基于磁流体热透镜效应的阈值可调光学限幅器的理论设计

理论模拟了激光束通过磁流体样品后产生的远场光斑图样,提出了一种阈值可调光学限幅器的实现方案.计算了不同光阑孔径半径和不同光阑样品距离情况下,系统的出射光功率与入射光功率的关系.得出了系统的光学限幅阈值随光阑孔径半径的增大以及光阑样品距离的减小而向高功率方向转移的结论,且限幅阈值与光阑孔径半径之间呈线性关系.定义了描述磁流体样品特征的参量f,发现了系统的光学限幅阈值随f的绝对值增加而减小.本文的结论能为实际的磁流体基可调谐光学限幅器的设计与制作提供有益的参考.     

折射型光限幅器中参量的最优化设计研究

以衍射理论为基础,用箝位输出功率表征限幅器的限幅效果,推导了折射型光限幅器出射功率的表达式.数值计算了连续激光照射下,限幅器出射功率、限幅能力和最佳限幅位置的变化规律.结果表明：限幅器的出射功率随入射功率的增加衰减振荡,其振荡周期取决于介质相对于光束焦点的位置;限幅器的限幅能力随入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径的变大而减弱;入射功率范围固定,入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径增大时,介质的最佳限幅位置向入射光束的焦点靠近,但是在某些入射功率范围内会存在多个最佳限幅位置;光限幅器的箝位输出功率随光阑线性透过率的增加存在线性增加和非线性增加两个不同区域,实际应用中应在线性增加区域确定光阑孔径的大小.     

折射型光限幅器中参量的最优化设计研究

以衍射理论为基础,用箝位输出功率表征限幅器的限幅效果,推导了折射型光限幅器出射功率的表达式.数值计算了连续激光照射下,限幅器出射功率、限幅能力和最佳限幅位置的变化规律.结果表明:限幅器的出射功率随入射功率的增加衰减振荡,其振荡周期取决于介质相对于光束焦点的位置;限幅器的限幅能力随入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径的变大而减弱;入射功率范围固定,入射光束腰半径和光阑孔径增大时,介质的最佳限幅位置向入射光束的焦点靠近,但是在某些入射功率范围内会存在多个最佳限幅位置;光限幅器的箝位输出功率随光阑线性透过率的增加存在线性增加和非线性增加两个不同区域,实际应用中应在线性增加区域确定光阑孔径的大小.     

测量三阶非线性折射率的4f相位相干成像技术中正负相位物体的优化

4f相位相干成像技术是测量三阶光学非线性的一种新方法.在4f相位相干成像系统中的相位光阑一直都足用具有一致相位延迟的相位物体,这种相位光阑只能产生单一的相衬信号.应用正负相位物体可以提高4f相位相干成像系统测量灵敏度.为了使含正负相位物体的4f相位相干成像系统的灵敏度进一步得到提高,理论分析了正负相位物体的半径和相移的大小对4f相位相干成像系统灵敏度的影响.结果表明系统的灵敏度随着相位物体半径与小孔半径的比值的减小而增大.当相位物体的大小一定时,在相移为0.43π的地方系统的灵敏度达到最大值.     

基于Z扫描理论的光限幅优化分析

基于Z扫描的基本理论,根据强光光束在非线性介质中的特殊传播规律,改变光路的几何排列及光阑孔径,计算了不同情况下光阑的归一化透过率,从而确定各个参数对限幅效果的影响,得出最佳的几何排布,以实现限幅器的优化设计.     

Z-扫描参量对薄膜材料三阶非线性光学特性的影响

采用数值计算方法对薄膜材料的Z-扫描参量进行研究.对不同激光脉宽下Z-扫描的三阶非线性折射系数和吸收系数进行分析,结果显示不同等级的脉宽激光器对计算结果的数量级影响很大.对不同小孔光阑半径的Z-扫描闭孔曲线进行仿真,结果显示光阑小孔越小,获得特征曲线的峰谷值越明显.对不同光阑离透镜焦点的距离值进行Z-扫描闭孔曲线仿真,...     

基于反饱和吸收和自聚焦两种效应的光限幅器

用酞菁铜金属有机染料首次演示了基于反饱和吸收和自聚焦两种效应的光限幅器．实验和理论分析表明，这种限幅器的输入阈值功率由反饱和吸收决定，而自聚焦使限幅器的最大限幅输出功率降低，限幅效果显著增强．     

基于反饱和吸收和自聚集两种效应的光限幅器

用酞菁酮金属有机染料首次演示了基于反饱和吸收和自聚焦两种效应的光限幅器。实验和理论分析表明，这种限幅器的输入阈值功率由反饱和吸收决定，而自聚焦使限幅器的最大限幅输出功率降低，限幅效果显著增强。     

钴卟啉溶液的光限幅特性研究

对大分子有机化合物钴卟啉的非线性光学特性在 4 5 7 9,4 88和 5 14 5nm三个连续激光波长下进行了研究。用单光束z scan技术测到三个曲线均是先出现峰值后出现谷值 ,按照Sheik bahae等人的理论该样品的非线性折射率为负值 ,即样品具有热自散焦效应。反饱和吸收特性的研究结果得到三个透射率T随入射激光功率的增大而减小的曲线 ,表明该样品在这三个波长下均呈现出反饱和吸收效应。众所周知 ,热自散焦效应和反饱和吸收效应都能导致光限幅。文章的实验结果也表明 :钴卟啉在三个波长下均具有光限幅特性 ,限幅阈值随着波长的减小而减小 ;其光学限幅效果好且限幅阈值低 ,是一种有较大潜在应用价值的新型光限幅材料。因此 ,可以利用这两种效应对钴卟啉的共同作用 ,制成新型光限幅器件     

拟合法测量高斯光束的束腰半径

从高斯光束的横向光强分布特性出发,建立了小孔光阑透过功率与孔径的关系式.采用2种不同拟合方法对高斯光束的束腰半径进行了测量.为减小激光器功率不稳定带来的不利影响,实验中采用双光路进行测量.结果表明,用拟合法测量高斯光束的束腰半径不仅合理,而且可行.     

Realization of optical limiting with a magnetic fluid film

In this paper, optical limiting property in a magnetic fluid film is studied. The relationship between the emergent power and the incident power is investigated experimentally and theoretically. It is found that the limiting threshold is linear with the diaphragm aperture which accord with the theoretical prediction. The external magnetic field will affect the limiting property, and increase the limiting threshold.     

Threshold-tunable optical limiters based on nonlinear refraction in ferrosols

The Fe₂O₃/SiO₂ sols, referred as the ferrosols, are prepared by the sol-gel techniques. The addition of CTAB surfactant used as stabilizer can considerably enhance the refractive optical nonlinearity of the ferrosols, though it reduces the optical transparency. The divergence and annular rings formation of the laser beam transmitted the ferrosols are assigned to the self-defocusing and transverse self-phase modulation within the ferrosols and are investigated experimentally. By numerically solving the Kirchhoff diffraction integral, the value of the nonlinear refraction (n₂) of the CTAB-stabilized ferrosols is found to be −2.3 × 10⁻⁹ m²/W or so, which is reasonably large. The aperture-limited optical limiters based on the nonlinear refraction of the stabilized ferrosols are presented. The tunability of limiting threshold of the proposed optical limiters can be accomplished in on-line mode by engineering the experimental geometry, e.g. the aperture size and position behind the sample. The mechanisms of the optical limiting effects and the tunable limiting threshold are clarified. The results presented in this work provide cost-effective means and materials for designing the threshold-tunable optical limiters.     

Low-threshold optical power limiting of cw laser illumination based on nonlinear refraction in zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin

The increasing use of low power cw lasers in various applications calls for the design of optical limiters with low thresholds. To this end, the optical nonlinearity exhibited by zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin at low laser powers is utilized to design an optical limiter for low threshold operation. The basic parameter responsible for limiting action, the nonlinear refractive index of the medium, is measured using the Z-scan technique and found to have a value of at the helium–neon laser wavelength of 632.8 nm. The origin of nonlinearity is explained on the basis of the thermal lens model. It is shown that effective optical limiting at desired threshold values can be achieved by the optimal choice of aperture size and experimental geometry.     

光阑对非线性折射光限幅效果影响的理论研究

分析和计算了光阑在两种典型光路系统的光限幅中对限幅效果的影响,包括光阑的大小和位置.两种典型系统分别为理想望远系统和理想聚焦系统.计算模型基于Z扫描理论及其改进公式,限幅机理为非线性折射.对每种情况下光阑的影响进行了定性分析和计算,并取得了相应的理论曲线.研究结果对于光限幅结构中光阑的选取和优化有重要的参考意义.     

四种解析解设计的短程透镜卷边对损耗的影响

根据光波导短程透镜母线曲率半径与光传输损耗的关系,利用数值计算的方法,通过计算不同母线参数条件下,四种解析解设计的短程透镜母线曲率半径,研究比较了短程透镜卷边对其损耗的影响,得出了短程透镜损耗与其有效区半径关系的曲线图,发现透镜凹面半径一定时,有效区半径越小,即卷边越大时,光传输损耗越小;短程透镜的解析改进解和最优解设计的透镜卷边存在曲率奇点.并由此得出了四种解析解设计的短程透镜有效区半径选取原则及其满足低损耗条件的取值范围.     

Investigation on the output energy characteristic of optical limiting based on stimulated Brillouin scattering

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) featuring sub-nanosecond response time takes place at a high power threshold, which enables its application at a high power density. When the intensity of input light excesses the SBS threshold, strong SBS process takes place through SBS medium, leading to a quick energy transfer from pump to the Stokes and thereby an optical limiting characteristic in the output energy. In this paper, the correlation between SBS output energy and input power density is numerically simulated and validated in the Nd: YAG Q-switch laser system. The results indicate that not only the output energy exhibits an optical limiting characteristic, but also the clamped value of output energy can be controlled by changing the medium or the focal length.     

Influence of switchable magnetic field on the modulation property of nanostructured magnetic fluids

Magnetic fluid is a kind of colloidal material with tunable microstructure and unique optical properties. The tunable magneto-optical modulation property of magnetic fluid under externally switchable magnetic field with various modulation periods is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The transitional modulation period (lower limit of the working frequency) between the square-like and oscillation-like modulation is achieved and found to be magnetic-field- and sample-concentration-dependent. The modulation mechanism is analyzed and ascribed to the dynamic microstructure of magnetic fluid under different modulation periods of external magnetic fields. The result of this work may be helpful for the pragmatic applications of magnetic fluid based on the square-like modulation.     

Defects related emission and nanosecond optical power limiting in CuS quantum dots

We report optical and nonlinear optical properties of CuS quantum dots and nanoparticles prepared through a nontoxic, green, one-pot synthesis method. The presence of surface states and defects in the quantum dots are evident from the luminescent behavior and enhanced nonlinear optical properties measured using the open aperture Z-scan, employing 5 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The quantum dots exhibit large effective third order nonlinear optical coefficients with a relatively lower optical limiting threshold of 2.3 J cm⁻², and the optical nonlinearity arises largely from absorption saturation and excited state absorption. Results suggest that these materials are potential candidates for designing efficient optical limiters with applications in laser safety devices.     

Novel optical devices based on the tunable refractive index of magnetic fluid and their characteristics

As a new type of functional material, magnetic fluid (MF) is a stable colloid of magnetic nanoparticles, dressed with surfactant and dispersed in the carrier liquid uniformly. The MF has many unique optical properties, and the most important one is its tunable refractive index property. This paper summarizes the properties of the MF refractive index and the related optical devices. The refractive index can be easily controlled by external magnetic field, temperature, and so on. But the tunable refractive index of MF has a relaxation effect. As a result, the response time is more than milliseconds and the MF is only suitable for low speed environment. Compared with the traditional optical devices, the magnetic fluid based optical devices have the tuning ability. Compared with the tunable optical devices (the electro-optic devices (LiNbO₃) of more than 10 GHz modulation speed, acoustic-optic devices (Ge) of more than 20 MHz modulation speed), the speed of the magnetic fluid based optical devices is low. Now there are many applications of magnetic fluid based on the refractive index in the field of optical information communication and sensing technology, such as tunable beam splitter, optical-fiber modulator, tunable optical gratings, tunable optical filter, optical logic device, tunable interferometer, and electromagnetic sensor. With the development of the research and application of magnetic fluid,a new method, structure and material to improve the response time can be found, which will play an important role in the fields of optical information communication and sensing technology.