过渡金属五卤苯基有机化合物的研究(Ⅰ)——含烷、芳基混合型膦配体的五氯苯基镍化合物的合成及其反应

本文合成了一些通式为(Ph₂PR)₂Ni(C₆Cl₅)Cl的新型含烷、芳混合型膦配体的五氯苯基镍化合物。研究了这些化合物与无机卤化合物、类卤化物、有机锂试剂以及炔烃的化学反应,并由此合成了一系列新的有机镍化合物和扩展了某些反应的应用范围。     

Many-body perturbation theory and polarization propagator studies of the structure, energetics and excitation spectrum of CO3

Geometry optimization has been performed on CO₃ in the SCF approximation and in the second-, third-, and fourth-order MBPT approximations limited to single and double substitutions using a double-zeta plus polarization basis set. The energetics of the formation and decomposition of CO₃ from the reactions CO₂ + O(¹D) → CO₃ and CO₃ + CO → 2CO₂, respectively, have been calculated in several approximations including full fourth-order MBPT. In addition first-order polarization propagator calculations have been performed to identify the low-lying excited states.     

Extraction of Ni(II) by n-dodecanoic acid dissolved in toluene

The extraction of Ni(II) from nitrate medium of ionic strength 2.0 mol · dm⁻³ by n-dodecanoic acid (HA) dissolved in toluene has been studied at 293 K. Distribution measurements of the metal ion in a wide range of pH and carboxylic acid concentration have been performed. Experimental data, treated by different graphical methods as well as numerically by the LETAGROP-DISTR program, have been explained assuming the presence in the organic phase of the species NiA₂, NiA₂(HA)₂, [NiA₂(HA)₂]₂ and [NiA₂(HA)₂]₃. Equilibrium constants for the different extraction reactions are given.     

The reaction of (SO2)2 and (CO2)2 with Ba

The reactions of (CO₂)₂ and (SO₂)₂ with Ba have been investigated using a crossed beam arrangement and the laser-induced fluorescence technique. Internal energy in the BaO product was probed in order to study differences between monomeric and dimeric reactions. The reaction cross section for the dimers of CO₂ was found to be between four and eightfold larger than that of the monomers. This can be explained by the change in the reaction mechanism due to the positive electron affinity of the dimers versus the negative electron affinity of the monomers. The product BaO from the dimeric reactions is much colder rotationally than in the monomeric case. This phenomenon can be explained based on the kinematics.     

Synthesis and chemistry of the bis(trimethylsilyl)amido bis-tetrahydrofuranates of the group 2 metals magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium. X-ray crystal structures of Mg[N(SiMe3)2]2·2THF and related Mn[N(SiMe3)2]2·2THF

Transamination reactions utilizing the compound mercuric bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, Hg{N(SiMe₃)₂}₂, in tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the metals Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Al have been investigated. Thus the THF solvated compounds Na[N(SiMe₃)₂]·THF and M[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂·2THF, M = Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba (1–4), have been prepared. The X-ray crystal structures of 1 and the related manganese compound Mn[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂·2THF (5) are reported. Interaction of the silylamides, 2–4, with a range of crown ethers apparently proceeded with elimination of silylamine, (Me₃Si)₂NH, and novel ring opening of the crown ethers, generating species containing a donor alkoxide ligand with a vinyl ether function, presumably, ---O(CH₂CH₂O)_nCH=CH₂ (n = 3−5). The silylamides 2–4 were also cleanly converted to the corresponding alkoxides (from ¹H NMR data) in reactions with stoichiometric quantities of 3-ethyl-3-pentanol.     

过渡金属五卤苯基有机化合物的研究(Ⅱ)——五氯苯基镍化合物亲核取代反应动力学

本文用分光光度法研究了双(二苯基烷基膦)合(五氯苯基)卤化镍(MX)与NO₂^-和CNS^-在MeOH、EtOH和DMF溶剂中的亲核取代反应动力学.实验表明,反应遵循两项速率定律,即γ=(k₁+k₂[L])[MX].实验分别测定了不同温度下的速率常数k₁、k₂值及对应的活化参数△H^≠和△S^≠值.讨论了反应机理、溶剂效应,以及化合物中的不同烷基膦配体、不同离去基团和不同进入基团对反应速率的影响.     

Formation of stabilized zirconia with rare earth fluorides

New reactions to prepare stabilized zirconia using rare earth fluorides as the solid electrolyte have been examined by means of X-ray diffraction, DTA and EPMA methods. The eleven rare earth fluorides of yttrium and samarium through lutetium reacted with ZrO₂ to form new types of stabilized zirconias (LnFSZ) consisting of the ternary system of ZrO₂-Ln₂O₃-LnF₃. (2x+3y)ZrO₂ + (4y+2z)LnF₃ = 2(ZrO₂)_x(Ln₂O₃)_z + 3yZrF₄) where x, y and z represent the stabilizing composition at which the homogeneous solid solution with the fluorite structure is formed, and x + y + z + = 1. This reactions begins to take place at about 600 C and is completed by firing at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1300 °C for a few hours in an argon atmosphere.     

Syntheses of low-valent nitrosyl complexes of rhenium and X-ray structure oftrans-[ReCl(NO)(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)2][NO3]2 with nitrosyl derived nitrates

The nitrosyl complexes trans-[ReCl(NO)(dppe)₂]A₂ (1; A = BF₄ or NO₃; dppe = Ph₂PCH₂CH₂₋PPh₂) and trans-[ReCl(NO)(dppe)₂][BF₄] (2) have been prepared from the reactions of NO[BF₄] or NO with trans-[ReCl(N₂)dppe)₂]. An unusual facile oxidation of NO to nitrate is involved in the formation of (1, A = NO₃), the X-ray structure of which is reported.     

Measurements of thermal energy neon ion—neutral reaction rate coefficients and product ion distributions

Reaction rate coefficients and product ion distributions have been measured for the reaction of Ne⁺ with H₂, N₂, CO, CO₂, N₂O, CH₄, O₂, NO, NH₃, SO₂, CH₃Cl, COS, H₂O and C₂H₄ at 300 K using a selected ion flow tube (SIFT) apparatus. In most cases the major reaction channel involves dissociative ionization while for N₂, CO⁺, H₂O, CH₄ and CH₃Cl these reactions proceed mainly or exclusively by simple charge transfer. For H₂ the process is exclusively hydrogen atom abstraction. The measured rate coefficients are compared with the values given by the Langevin and average-dipole orientation theories of ion—molecule collisions. In general the reaction probability (ratio of measured rate to the Langevin or ADO rate) is greater for the dissociative ionizaton reactions, although H₂O is an exception with quite fast simple charge transfer.     

Temperature dependence of the reaction C2H (C2D) + O2 between 295 and 700 K

The rate coefficients for the reactions of C₂H and C₂D with O₂ have been measured in the temperature range 295 K T 700 K. Both reactions show a slightly negative temperature dependence in this temperature range, with k_C2H+O2 = (3.15 ± 0.04) × 10⁻¹¹ (T/295 K)^{−(0.16 ± 0.02)} cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹. The kinetic isotope effect is k_C2H/k_C2D = 1.04 ± 0.03 and is constant with temperature to within experimental error. The temperature dependence and the C₂H + O₂ kinetic isotope effect are consistent with a capture-limited metathesis reaction, and suggest that formation of the initial HCCOO adduct is rate-limiting.     

稀土金属硼氢化物的研究(Ⅰ)——十二氢十二硼酸苯酰肼合稀土金属(Ⅲ)螯合物的合成和性质

本文合成了一系列十二氢十二硼酸苯酰肼合稀土金属(Ⅲ)螯合物,对它们进行了元素分析、红外光谱测定和摩尔电导率的测量,确定化合物的分子式为[Ln(BH)₄]₂(B₁₂H₁₂)₃(BH=苯酰肼),通过DTA法测定了化合物的热稳定性。     

二环戊二烯基钛烴氧基衍生物的合成和性能研究

二环戊二烯基二氯化钛与脂肪醇的反应是非常复杂的,由于反应体系不同,所得的产物也不同,且产物又不稳定^[1-3]。     

固相配位化学反应研究(LXVII)─固－固相反应合成混配化合物

室温或近室温条件下,Co(acac)₂(H₂O)₂与第二配体2,2'-联吡啶、1,10-啡啰啉、8-羟基喹啉、水杨醛肟固相反应得到4个混配化合物,经XRD、IR、UV及元素分析表征了这些产物。     

Relative energies of isomers of C36F2

The symmetry unrestricted C₃₆F₂ isomers formed from fullerene C₃₆, the initial symmetry of which is C_6v, C_6h, or D_2d, have been extensively studied with semi-empirical (AM1 and PM3) calculations. Based on the relationship between the isomer's stability and the adding positions, three patterns of the adding sites of F₂ moiety in the additive reactions have been deducted. The results of the π-orbital axis vector (POAV) analysis indicate that the chemical reactivity of C₃₆ is the result of the high strain in the C₃₆ cage. But, in order to form stable compounds, the effects, which guide the F₂ moiety to select carbon atoms in the C₃₆ cage, are dominated by the conjugate effect in C₃₆F₂ system rather than the strain release in the C₃₆ cage.     

二(烷基黄原酸)合铂(Ⅱ)与哌啶在苯介质中连串取代反应的动力学及机理

研究了二(境基黄原致)合铂(Ⅱ)[Pt(S₂COR)₂(R=Me,Et,n-Pr,n-Bu,Am)]与哌啶连串取代反应动力学,提出了包括前期平衡的反应机理,据此导出的速率方程圈满地解释了全部实验事实.计算了前期平衡常数和速控步骤的速率常数,并对加成物的结构作了合理推断,计算了各活化参数和两个反应系的等动力学温度β₁=283±7K和β₂=263±25K.     

Influence of surface reactions on original ESR signals of powdered samples Zn3P2

Preliminary investigations of Zn₃P₂ single crystals suggested two models of surface reactions with wet air. ESR paramagnetic signals have been observed in powdered samples. The influence of surface reactions of saturated vapours of H₂O in the presence of air at room temperature, as well as annealing with phosphorus and heating at 500°C under vacuum on the original ESR signals has been studied. The results of these treatments on the ESR signal strongly depend on the type of samples: high or low electrical resistivity, related to the amount of phosphorus in the Zn₃P₂ structure.     

Observation of difluorinated higher fullerene anions by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry and determination of electron affinities of C60F2 and C70F2

Difluorinated higher fullerenes have been studied by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry. Thermal negative ions C_nF₂⁻ (n=60, 70, 72, 74, 76 and 78) were produced inside the effusion cell as well as the neutral molecules C₆₀F₂ and C₇₀F₂. From the equilibrium constants for the electron exchange reactions between difluorinated fullerenes and their parents electron affinity values were derived for C₆₀F₂ (2.74 eV) and C₇₀F₂ (2.80 eV).     

Role of the sulfhydryl group on the gas phase fragmentation reactions of protonated cysteine and cysteine containing peptides

The gas phase fragmentation reactions of protonated cysteine and cysteine-containing peptides have been studied using a combination of collisional activation in a tandem mass spectrometer and ab initio calculations [at the MP2(FC)/6-31G*//HF/6-31G* level of theory]. There are two major competing dissociation pathways for protonated cysteine involving: (i) loss of ammonia, and (ii) loss of the elements of [CH₂O₂]. MS/MS, MS/MS of selected ions formed by collisional activation in the electrospray ionization source as well as ab initio calculations have been carried out to determine the mechanisms of these reactions. The ab initio results reveal that the most stable [M + H − NH₃]⁺ isomer is an episulfonium ion (A), whereas the most stable [M + H − CH₂O₂]⁺ isomer is an immonium ion (B). The effect of the position of the cysteine residue on the fragmentation reactions of the [M + H]⁺ ions of all the possible simple dipeptide and tripeptide methyl esters containing one cysteine (where all other residues are glycine) has also been investigated. When cysteine is at the N-terminal position, NH₃ loss is observed, although the relative abundance of the resultant [M + H − NH₃]⁺ ion decreases with increasing peptide size. In contrast, when cysteine is at any other position, water loss is observed. The proposed mechanism for loss of H₂O is in competition with those channels leading to the formation of structurally relevant sequence ions.     

Synthesis and reactions of 4-vinyl pyridine derivatives of ruthenium(II)

4-Vinyl pyridine (4-Vp) reacts with RuHClCO(PPh₃)₃ (I) in THF to give RuHClCO(PPh₃)₂(4-Vp) (II, which reacts with sodium derivatives of bidentate chelating ligands to afford substitution products, [RuH(CO)(PPh₃)₂(L)]. The bindentate ligands used are 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, trifluorothenoylacetone and 8-hydroxyquinoline. Insertion reactions of the Ru---H bond of II with activated olefins such as acrylonitrile [giving RuCl(CO)(CH₃CHCN)(PPh₃)₂(4-Vp)], 2-vinyl pyridine, dimethyl fumarate and monobromodiethyl fumarate have been carried out to obtain chelated Ru---C bonded complexes. RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ reacts with an excess of 4-Vp to give an octahedral ruthenium addition complex containing two vinyl pyridine ligands. The dimer [RuClCO(CH₃CHCN)(PPh₃)(4-Vp)]₂ is obtained by the reaction of [RuClCO(CH₃CHCN)(PPh₃)₂]₂ with an excess of 4-Vp. Stereochemical assignments have been made for these new complexes on the basis of IR and ¹H NMR data.     

Perfluoromethyl—element-liganden : XX. Bildung von heteronuclearen zweikernkomplexen des typs mm′(CO)nXY (M = Mn; M′ = Re, Co)

The reactions of MnRe(CO)₁₀ with As₂(CF₃)₄ and MnCo(CO)₉ with P₂(CF₃)₄, As₂(CF₃)₄, S₂(CF₃)₂, Se₂(CF₃)₂, (CF₃)₂EI (E = P, As), (CF₃)₂AsH, (CF₃)₂AsE′CF₃ (E′ = S, Se), (CF₃)₂PSeCF₃, Me₂AsI and (CF₃)₂PPMe₂, respectively, have been studied under various conditions. Besides already known mono- and binuclear compounds the heteronuclear complexes MnRe(CO)₈[As(CF₃)₂]₂ and MnCo(CO)₇[E(CF₃)₂]₂ (E = P, As) are formed. The reactions proceed via cleavage of the M---M′ bond and formation of the mononuclear species Mn(CO)₅X and M′(CO)_nY (M′ = Re, n = 5; M′ = Co, n = 4).