海洋重力图加密仿真实验研究

研究Krige插值算法在海洋重力数据加密中的应用。对已知海域内的重力数据进行等间隔提取,产生1′×2′、2′×1′、2′×2′、4′×4′间隔的重力数据,应用Krige算法及交叉检验的方式分析Krige算法执行能力。仿真结果表明采用Krige方法对重力实际测量数据进行插值处理可以获得高密度、规则网格化的数字重力图。     

一种基于多参考信号ICA的重力信号提取方法

海洋重力测量包含大量噪声,其中的低频噪声与重力信号频率相近,常用算法难以有效抑制测量噪声提取重力信号。为了有效地消除海洋重力测量信号的噪声,提高信号的获取精度,根据独立分量分析理论,提出一种基于多参考信号独立分量分析的重力信号提取方法。采用经验模态分解将海洋重力测量信号分解为固有模态分量,同时采用卡尔曼滤波以及小波分解等算法处理重力测量信号,将卡尔曼滤波器和小波分解的滤波结果以及由固有模态分量重构的信号作为独立分量分析算法虚拟通道的参考信号,应用基于负熵的独立分量分析算法估计重力信号。基于实测重力信号对该方法进行了去噪试验,理论分析和试验结果表明,多参考信号独立分量分析的重力信号提取方法能有效的抑制干扰和恢复重力信号波形,与常用的重力信号处理算法相比,海洋重力数据的获取精度大约提高了30%。     

基于自寻优小波降噪算法的海洋重力数据滤波

为抑制船测重力数据中的噪声,提升海洋重力场数据精度,提出了可自动修正阈值参数的自寻优小波降噪算法。首先比较了IIR滤波器、FIR滤波器、Kalman滤波方法、传统小波降噪方法的滤波效果,分析了几种方法的特点及适用性。其次,根据海洋重力信号大多属于缓变的特点,借鉴遗传算法思想,设计了自寻优小波降噪算法。最后,利用湖上船载原子重力仪测量数据进行了实验验证,实验结果表明,自寻优小波降噪算法解决了传统小波降噪方法泛化能力弱、对复杂噪声分量滤除不彻底的问题,与IIR滤波器、FIR滤波器、Kalman滤波方法和传统小波降噪方法等滤波算法相比,滤波结果更接近有用信号,不需要对数据进行截短,滤波后信号精度提升了17%以上。     

基于局部Petrov-Galerkin离散方案的无网格法

基于局部Petrov-Galerkin离散方案,选用自然邻近插值构造试函数,用Shepard函数作为权函数,提出了一种无网格方法(MNNPG),这种方法充分发挥了局部Petrov-Galerkin法的优势,并且结合了自然邻近插值的特点,方便引入边界条件,由于以Shepard函数的圆形支集作为积分子域,用分片中点插值来完成区域积分,无需额外背景网格,是一种真正的无网格法。本文将该无网格方法用于求解二维弹性力学边值问题,算例结果很好地吻合了精确解,表明该方法具有良好的数值精度和稳定性。     

基于信息扩散的海洋稀疏资料插值算法-概率模型

针对海洋观测资料零散、稀少等问题,提出了基于信息扩散思想的插值方法-信息扩散插值算法。该方法基于模糊映射思想,通过对稀疏数据点信息进行模糊扩散和插值映射,进而实现有限数据点信息向其邻近区域点的概率插值。针对正态扩散函数在表现广义非对称结构数据资料时存在的局限性,发展了一类非均匀信息扩散插值算法-概率模型,进行了海温资料插值试验和对比分析。     

自适应Kalman和零相移滤波算法在重力信号处理中的对比

为了有效消除海洋重力仪测量信号的噪声,提高重力数据的获取精度,根据随机过程理论,借助基于二阶高斯一马尔可夫异常位模型的重力异常协方差函数,得到海洋重力测量中重力异常信号的状态方程.对sage-husa滤波算法和零相移算法进行了理论分析,为了抑制零相移滤波器的首尾数据畸变,求解了滤波器的初始状态.根据实测重力数据,进行了去噪仿真试验.理论分析和仿真结果表明,sage-husa与零相移滤波算法均能较好地抑制采样重力数据中的噪声干扰,但零相移滤波算法的性能优于sage-husa滤波器.     

基于信息扩散的海洋稀疏观测资料插值算法-椭圆模型

针对海洋科学研究中ARGO等观测资料零散、稀少等问题,提出了一种基于信息扩散思想的插值方法一信息扩散插值算法。该方法基于模糊映射思想,通过对稀少数据点信息进行模糊扩散和插值映射,进而实现有限数据点信息向其邻近区域点的概率插值;针对正态扩散函数在表现非对称结构的数据资料时存在的局限性,发展了一类非均匀信息扩散函数,建立了相应的非均匀信息扩散插值算法一椭圆模型,进行了试验对比和实际ARGO资料的插值应用。     

海洋重力测量误差补偿技术

海洋重力场信息在勘探矿源和导航定位等方面都具有重要意义.进行海洋重力实时测量时,重力仪会受到各种外界扰动力的影响,再加上重力敏感器本身稳定性和惯性平台系统性能影响,重力敏感器的输出需要进行一系列数据处理和补偿后才能得到当地重力异常值,研究了重力敏感器安装角误差标定、零位漂移估计和格值修正等重力数据预处理方法.分析了海洋重力测量数据处理流程,主要包括零点漂移补偿、水平加速度误差补偿、厄特弗斯效应修正、高度修正和噪声滤波处理等.对每个数据处理过程都提出了具体补偿算法,并分析了补偿后的重力测量误差,将以上重力数据处理方法应用到实际重力测量,结果表明重力仪能够准确测量出当地重力值,其精度为1 mGa1.     

海洋重力测量畸变的消除方法

重力辅助导航进行匹配计算过程中,需要得到当前实时海洋重力数据,而海洋重力仪为了抑制垂直方向上干扰加速度,往往施加强阻尼对由垂直扰动加速度引起的采样质量的位移进行大幅度地压缩,但这同时引起测量得到的重力信号的畸变.因此,消除由于传感器强阻尼造成的重力数据畸变,获得高精度实时重力值,成为一个迫切的问题.为消除此畸变,采用反滤波方法对测量数据进行处理,达到实时获取当前重力异常数据的目的.通过仿真研究表明:反滤波技术可以恢复原始重力异常信号,减小由于强阻尼造成的幅值衰减和相位延迟,提高测量精度.     

捷联惯组误差系数的分形特征及插值算法

针对传统模型难以描述捷联惯组误差系数的复杂性、突变性和非线性特征这一问题,研究了其多重分形特征,并提出了一种自适应分形插值算法.利用盒维数和MF-DFA方法分析得出捷联惯组误差系数具有明显的多重分形特征.改进了适用于非等间隔数据的垂直比例因子求取算法,根据测试数据间隔大小赋予每个仿射变换不同的概率和使用次数,按照无放回抽样原则进行随机分形插值,在不增加迭代次数的条件下解决了分形插值点分布不均匀的问题.利用加权平均法得到指定时间的标定值.结果表明,所提算法插值准确性比常规分形插值至少提高了3倍.     

Acoustic simulation using a novel approach for reducing dispersion error

It is well‐known that the traditional finite element method (FEM) fails to provide accurate results to the Helmholtz equation with the increase of wave number because of the ‘pollution error’ caused by numerical dispersion. In order to overcome this deficiency, a gradient‐weighted finite element method (GW‐FEM) that combines Shepard interpolation and linear shape functions is proposed in this work. Three‐node triangular and four‐node tetrahedral elements that can be generated automatically are first used to discretize the problem domain in 2D and 3D spaces, respectively. For each independent element, a compacted support domain is then formed based on the element itself and its adjacent elements sharing common edges (or faces). With the aid of Shepard interpolation, a weighted acoustic gradient field is then formulated, which will be further used to construct the discretized system equations through the generalized Galerkin weak form. Numerical examples demonstrate that the present algorithm can significantly reduces the dispersion error in computational acoustics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

New framework for Bayesian statistical analysis and interpolation of residual stress measurements

In the present study, different residual stress and strain data measured from various techniques are analyzed using a Bayesian statistical approach and finally interpolated utilizing modified Shepard method. This research is carried out to compare the capability, simplicity and accuracy of Bayesian approach with different probability density functions. Three different probability density functions: Gaussian, Cauchy and Sivia's distribution are studied and compared here. Finally the modified Shepard method is utilized with new interpolant and weight functions, to interpolate the scattered measured data. The proposed framework is then applied to two sets of measured residual data obtained from various experimental techniques.     

粒子法中压力振荡问题的研究

传统移动粒子半隐式法MPS(Moving Particle Semi-implicit Method)中一直存在压力振荡问题,针对此问题对MPS方法进行改进。改进的MPS方法,采用一种新型抑制压力振荡的压力泊松方程离散格式;在核函数的选择方面,采用能够增加计算稳定性的二次样条核函数;并且针对MPS方法中粒子插值不完整问题,对粒子插值不完整性进行了修正。应用改进的MPS方法对溃坝问题进行数值模拟验证。结果表明,应用改进的MPS方法能够得到更为光滑的压力场空间分布。对模拟过程中的检测点压力进行采集,并且与实验值进行对比分析,发现改进的MPS方法能够有效地抑制模拟过程中的压力振荡,而且与实验值接近。同时应用改进的MPS方法对静水问题进行验证模拟,发现改进的MPS方法能够有效地抑制模拟过程中的压力振荡,而且监测点的压力与理论解接近。改进的MPS方法对今后应用MPS方法模拟实际工程问题,并且获得准确稳定的压力值有着重要的意义。     

改进的容重增加法原理及离心模型试验数值模拟

容重增加法作为一种边坡稳定分析方法本身具有一定的缺陷,计算结果常常偏差较大,甚至可能无法得出结果。针对容重增加法的缺陷,定量分析了容重增加法的误差来源,并通过公式推导对改进容重增加法的原理进行了分析。针对改进的容重增加法,设计了不同参数的边坡模型,将容重增加法、强度折减法与改进的容重增加法进行对比分析,研究改进方法的改进效果。然后,利用ACADS边坡稳定分析例题,验证了改进方法在非均质边坡中的应用效果。最后,将改进前后的容重增加法运用到土工离心模型试验的结果分析中,并将试验结果与模拟结果进行对比分析,验证了用改进的容重增加法分析离心模型试验结果的可行性。本文的研究为容重增加法改进方法的应用提供了理论依据,并为土工离心模型试验的相关分析提供了参考。     

基于修正高精度广义胞元法的复合材料细观力学分析

高精度广义胞元法是多尺度分析复合材料模量和微观应力应变场的有效方法之一．然而，由于位移插值函数中缺少二次耦合项，很大程度上影响了复合材料局部应力、应变场，特别是剪切场的计算精度．本文通过引入二次方向耦合项，提出了一种修正的高精度广义胞元法插值函数．在施加周期性边界条件、平均应力和平均位移连续性条件后，可以确定位移插值函数中的系数．通过对多相复合材料弹性模量和局部场分析，并且与有限元分析和实验测量结果比较，验证了修正高精度广义胞元法的准确性．与高精度广义胞元相比，本文提出的修正高精度广义胞元法在不需要引入额外未知变量，不影响计算效率的前提下，对复合材料的局部应力场计算得更加准确．     

An improved dynamic model for a silicone material beam with large deformation

Dynamic modeling for incompressible hyperelastic materials with large deformation is an important issue in biomimetic applications. The previously proposed lower-order fully parameterized absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) beam element employs cubic interpolation in the longitudinal direction and linear interpolation in the transverse direction, whereas it cannot accurately describe the large bending deformation. On this account, a novel modeling method for studying the dynamic behavior of nonlinear materials is proposed in this paper. In this formulation, a higher-order beam element characterized by quadratic interpolation in the transverse directions is used in this investigation. Based on the Yeoh model and volumetric energy penalty function, the nonlinear elastic force matrices are derived within the ANCF framework. The feasibility and availability of the Yeoh model are verified through static experiment of nonlinear incompressible materials. Furthermore, dynamic simulation of a silicone cantilever beam under the gravity force is implemented to validate the superiority of the higher-order beam element. The simulation results obtained based on the Yeoh model by employing three different ANCF beam elements are compared with the result achieved from a commercial finite element package as the reference result. It is found that the results acquired utilizing a higher-order beam element are in good agreement with the reference results, while the results obtained using a lower-order beam element are different from the reference results. In addition, the stiffening problem caused by volumetric locking can be resolved effectively by applying a higher-order beam element. It is concluded that the proposed higher-order beam element formulation has satisfying accuracy in simulating dynamic motion process of the silicone beam.     

Accuracy of a deterministic particle method for Navier-Stokes equations

The accuracy of a deterministic particle method in approximating the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations is investigated. The convective part is solved using a classical vortex method for inviscid fluids, and an iterative procedure is added to improve the interpolation of the vorticity function. In our examples the vorticity is radially symmetric. For a regular initial data, a discrete quadratic error on the velocity and the vorticity is considered. Otherwise, for a singular initial data, the exact and computed angular moments of the vorticity are compared.     

Non‐intrusive reduced‐order modelling of the Navier–Stokes equations based on RBF interpolation

We present a new non‐intrusive model reduction method for the Navier–Stokes equations. The method replaces the traditional approach of projecting the equations onto the reduced space with a radial basis function (RBF) multi‐dimensional interpolation. The main point of this method is to construct a number of multi‐dimensional interpolation functions using the RBF scatter multi‐dimensional interpolation method. The interpolation functions are used to calculate POD coefficients at each time step from POD coefficients at earlier time steps. The advantage of this method is that it does not require modifications to the source code (which would otherwise be very cumbersome), as it is independent of the governing equations of the system. Another advantage of this method is that it avoids the stability problem of POD/Galerkin. The novelty of this work lies in the application of RBF interpolation and POD to construct the reduced‐order model for the Navier–Stokes equations. Another novelty is the verification and validation of numerical examples (a lock exchange problem and a flow past a cylinder problem) using unstructured adaptive finite element ocean model. The results obtained show that CPU times are reduced by several orders of magnitude whilst the accuracy is maintained in comparison with the corresponding high‐fidelity models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.