Double sine-Gordon model revisited

We reconsider the mass spectrum of double sine-Gordon theory where recent semiclassical results called into question the previously accepted picture. We use the truncated conformal space approach (TCSA) to investigate the claims. We demonstrate that the numerics supports the original results, and strongly disagrees with those obtained from semiclassical soliton form factor techniques. Besides the numerical analysis, we also discuss the underlying theoretical arguments.     

Breather boundary form factors in sine-Gordon theory

A previously conjectured set of exact form factors of boundary exponential operators in the sinh-Gordon model is tested against numerical results from boundary truncated conformal space approach in boundary sine-Gordon theory, related by analytic continuation to sinh-Gordon model. We find that the numerical data strongly support the validity of the form factors themselves; however, we also report a discrepancy in the case of diagonal matrix elements, which remains unresolved for the time being.     

The Critical Properties of a Modulated Quantum sine—Gordon Model

A new procedure of trial variational wave functional is proposed for invostigating the mass reuormalizationand the local structure of the ground state of a one-dimensional quantum sine-Gorrdonm model with linear spatial modu-lation, whose ground state differs from that without modulation. Thc phase diagram obtained in parameters (αA 2,β2)plane shows that the vertical part of the boundary between soliton lattice phase and iucommensurate (IC) phase withvanishing gap sticks at β2 = 4, the IC phase can only appear forβ2 ＞ 47r and thc IC phase regime is enlarged withincreasing spatial modulation in the case of definite parameter αA-2. The transition is of the continuous type on thevertical part of the boundary, while it is of the first order on the boundary forβ2 ＞ 47r.     

Critical properties of the double-frequency sine-Gordon model with applications

We study the properties of the double-frequency sine-Gordon model in the vicinity of the Ising quantum phase transition displayed by this model. Using a mapping onto a generalized lattice quantum Ashkin–Teller model, we obtain critical and nearly-off-critical correlation functions of various operators. We discuss applications of the double-sine-Gordon model to one-dimensional physical systems, like spin chains in a staggered external field and interacting electrons in a staggered potential.     

NLIE of Dirichlet sine-Gordon model for boundary bound states

We investigate boundary bound states of sine-Gordon model on the finite-size strip with Dirichlet boundary conditions. For the purpose we derive the nonlinear integral equation (NLIE) for the boundary excited states from the Bethe ansatz equation of the inhomogeneous XXZ spin 1/2 chain with boundary imaginary roots discovered by Saleur and Skorik. Taking a large volume (IR) limit we calculate boundary energies, boundary reflection factors and boundary Lüscher corrections and compare with the excited boundary states of the Dirichlet sine-Gordon model first considered by Dorey and Mattsson. We also consider the short distance limit and relate the IR scattering data with that of the UV conformal field theory.     

Critical values of the Yang-Yang functional in the quantum sine-Gordon model

The critical values of the Yang-Yang functional corresponding to the vacuum states of the sine-Gordon QFT in the finite-volume are studied. Two major applications are discussed: (i) generalization of Fendley-Saleur-Zamolodchikov relations to arbitrary values of the sine-Gordon coupling constant, and (ii) connection problem for a certain two-parameter family of solutions of the Painlevé III equation.     

Spectrum of boundary states in N=1 SUSY sine-Gordon theory

We consider N=1 supersymmetric sine-Gordon theory (SSG) with supersymmetric integrable boundary conditions (boundary SSG=BSSG). We find two possible ways to close the boundary bootstrap for this model, corresponding to two different choices for the boundary supercharge. We argue that these two bootstrap solutions should correspond to the two integrable Lagrangian boundary theories considered recently by Nepomechie.     

Structure of boundary diffraction wave revisited

The physically appealing boundary diffraction wave theory which suggests that diffraction patterns arise due to interference of an undisturbed (geometrical) wave and the boundary diffraction wave generated by edge of the diffracting aperture, simplifies the solution of diffraction problems by reducing the Fresnel–Kirchhoff surface integral into a line integral over the illuminated boundary of the diffracting aperture. The present work reports experimental investigations carried out on the structure of the boundary diffraction wave. It has been shown that the boundary diffraction wave is continuous behind the diffracting aperture and apparently there does not exist any discontinuity at the geometrically light to shadow transition boundary, as is required by the theory. PACS 42.25.-p; 42.25.Fx; 42.25.Hz     

Boundary states and finite size effects in sine-Gordon model with Neumann boundary condition

The sine-Gordon model with Neumann boundary condition is investigated. Using the bootstrap principle the spectrum of boundary bound states is established. Somewhat surprisingly it is found that Coleman–Thun diagrams and bound state creation may coexist. A framework to describe finite size effects in boundary integrable theories is developed and used together with the truncated conformal space approach to confirm the bound states and reflection factors derived by bootstrap.     

Semiclassical energy levels of sine-Gordon model on a strip with Dirichlet boundary conditions

We derive analytic expressions of the semiclassical energy levels of sine-Gordon model in a strip geometry with Dirichlet boundary condition at both edges. They are obtained by initially selecting the classical backgrounds relative to the vacuum or to the kink sectors, and then solving the Schrödinger equations (of Lamè type) associated to the stability condition. Explicit formulas are presented for the classical solutions of both the vacuum and kink states and for the energy levels at arbitrary values of the size of the system. Their ultraviolet and infrared limits are also discussed.     

A solution of the sine-Gordon equation with boundary conditions appropriate to oscillating superfluorescence

A procedure is given for solving the sine-Gordon equation with boundary conditions which define the physical problem of superfluorescent emission from an inverted and spatially extended medium. The shape of the leading pulse is calculated. An important new result is a verification and extension of the form of the expression of MacGillivray and Feld and of Skribanowitz, Herman, MacGillivray and Feld for the delay time τ_D in oscillating superfluorescence.     

Finite size effects in the spin-1 XXZ and supersymmetric sine-Gordon models with Dirichlet boundary conditions

Starting from the Bethe Ansatz solution of the open integrable spin-1 XXZ quantum spin chain with diagonal boundary terms, we derive a set of nonlinear integral equations (NLIEs), which we propose to describe the boundary supersymmetric sine-Gordon model BSSG⁺ with Dirichlet boundary conditions on a finite interval. We compute the corresponding boundary S matrix, and find that it coincides with the one proposed by Bajnok, Palla and Takács for the Dirichlet BSSG⁺ model. We derive a relation between the (UV) parameters in the boundary conditions and the (IR) parameters in the boundary S matrix. By computing the boundary vacuum energy, we determine a previously unknown parameter in the scattering theory. We solve the NLIEs numerically for intermediate values of the interval length, and find agreement with our analytical result for the effective central charge in the UV limit and with boundary conformal perturbation theory.     

Approximate sine-Gordon solitons

We look at the recently proposed scheme of approximating a sine-Gordon soliton by an expression derived from two dimensional instantons. We point out that the scheme of Sutcliffe in which he uses two dimensional instantons can be generalised to higher dimensions and that these generalisations produce even better approximations than the original approximation. We also comment on generalisations to other models.     

The dissipative sine-Gordon equation

Application of the decomposition method to the generalizations of the sine-Gordon equation provide efficient analytic solution without linearization or perturbation.     

The two-boundary sine-Gordon model

We study in this paper the ground state energy of a free bosonic theory on a finite interval of length R with either a pair of sine-Gordon type or a pair of Kondo type interactions at each boundary. This problem has potential applications in condensed matter (current through superconductor–Luttinger liquid–superconductor junctions) as well as in open string theory (tachyon condensation). While the application of Bethe ansatz techniques to this problem is in principle well known, considerable technical difficulties are encountered. These difficulties arise mainly from the way the bare couplings are encoded in the reflection matrices, and require complex analytic continuations, which we carry out in detail in a few cases.     

Dilute sine-Gordon soliton gas limit in the statistical mechanics of double sine-Gordon systems

Using a path integral formulation we have computed the classical free energy density of a double sine-Gordon system. The calculations have been done in the limits of 4π and 2π dilute kink gas. In the latter case a fundamental role is played by the introduction of an internal collection coordinate.     

On the supersymmetric sine-Gordon model

The basic model in a new trend in supersymmetry and soliton theory is presented. Exact soliton-like solutions of the supercovariant coupled equations of motion are obtained. From this a bag model is constructed.Talk given at the ldSymposium on Mathematical Methods in the Theory of Elementary Particles, Liblice castle, Czechoslovakia, June 18–23, 1978.