微晶纤维素电流变液在挤压流中的粘弹性

测量了微晶纤维素/蓖麻油悬浮体构成的电流变液在挤压流中的动态粘弹性.给出了平行于电 场方向的储能模量G′和损耗模量G″对电场和应变幅度的依赖关系.实验显示,当电场超过 临界电场后,随着应变幅度增加, 电流变液的粘弹性从线性变到非线性,电流变液出现了应 变导致的“类固体”和流体之间的转变过程. 还研究了应变幅度和振荡频率对电流变液粘弹性非线性的影响. 关键词： 电流变液 挤压流 粘弹性     

3He流体的低温输运性质综述

收集整理了400余篇文献中的3He流体低温输运性质(粘度和热导率)实验数据,总结并分析了3He流体低温输运性质的相关理论,为建立3He流体低温输运性质的方程及完善3He数据库(He3Pak)奠定基础,也可供3He低温研究人员参考。     

流注放电低温等离子体中电子输运系数计算的蒙特卡罗模型

流体或者粒子-流体混合数值仿真是研究流注放电基本物理机制的常用手段,而精确的电子输运系数是保证其仿真正确性的必要前提.鉴于现有电子输运系数求解工具存在一定缺陷,本文开发了采用蒙特卡罗方法求解低温等离子体中电子输运系数的仿真工具,测试表明其准确性和精确度均较高.研究了氮氧气体混合比及大气压下三体碰撞吸附对电子输运系数的影响.氮气中流注放电仿真表明,流体仿真中采用本模型改进后的电子输运系数可显著改善流注通道内部的等离子体参数分布.     

电子双势垒量子隧穿的散射矩阵方法及其数值模拟

采用散射矩阵的方法研究了电子在由两个方势垒组成的双势垒结构中的隧穿特性.将电子在双势垒中的隧穿过程分为相干输运和非相干输运两部分来研究,相干输运导致了隧穿透射系数随中间层厚度变化产生量子振荡,而非相干输运导致了振荡振幅的衰减.双势垒总的透射系数与势垒高度、入射和出射波矢的匹配性有关,数值计算的结果证实了相关结论.     

有限长双壁碳纳米管的电子输运性质

基于Landauer公式，研究了有限长的非公度和公度双壁碳纳米管的电子输运性顾，结果表明 ，双壁管的几何结构对其电子输运性质有显著的影响：非公度的双壁碳管的电导随能量的不 同，既可以是弹道型的，也可以是非弹道型的；由armchair管组成的公度的双壁碳管的电导 随能量变化呈现快速的电导振荡，并且此快速振荡叠加在背景慢振荡上，而zigzag管组成的 公度双壁管的电导随能量变化只有快速振荡、没有规则的慢振荡背景. 关键词： 碳纳米管 电子输运性质     

基于基液连续假设的大体系Cu-H2O纳米流体输运特性的模拟研究

分子动力学模拟是研究纳米流体的输运特性的重要手段, 但计算量庞大. 为研究能体现流动传热过程的大体系纳米流体的输运特性, 本文对基液采用连续介质假设, 将基液的势能拟合在纳米团簇的势能中, 大幅度减小了计算量, 使得大体系输运特性的模拟成为可能, 且模拟结果与多组实验结果吻合较好. 采用此方法模拟研究了速度梯度剪切对Cu-H₂O纳米流体颗粒聚集过程和聚集特性的影响, 进而对Cu-H₂O纳米流体在流动传热过程中的热导率和黏度进行了模拟计算, 定量揭示了宏观流动传热过程中不同的速度梯度、速度、平均温度和温度梯度对于Cu-H₂O纳米流体热导率和黏度的影响.     

托卡马克边界等离子体数值模拟

本文用数值模拟法，通过数值求解二维多流体等离子体输运方程。来模拟托卡马克边界等离子体输运过程和输运特性。模拟计算的结果，对托卡马克偏滤器和第一壁的设计有重要意义。     

石墨烯量子磁输运性质的电场效应

最近研究发现石墨烯在一维周期性电学或磁学调制势下, 其扩散电导率会出现Weiss振荡. 本文进一步探索了面外加垂直磁场和面内加横向电场以及一维周期性弱调制电学势的多场耦合作用下, 石墨烯的量子磁输运性质, 结果表明: Weiss振荡振幅和电导率数值都随着静电场的增加而增加. 有趣的是, 当电场与磁场的比值达到某一临界值, 即时, 输运电导率的Weiss振荡突然消失. 这一奇特现象在传统的二维电子气体中是不存在的, 因此可以归因于石墨烯载流子外加电磁场的反常相对论性能谱. 关键词：石墨烯; 静电场; Weiss振荡; 磁输运性质     

石墨烯量子磁输运性质的电场效应

最近研究发现石墨烯在一维周期性电学或磁学调制势下, 其扩散电导率会出现Weiss振荡. 本文进一步探索了面外加垂直磁场和面内加横向电场以及一维周期性弱调制电学势的多场耦合作用下, 石墨烯的量子磁输运性质, 结果表明: Weiss振荡振幅和电导率数值都随着静电场的增加而增加. 有趣的是, 当电场与磁场的比值达到某一临界值, 即时, 输运电导率的Weiss振荡突然消失. 这一奇特现象在传统的二维电子气体中是不存在的, 因此可以归因于石墨烯载流子外加电磁场的反常相对论性能谱. 关键词：石墨烯; 静电场; Weiss振荡; 磁输运性质     

微晶纤维素电流变液压在挤压流的粘弹性

测量了微晶纤维素／蓖麻油悬浮体构成的电流液在挤压流中的动态粘弹性,给出了平行于电场方向的储能模量Ｇ’和损耗模量Ｇ”对电场和就变幅度的依赖关系,实验显示,当电场超过临界电场后,随着应就幅度增加,电流变液的粘生从线性变到非线性,电流变液出现的应变导致的“类固全”和流体之间的转变过程,还研究了应变幅度和振荡频率对电流变液粘生非线性的影响。     

平板式mLHP的仿真与实验研究

环路热管是一种靠蒸发器的毛细芯产生毛细力来驱动回路运行,利用工质相变来传递热量的高效传热装置.本文研制了一套不锈钢外壳,以氨为工质的小型平板式环路热管(mLHP),并着重研究其在不同热负荷条件下启动特性及变工况条件下的稳定运行特征,通过对平板 mLHP 运行机制理论分析,建立了合理的数学物理模型,实现了对整个系统动态仿真.实验结果表明,小型平板式 mLHP 可以在不同热流密度下快速启动,并具有良好的适应变热负荷能力.实现了平板式 mLHP 系统中各个主要节点的压力、温度和流量的动态仿真,与实验数据对比,仿真结果和实验数据吻合较好,加深了对 LHP 系统运行机理的理解.通过实验和动态仿真结果对系统结构进行优化,为应用在电子器件散热的高效率平板式 mLHP 系统的设计与优化提供依据.     

Numerical tests of a new molecule-dependent momentum transport equation

It is shown that a new incompressible fluid equation is obtained by inclusion of a new dimensionless coupling parameter in the momentum transport equation derived in [L. Jirkovsky, L. Bo-ot, Momentum transport equation for the fluids using projection-perturbation formalism and onset of turbulence, Physica A 352 (2005) 241-251] from the Boltzmann kinetic equation where the Boltzmann collision integral includes inelastic interactions of quantum origin among the particles of the fluid. Numerical results from the equation for the plane and circular Poiseuille flows are consistent with the observations. The numerical tests also manifest a difference in the onset of turbulence between the flat plates and the circular pipe flow systems. Although all obtained velocity profiles are flattened at the center-a feature of turbulence-the results demonstrate greater stability of the velocity profiles in the circular pipe flow.     

Stability analysis with lumped mass and friction effects in elastically supported pipes conveying fluid

This paper presents an accurate finite element procedure for the stability analysis of elastically supported pipes conveying fluid. With consideration of effects of lumped masses, fluid pressure and friction, the equations of motion are derived based on Hamilton's principle for the mass transport system. The kinematics of the pipe is based on Timoshenko beam theory for which the transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia of the pipe are included. The material behaviour of the pipe is described by the Kelvin viscoelastic model. The dynamic stability behaviours obtained by the present work are more conservative as compared with those evaluated by conventional Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Also, it is found that the lumped masses, fluid pressure and friction will destabilize the system while the elastic support may have either a stabilizing or destabilizing effect depending on its stiffness and location. To demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the technique developed, several numerical examples are illustrated.     

影响热虹吸管运行性能的参数分析

依据热力学第二定律,在分析热管运行过程的基础上,建立了热管工质循环过程的T-S熵分析模型,对热管稳态运行时的几何参数和工质流体热物性参数进行分析,推导得出了热管设计和成功运行的基本条件,热管的结构参数组必须大于工质的热物性参数和封装材料组,二者相容才能建立热管的热力循环。用试验结果验证了此结论。所推导的方程对于一定结构的热管提供了一个设计和运行的指导准则,并且与传热率无关,不管热流多大热管结构参数必须和材料相容。     

Acoustical analysis of pipes with flow using invariant field functions

An analysis of the pressure field within a pipe is carried out using simplified formulations of pipe acoustics. The fluid contained within the pipe is considered non-viscous, while the flow velocity of the fluid is assumed to be smaller than the speed of sound.The analysis is limited to frequencies which are well below the pipe ring frequency, i.e., at which only simple waves can propagate. Expressions and diagrams are given which specify the applicable frequency range in each particular case.Three invariant functions of the internal pressure field are evaluated. These functions allow for the determination of the following quantities: base pressure spectrum (spatial mean r.m.s. value), lower and upper bounds of the pressure spectrum for the entire pipe, pressure spectrum at an arbitrary position, speed of sound in the contained fluid and fluid flow velocity.Experimental identification of these quantities requires simultaneous measurement at three points. A few measurements carried out on one air-filled and one water-filled pipe have demonstrated the potential of pipe invariant functions for acoustical analysis.     

Vibration reduction by using the idea of phononic crystals in a pipe-conveying fluid

Flexural vibration in a pipe system conveying fluid is studied. The pipe is designed using the idea of the phononic crystals. Using the transfer matrix method, the complex band structure of the flexural wave is calculated to investigate the gap frequency range and the vibration reduction in band gap. Gaps with Bragg scattering mechanism and locally resonant mechanism can exist in a piping system with fluid loading. The effects of various parameters on the gaps are considered. The existence of flexural vibration gaps in a periodic pipe with fluid loading lends new insight into the vibration control of pipe system.     

Sound radiation from a water-filled pipe,radiation into light fluid

This paper is concerned with the sound radiation from a water-filled exhaust pipe. The pipe opening and a plate attached to it form a vibrating surface for this radiation. Fluid-structural coupling between the pipe and enclosed fluid is included in the system modeling, but light fluid assumption is used for sound radiation into the space above the vibrating surface. In this paper, a numerical study on the n = 0 mode in the pipe shows that the wave types associated with this mode have different characteristics in two regions of the nondimensional frequency omega. In the first region of 0相似文献   

基于湍流振动的光纤干涉仪流量计的研究

针对石油测井中流量是确定石油生产和传输特性极其重要的参数,提出一种非浸入式光纤干涉仪流量测量方法。在油管外壁紧密缠绕传感光纤,当流体流过管壁时可由湍流产生振动,引起管壁的动态压力变化,导致传感光纤内的传输光相位发生变化, 通过检测光相位的变化就可以获得相应的流量。在实验中找出管壁的振动频率特性,在此频率特性范围内确定出由湍流诱发的管壁振动加速度脉动值的标准方差与平均流量的量化关系,实现了5 m3/h~50 m3/h流量实时在线测量。     

基于Timoshenko梁模型的周期充液管路弯曲振动带隙特性和传输特性

充液管路的固液耦合振动广泛存在于各种工程领域中,对其弯曲振动控制进行研究具有重要意义.将声子晶体的周期性思想引入到管路结构设计中,将管壁设计成沿轴向交替排列的周期性复合结构.基于Timoshenko梁模型,采用传递矩阵法计算了固液耦合条件下周期管路结构的弯曲振动能带结构及其传输特性,同时分析了材料阻尼系数、周期和非周期支撑对带隙特性的影响.充液周期管路结构的弯曲振动带隙特性为管路的振动控制提供了一条新的技术途径. 关键词： 声子晶体 充液管路 振动带隙     

Analytical study of the flow and heat transfer in a rotating heat pipe

An approximate theoretical model for predicting the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a conical rotating heat pipe is presented. The ideal fluid charges and working states of the heat pipe are estimated from the film thickness distributions. Further, the effect of fluid charge on the performance of the heat pipe is investigated. The approximate analytical estimates show reasonably good agreement with the existing and experimental results.