多自由度分段光滑非线性系统的近似解——-中华文物龙洗的自激振动

建立了由干摩擦引起的两个弹性体之间自激振动的数学模型. 利用平均法 求出了由干摩擦引起的多自由度分段光滑非线性动力系统的近似解析解，分析了搓动速度、 振动频率与振幅的关系曲线，相位角与搓动速度的关系曲线，分析结果与数值解基本吻合. 为研究多自由度分段光滑非线性系统提供了一种有效的近似解析分析方法.     

多自由度分段光滑非线性系统的近似解——中华文物龙洗的自激振动

建立了由于摩擦引起的两个弹性体之间自激振动的数学模型.利用平均法求出了由干摩擦引起的多自由度分段光滑非线性动力系统的近似解析解,分析了搓动速度、振动频率与振幅的关系曲线,相位角与搓动速度的关系曲线,分析结果与数值解基本吻合.为研究多自由度分段光滑非线性系统提供了一种有效的近似解析分析方法.     

《趣味振动力学》简介

本书以通俗有趣的方式讲述振动力学,包括线性振动的传统内容,从单自由度振动到多自由度和连续体振动,也涉及非线性振动,如干摩擦阻尼、自激振动、参数振动和混沌振动等内容.在叙述方式上力图避免或减少数学公式,     

干摩擦支承边界梁的非线性振动分析

研究梁具有纵向干摩擦边界条件时非线性振动。干摩擦力本构关系分别为粘住—滑动状态、瞬态滑动状态、粘住状态三种情形描述。首先由Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理建立梁的动力学方程及其干摩擦力的边界条件，然后借助于Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法转化得到非线性常微分方程。采用谐波平衡原理进行系统的基波稳态响应求解，并讨论解的稳定性条件。数值计算利用ｔｕｒｂｏ－Ｃ语言在微机上完成，由此得到摩擦力参数改变时几种典型的频响特性曲线。     

伴随变阻尼作用的干摩擦下的车辆系统非线性动力学分析

对分段线性阻尼和干摩擦共同作用下的车辆悬挂系统进行了非线性动力学分析研究，阐述了判定系统周期运动稳定性的理论方法；利用数值模拟方法分析了具有不同阻尼参数组合的系统对简谐激励的振动响应，并分析了由干摩擦引起的粘-滑振动行为．结果表明：提高摩擦力对抑制响应有利，但车辆系统在低速下运行时会出现复杂的粘-滑振动，轮轨之间产生较大的瞬时刚性冲击；而通过增加轮对与侧架的弹性悬挂可以有效减弱这种瞬时刚性冲击．     

真空中GCr15钢球／CVD Cr7C3镀层钢盘摩擦副摩擦振动的研究

作者在对GCr15钢球/CVDCr_7C_3镀层钢盘摩擦副于大气中滑动干摩擦引起的摩擦振动进行考察分析的基础上,本文又对这种摩擦副在真空(6.67×10~(-3)Pa)中的摩擦振动特性进行了试验研究。试件系统为低刚度和小阻尼的弹性系统。试验信号由微机采集、处理并进行频谱分析。结果表明,真空中摩擦力振动的类型呈准谐波周期性自持振动,其与正压力及拖动速度无关,振动频率接近于系统在水平方向上的固有频率;摩擦副运动的平稳性与平均滑动摩擦系数接近反比例关系;真空中摩擦力的粘着分量是使摩擦振动加剧的主要原因;钢球的磨损体积与摩擦振动特性无关。     

三轴运动模拟台正弦失真的异步自学习控制补偿方法

本文分析了三轴运动模拟台的干摩擦特性,并提出利用作者给出的PID 型异步自学习控制解决由干摩擦非线性引起的正弦振动失真。仿真结果表明,利用此法可使相应的正弦振动精度高达10~(-3)数量级,可满足三轴运动模拟台伺服系统设计中的有关精度要求。     

摩擦自激振动引起摩擦面波状磨耗的试验研究

在销-盘摩擦磨损试验机上进行金属干摩擦试验,研究摩擦自激振动对盘试件磨痕表面轮廓的影响,采用激光位移传感器测量盘试件摩擦表面轮廓尺寸,用加速度传感器测量销试件的摩擦自激振动.试验结果表明：在干摩擦状态下,销-盘系统容易发生持续的摩擦自激振动,当摩擦时间达到一定数值后,盘试件的磨痕表面轮廓会出现明显的波浪形磨耗,波浪形磨损机理主要是疲劳磨损.分析表明波浪形磨耗的波长近似等于摩擦自激振动的周期与滑动速度的乘积,由此推断摩擦自激振动引起了摩擦表面的波浪形磨耗.     

转子-叶片干摩擦耦合系统的稳态和非稳态振动

本文用数值方法研究转子扭振-叶片弯曲振动等效系统的稳态和非稳态响应。叶片受气流周期激励力作用，与转轴通过平台干摩擦阻尼器相连，干摩擦力采用光滑模型计算。分析扭振和弯曲振动的固有频率具有1：1和1：3两种比值情况（内共振关系）的振动表明，系统不仅存在两个主共振，由于干摩擦力的非线性特点，还存在超谐和亚谐共振状况。由于阻尼器的引入，耦合系统的主共振频率点既可能升高（1：1情况），也可能降低（1：3情况），这是耦合系统中阻尼器的调频特点，在升速的非稳态响应中，主共振和超、亚谐共振幅值将会降低．而共振点一般会出现延迟现象，但也有某些共振点有所提前（1：3情况），因此存在内共振条件的干摩擦系统，具有丰富和复杂的振动现象。     

干摩擦振动系统响应计算方法研究综述

首先讨论了两固体接触表面间的干摩擦力模型,重点介绍了滞迟摩擦模型方面的研究工作;然后,论述了含有各种干摩擦环节的振动系统简谐、随机和冲击激励下的响应计算方法,着重讨论了基于滞迟恢复力模型的响应计算方法,并对各种计算方法的特点进行了评述.最后,指出了干摩擦振动系统响应计算方法亟待解决的一些重大问题.      

摩擦力和摩擦振动的分形行为研究

在不同的摩擦磨损试验机上提取了摩擦磨损过程中摩擦力和摩擦振动的时间序列信号,采用关联维数方法研究了摩擦力和摩擦振动的分形行为．结果表明：摩擦力和摩擦振动信号具有分形特征;随着摩擦磨损过程的进行,信号分形维数的变化出现规律性的递增或递减;对于“收敛”或磨合磨损过程,不同阶段摩擦信号的分形维数趋于增大;对于“发散”的摩擦磨损过程,不同阶段的摩擦信号的关联维数趋于减小．摩擦力和摩擦振动的分形维数的变化规律同摩擦磨损过程中表面形貌分形维数的变化规律相似。     

Dynamic Study of a Structure with Flexion-Torsion Coupling in the Presence of Dry Friction

In aero engines, blade vibrations are frequently reduced by centrifugal flyweights, which exert a dry friction force per unit length under blade platforms. The response of this system to a periodic load has been analysed experimentally and theoretically. From a model having mode shapes similar to those of a blade, and a dry friction link per unit length, we show that the presence of the dry friction link is very effective in reducing vibrations for a range of excitation loads. The theoretical analysis is based on the Craig and Bampton mode synthesis, the rigid movement of the platform in its plane and the replacing of the linear dry friction link by several discrete parallel systems. Direct integration of the equations of motion is carried out by using the Newmark method. The comparison with experimental results is good. This method can easily be extended to more complex structures and shows that the dry friction link is effective when stick-slip occurs in the contact zone by limiting the energy provided to the system.     

Design and test of a friction damper to reduce engine vibrations on a space launcher

Space launchers are submitted to complex vibration environments and this can impact the payload it is carrying. Ensuring the protection of the payload therefore requires the addition of a secondary system. In this paper, a rapid design method for the dimensioning of a friction damper is developed, based on the equivalent energy dissipation with that of a viscous damper. A friction damper is designed and a prototype is built. The friction damper is first characterised alone and it is then mounted inside a scale model of a launcher last stage. The friction damper is adequately modelled by a spring in series with a friction element. The damper prototype proves to efficiently damp the rocket engine vibrations, and the design method used for dimensioning the friction damper gives a good approximation for the optimal sliding force of the damper.     

Active damping of the vibrations of a plate using sensor data: effect of boundary conditions

A new approach is followed to study the effect of mixed mechanical boundary conditions on the effectiveness of active damping of the forced resonant vibrations of thermoviscoelastic orthotropic plates. The problem is solved by the Bubnov–Galerkin method. Formulas for the voltage that should be applied to the actuator to damp the first vibration mode are derived. It is shown that the mechanical boundary conditions, the dissipative properties of the material, and the dimenstions of the sensors and actuators have a strong effect on the effectiveness of active damping of the vibrations of plates     

Vibrations of a Rigid Body with Cylindrical Surface on a Vibrating Foundation

The analytic solution of the problem of forced vibrations of a rigid body with cylindrical surface on a horizontal foundation is given. It is assumed that the dry friction force acts at the point of contact between the cylindrical surface of the body and the foundation and the foundation moves by a harmonic law in the horizontal direction perpendicularly to the cylindrical surface element. The averaging method is used to determine the forced vibration mode near the natural frequency of the body vibrations on the fixed foundation. The results are presented as amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics.     

The effect of friction reduction in the presence of in-plane vibrations

A reduction of friction by vibrations has been observed in various experiments. This effect can be applied to actively control frictional forces by modulating vibrations. Moreover, common methods of controlling friction rely on lubricants and suitable material combinations. The superimposition of vibrations can further reduce the friction force. This study presents a theoretical approach based on the Dahl friction model that describes the friction reduction observed in the presence of the tangential vibrations at an arbitrary angle. Analysis results indicated that the tangential compliance should be considered in modeling the effect of vibrations in reducing friction. At any vibration angle, the tangential compliance of the contacts reduces the friction reduction effect. The vibrations parallel to the macroscopic velocity are most effective for friction reduction.     

Active damping of vibrations of plates subject to unknown pressure

An approach to the active damping of the forced resonant vibrations of orthotropic thermoviscoelastic plates with distributed sensors and actuators is proposed. The mechanical load is assumed unknown and is determined from the sensors’ indications. The problem of active damping of an isotropic thermoviscoelastic rectangular plate with hinged edges is solved as an example. A formula for the voltage to be applied to the actuator to damp the forced vibrations in the first mode is derived. The effect of the dimensions of the sensor and actuator and the dissipative properties of the materials on the effectiveness of active damping is studied     

The effect of longitudinal high-frequency in-plane vibrations on a 1-DoF friction oscillator with compliant contact

Nonlinear Dynamics - The effect of vibrational smoothing of dry friction has been studied intensively in the past. High-frequency vibrations have been shown to reduce average friction forces and...