VNIR image simulation based on low-level flight image data

<正>A simulation method for visible and near infrared(VNIR) image is mentioned.The VNIR image obtained by low-level flight is adopted as data resource.After atmospheric correction,the ground reflectivity can be deducted.The simulation method consists of four steps:radiative transfer,spatial resolution,modulation transfer function,and noise simulation.The image of satellite-borne or high-level air-borne sensor could be generated by the simulation method from VNIR image.Experiment is carried out to test the method using an airship as platform.The resulting simulated image is compared to the image with quickbird panchromatic band.The result shows that simulation images enables one to effectively reproduce the entire process of remote sensing of the Earth.The method can be used to simulate VNIR image at satellite level at the same area and the same wavelength.     

基于SPIHT的改进图像压缩算法

针对渐进式图像传输算法都受限于庞大的内存空间和计算复杂度，提出一种基于SPIHT的改进型算法——静止图像编码方法，即对变换后的小波系数高频区块进行细分，并对不同频率图像块分别设置阈值，采取新的阈值判别策略，减少了链表的结点数。使用MATLAB 6.5开发环境对上述改进编码方法进行仿真。仿真结果表明: 通过对原算法构架进行改进，减少了内存空间占用，降低了计算复杂度，取得了较好的压缩效果。     

基于灰度相关的图像匹配算法的改进

针对目前图像匹配算法中存在的匹配精度不高和匹配速度慢的缺点，对基于灰度相关的2类匹配算法——最小误差法和相关系数法进行了改进。最小误差法采用新的ML距离法，提出动态调整阈值的方法，既保证了匹配精度，又避免了局部噪声的影响；相关系数法对相关系数的计算公式进行了简化，并采用三步搜索策略进行匹配，以达到减少计算量和搜索位置的目的。实验证明：改进后的算法，在保证一定匹配精度的条件下，匹配速度大大提高，能够满足实际应用中的实时性要求。     

卷积稀疏表示图像融合与超分辨率联合实现

为避免图像融合与超分辨率分步实现的不足,提出了基于卷积稀疏表示的融合与超分辨率重建联合实现方法。假设低分辨率与高分辨率图像之间具有相同的稀疏特征图,设计了一种高、低分辨率滤波器联合学习框架,实现对图像高低频成分的分离,并根据不同成分的形态特性设计了不同的融合规则:对于高频成分,根据稀疏特征图亮度信息和像素活跃性水平,设计了一种像素显著性度量方案来指导高频特征图的融合;对于低频成分,根据脉冲耦合神经网络能捕获邻域相似像素点火的特性,设计了低频成分融合方法。所提方法不需要将图像分割成重叠的块,避免块向量化的缺陷。实验结果表明,能有效提高图像融合的质量。     

基于图像数据封装包文的数据采集方法

针对如何在工业应用中找到一种实现周期更短和更低成本的图像数据采集方法进行了研究。通过分析以太网帧格式和JPEG图像数据特点,给出了一种对JPEG图像帧进行分片并对分片进行数据封装的方法,在此基础之上实现了基于图像数据封装包文的数据采集设计。最后在FPGA环境中对该设计进行了实现,此实现成功应用到了工程项目当中。实践表明,基于图像数据封装包文的数据采集方法能够在不添加外置存储器等复杂器件的情况下实现稳定的、实时的JPEG图像数据采集。     

Efficient image segmentation method based on resolution and region information fusion

A generalized multiresolution likelihood ratio (GMLR), which can increase the distinction between differentsignals by fusing their more features, is defined. Multiresolution representation of image characterizes in-herent structure of image well, and the GMLR combines each resolution image features with correspondingregion features. A spatially variant mixture multiscale autoregressive prediction (SVMMARP) model isproposed to estimate the parameters of GMLR based on maximum likelihood estimation via expectationmaximization (EM) algorithm. In the parameter estimation, bootstrap sampling technique is employed.Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm performs fairly well.     

基于Radon变换和四元数实矩阵的彩色图像零水印算法

为了提高空间域彩色图像零水印算法的水印嵌入和检测精度以及抵抗旋转几何变换的能力,提出了一种基于Radon变换和四元数实矩阵表示的抗旋转攻击空间域零水印算法。首先将原始彩色图像使用四元数实矩阵来表征,并计算实数字矩阵的Radon变换不变矩;然后利用少量低阶Radon变换不变矩来设计和构建零水印信息;在水印检测前,通过Radon变换几何校正算法对可能遭受旋转攻击的待检测图像进行旋转角度的校正,然后进行水印的提取。实验结果表明,该方法可以获得良好的图像视觉效果,对于旋转几何攻击具有很强的鲁棒性,同时对滤波、JPEG压缩和剪切攻击也具有一定的鲁棒性。     

图像超分辨率重建技术与方法综述

图像超分辨率重建可以利用多幅具有互补信息的低分辨率图像重构一幅高分辨率的图像,该技术已经成为图像处理领域的研究热点。介绍了图像超分辨率重建的基本原理,阐述了超分辨率重建技术与其它相关图像处理技术的关系;系统地总结了图像超分辨率重建中常用的运动估计方法、运算方式和质量评价方法。     

Review and perspectives on energy dispersive high resolution PIXE and RYIED

Until 2008, high-resolution particle-induced x-ray emission (HR-PIXE) work used mostly wavelength dispersive spectrometers and aimed at fundamental problems and application demonstrations. The method was hardly used for applications in general, mostly due to the small energy window and solid angle of most equipment. In the last 14 years, a few facts pushed HR-PIXE out and beyond this framework. Here, we focus on the developments following the observation of x-ray relative yield ion energy dependence (RYIED) effects on transitions to the same sub-shell, in PIXE experiments, in 2004, and the installation, in 2008, of the first energy dispersive HR-PIXE (EDS HR-PIXE) system. Both facts are among those that were concurrent to the emergence of new problems and perspectives in PIXE and in fundamental atomic physics in the recent past. This review covers these 14 years of results on these issues and the answers they recently led to. Evidence for new problems and perspectives, including the potential access to chemical bonding and/or solid state information, based on EDS HR-PIXE work, are discussed. Furthermore, the grounds for the possibility of developments leading to a new field of atomic solid state physics are presented.     

The infrared and visible image fusion algorithm based on target separation and sparse representation

Although the fused image of the infrared and visible image takes advantage of their complementary, the artifact of infrared targets and vague edges seriously interfere the fusion effect. To solve these problems, a fusion method based on infrared target extraction and sparse representation is proposed. Firstly, the infrared target is detected and separated from the background rely on the regional statistical properties. Secondly, DENCLUE (the kernel density estimation clustering method) is used to classify the source images into the target region and the background region, and the infrared target region is accurately located in the infrared image. Then the background regions of the source images are trained by Kernel Singular Value Decomposition (KSVD) dictionary to get their sparse representation, the details information is retained and the background noise is suppressed. Finally, fusion rules are built to select the fusion coefficients of two regions and coefficients are reconstructed to get the fused image. The fused image based on the proposed method not only contains a clear outline of the infrared target, but also has rich detail information.     

Improvement of the optical image reconstruction based on multiplexed quantum ghost images

Ghost imaging allows one to obtain information on an object from the spatial correlation function between photons propagating through or reflected from the object and photons of the reference arm. In this case, detection in the object arm is performed over the entire aperture of the beam and, therefore, it does not give information on the object. The reference beam does not interact with the object, but is recorded with a scanning point detector or a CCD array permitting the measurement of the spatial correlation function of photons in two arms. The use of multimode entangled quantum light beams by illuminating the object by one beam and orienting other beams to reference arms makes it possible to obtain simultaneously several ghost images (GIs). Cross correlations of multiplexed GIs (MGIs) are determined by eighth-order field correlation functions. A special algorithm is developed for calculating higher-order correlations of Bose operators. The presence of GI cross correlations is used for improving the quality of the reconstructed object’s image by their processing using the measurement reduction method. An example of the computer simulation of the image reconstruction by MGIs formed in the field of four-frequency entangled quantum states is considered. It is found that in this case the reduced GI has a signal-to-noise ratio several times higher than that of GIs.     

基于多尺度均值漂移的高分辨率遥感影像快速分割方法

均值漂移算法是一种特征空间分析方法,广泛应用于自然场景影像和医学影像分割中.但算法较高的计算复杂度成为其在具有海量特性的遥感影像中应用的瓶颈.文章将均值漂移算法拓展到小波域,提出了一种小波域均值漂移快速分割算法.多光谱遥感影像和仿真影像的实验表明:在获得相当的分割结果的前提下,相比单尺度均值漂移算法,提出的分割算法能够...     

多分辨分形理论在高分辨力遥感图像分割中的应用

针对遥感图像的高分辨力特性,提出了基于多分辨分形的遥感图像分割方法。改进了多分辨结构的建立方法,提出了基于Laplacian金字塔的多分辨结构的分形分割法。实验表明,改进的多分辨分形图像分割方法在减少信息冗余度的同时,提高了数据利用率,可有效地对高分辨力遥感图像进行分割分类。     

图像的全息描述与编码

图像在不可靠信道中传输时由于信道误码和数据丢包等因素的干扰,解码图像的质量会受到很大的影响。图像的全息描述和编码能够很好地用于图像的鲁棒传输。对一维和二维全息描述进行了分析,给出了全息描述的数学表达,把基于小波变换域的图像编码方法用于图像的全息描述。对该方法进行了测试,结果表明该方法具有较好的抗误码特性。     

基于数据配准提高光电经纬仪的测量精度

研究了目标相对于视场中存在相对运动时,光电经纬仪测量精度下降,且下降程度与目标相对运动速度的大小相关的现象。基于电视曝光原理分析了这种现象产生的原因,讨论了提高光电经纬仪事后处理精度的新方法。提出了基于目标脱靶量与编码器位置信息的数据配准方法,并对该算法实际操作的可行性进行了分析。实验结果表明,此算法可以使光电经纬仪测量精度改善20%～30%,即CCD像素分辨率从1/2提高到了1/3。     

基于四元数实矩阵和对数极坐标的彩色图像零水印算法

为了提高空间域彩色图像零水印算法的水印嵌入、检测的精度,以及抵抗旋转几何变换的能力,提出一种基于对数极坐标和四元数实矩表示的抗旋转攻击空间域零水印算法。将原始彩色图像使用四元数实矩阵来表征,计算实数字矩阵的Hu不变矩;利用7个Hu不变矩来设计和构建零水印信息;在水印检测前,通过对数极坐标校正算法,对可能遭受旋转攻击的待检测图像进行旋转角度的遍历,而后进行水印的提取。实验获得了良好的图象视觉效果,对于旋转几何攻击具有很强的鲁棒性,同时对于滤波,JPEG压缩,剪切攻击也具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Super-resolution image reconstruction based on Tukey data fusion and bilateral-total-variation regularization

Images of high-resolution are desired and often required in most photoelectronic imaging applications, and corresponding image reconstruction algorithm has became the frontier topics. On the basis of stochastic theory, a novel super-resolution image reconstruction algorithm based on Tukey norm data fusion and bilateral total variation regularization is proposed in this paper. The Tukey norm is employed for fusing the data of low-resolution frames and removing outliers in the data, and then aiming at the sickness of super-resolution reconstruction, the bilateral total variation regularization as a priori knowledge about the solution is incorporated to remove the artifacts from the final answer and improve the convergence rate. Simulated and real experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the image resolution greatly and it is immune to noise and errors in motion and blur estimation.     

一种基于嵌入式全景视频流影像数据实时拼接方法

针对机载全景视频流影响,提出了一种基于嵌入式的全景实时拼接方法。提取图像中的SURF(speeded up robust features)特征点,生成特征描述子。通过计算2个特征点之间的欧式距离来确定匹配度,经过仿射变换后,利用泊松变换实现图像间的融合平滑处理。将上述流程在目标设备上进行并发执行,根据每个流程自身的特点进行定制化优化,实现全景实时拼接。试验测试表明,本方法实现了拼接接缝处基本无缝的效果,拼接速度达到30 Hz,能够满足实时显示的要求。     

MCP参数对微光像增强器分辨力影响研究

为了全面分析微通道板(MCP)参数对微光像增强器分辨力的影响,利用电子散射理论分析了MCP输出电子横向散射和MCP非开口面的电子散射情况,得到了MCP通道间距、输出电极结构和开口面积比等参数对微光像增强器分辨力的影响.分析结果指出:通过减小通道间距、采用MCP输出面镀多层电极或增加MCP输出端电极深度实现减小MCP输出电子横向扩散、增加开口面积比等,提高整个微光像增强器的分辨力.试验证明该方法有助于提高微光像增强器分辨力.