带和多通道窄带光子晶体滤波器

构造了形如(AB)^mB^n(BA)^m的一维光子晶体，并利用光学传输矩阵法对这种光子晶体进行了数值模拟计算，对其光子能带特性进行了分析。计算结果表明，当m=6、m=4，而n变化时，在一定的波段范围内，在这种结构光子晶体的禁带区内分别获得了一个和多个很窄的透过峰：这种结构的光子晶体可以用来制作超窄带滤波器和多通道窄带滤波器，有望在光通信超密度波分复用技术和光学信息精密测量技术中获得广泛应用.     

光量子阱单滤波、多通道开关

在对称的光学厚度为1/4波长光子晶体体系中插入另一光学厚度为半波长的光子晶体形成光量子阱.通过控制入射光强可微小地改变此含缺陷光子晶体材料的介电常数,从而可形成高效的多通道光学开关,同时位于中心频率处的EM波保持高透射.研究表明该光学开关的阈值随缺陷光子晶体的层数增加而减小.     

Spectral properties of a one-dimensional resonant photonic crystal

The eigenexcitation and transmission spectra of a one-dimensional resonant photonic crystal are studied for TM and TE polarized electromagnetic waves. The crystal considered is a layered structure consisting of alternating isotropic layers and layers of a resonantly absorbing gas. The performed calculations show that the band structure of the spectra of the resonant photonic crystal significantly changes as the angle of incidence and the density of the resonant gas are varied. The structure of the spectra of additional transmission in the bandgap of the resonant photonic crystal is studied taking into account the decay of electromagnetic modes. The possibilities of controlling the spectrum of electromagnetic modes are indicated.

     

有限宽度布拉格原子层中光子囚禁与移动孤子的研究

研究二能级原子层宽度对一维共振吸收布拉格反射镜中自感应透明光孤子形成的影响.结果表明：在有限宽度的二能级原子层中仍可激发稳定的移动孤子，其激发条件对原子层宽度依赖不大；然而静止孤子的存在条件却敏感地依赖于原子层的宽度，二能级原子层宽度只有小于某一特定值时，光脉冲才能演化成静止孤子. 关键词： 有限宽度 周期结构 移动孤子 静止孤子     

Control of absorption spectrum of a one-dimensional resonant photonic crystal

The crystal under consideration is a layered structure consisting of alternating layers of two materials, one of which is a resonantly absorbing gas. It is shown that the combination of the dispersion of an atomic gas with the dispersion of a photonic-bandgap structures allows one to efficiently control the transmission spectra of s- and p-polarized modes in these combined systems. It is found that the spectrum is highly sensitive to the position of the gas resonance frequency with respect to the bandgap edge and to a change in the gas pressure. The transmission, reflection, and absorption spectra of the resonant photonic crystal are studied at an angle of incidence equal to the Brewster angle of a seed photonic crystal. Possible applications of the found particular features of the dispersion of resonant photonic crystals are discussed.     

Radiation damping in atomic photonic crystals

The force exerted on a material by an incident beam of light is dependent upon the material's velocity in the laboratory frame of reference. This velocity dependence is known to be difficult to measure, as it is proportional to the incident optical power multiplied by the ratio of the material velocity to the speed of light. Here we show that this typically tiny effect is greatly amplified in multilayer systems composed of resonantly absorbing atoms exhibiting ultranarrow photonic band gaps. The amplification effect for optically trapped 87Rb is shown to be as much as 3 orders of magnitude greater than for conventional photonic-band-gap materials. For a specific pulsed regime, damping remains observable without destroying the system and significant for material velocities of a few ms(-1).     

Nonlinear dynamics of negatively refracted light in a resonantly absorbing Bragg reflector

The evolution of nonlinear light fields traveling inside a resonantly absorbing Bragg reflector is studied by use of Maxwell-Bloch equations. Numerical results show that a pulse initially resembling a light bullet may effectively experience negative refraction and anomalous dispersion in the resonantly absorbing Bragg reflector.     

Optically tunable photonic stop bands in homogeneous absorbing media

Resonantly absorbing media supporting electromagnetically induced transparency may give rise to specific periodic patterns where a light probe is found to experience a fully developed photonic band gap yet with negligible absorption everywhere. In ultracold atomic samples the gap is found to arise from spatial regions where Autler-Townes splitting and electromagnetically induced transparency alternate with one another and detailed calculations show that accurate and efficient coherent optical control of the gap can be accomplished. The remarkable experimental simplicity of the control scheme would ease quantum nonlinear optics applications.     

Photonic molecule lasing

Lasing at resonantly coupled whispering-gallery mode frequencies is observed in photonic molecules consisting of bispheres of 4.2 and 5.1 microm in diameter placed in a silicon V-groove. We examine spatial profiles of photonic molecule modes by use of frequency-resolved imaging and reveal bonding and antibonding mode features. From the lasing threshold characteristics, we quantitatively measure the quality factor and the spontaneous-emission coupling ratio of the photonic molecule modes and confirm that strong coherent coupling leads to photonic molecule modes.     

Smith-Purcell radiation from a charge running near the surface of a photonic crystal

Smith-Purcell radiation from a charge running near a photonic crystal is calculated for a slab system of a periodic array of dielectric spheres, with the photonic band effect taken into account exactly. The radiation spectrum has a series of resonantly enhanced structures, which are shown to arise accompanying the excitation of the photonic bands. It is also shown that the overall intensity of the emission band does not depend very strongly on the slab thickness but the height of the resonant peaks increases progressively with thickness due to the enhanced Q value of excited photonic bands.     

Optical third-harmonic generation in one-dimensional photonic crystals and microcavities

The formalism of nonlinear transfer matrices is used to develop a phenomenological model of a cubic nonlinear-optical response of one-dimensional photonic crystals and microcavities. It is shown that third-harmonic generation can be resonantly enhanced by frequency-angular tuning of the fundamental wave to the photonic band-gap edges and the microcavity mode. The positions and amplitudes of third-harmonic resonances at the edges of a photonic band gap strongly depend on the value and sign of the dispersion of refractive indexes of the layers that constitute the photonic crystal. Model calculations elucidate the role played by phase matching and spatial localization of the fundamental and third-harmonic fields inside a photonic crystal as the main mechanisms of enhancement of third-harmonic generation. The experimental spectrum of third-harmonic intensity of a porous silicon microcavity agrees with the calculated results.