从积分几何的观点看几何不等式——纪念李国平院士吴新谋教授诞辰100周年

该文先介绍一些中国数学家在几何不等式方面的工作.作者用积分几何中著名的Poincarè公式及Blaschke公式估计一随机凸域包含另一域的包含测度, 得到了经典的等周不等式和Bonnesen -型不等式.还得到了一些诸如对称混合等周不等式、Minkowski -型和Bonnesen -型对称混合等似不等式在内的一些新的几何不等式.最后还研究了Gage -型等周不等式以及Ros -型等周不等式.     

两平面凸域的对称混合等周不等式

设K_k(k=i,j)为欧氏平面R~2中面积为A_k,周长为P_k的域,它们的对称混合等周亏格(symmetric mixed isoperimetric deficit)为σ(K_i,K_j)=P_i~2P_j~2-16π~2A_iA_j.根据周家足,任德麟(2010)和Zhou,Yue(2009)中的思想,用积分几何方法,得到了两平面凸域的Bonnesen型对称混合不等式及对称混合等周不等式,给出了两域的对称混合等周亏格的一个上界估计.还得到了两平面凸域的离散Bonnesen型对称混合不等式及两凸域的对称混合等周亏格的一个上界估计,并应用这些对称混合(等周)不等式估计第二类完全椭圆积分.     

平面两凸域的Bonnesen型对称混合不等式

本文利用积分几何中的Poincare运动公式和Blaschke运动公式估计平面上两域K_0和k_1的对称混合等周亏格△_2(K_0,K_1),得到了对称混合等周不等式和一些Bonnesen型对称混合不等式,其中一个不等式加强了Kotlyar的不等式.此外我们还得到了一些逆Bonnesen型对称混合不等式,其条件比著名的Bottema不等式的弱.     

Bonnesen型Ros等周不等式

首先定义了欧氏平面上的Ros等周亏格,得到了Ros等周亏格与经典的等周亏格之间的关系,讨论了Bonnesen型Ros等周不等式.利用前人的一些著名的Bonnesen型不等式,我们得到了一些Bonnesen型Ros等周不等式.     

平面Bonnesen型不等式的几点注记

本文研究了平面紧域的Bonnesen型不等式.利用紧域及其凸包的周长和面积得到一些新的Bonnesen型不等式以及两个用最大内切圆半径与最小外接圆半径表示的Bonnesen型不等式.     

平面凸体的等周亏格的上界估计

本文研究平面凸体的等周亏格的上界估计.利用文献[20]中的思想得到一些新的由凸体的周长、面积、最小外接圆半径和最大内切圆半径表示的等周亏格的上界估计,推广了文献[20]中的结果.     

关于四面体的Bonnesen型等周不等式

主要研究几何体的Bonnesen型等周不等式.得到了两个关于四面体的Bonnesen型等周不等式;进一步地,给出了关于四面体的等周不等式的一个简单证明.     

体积差的等周不等式

首次提出并建立了凸体的体积差函数的等周不等式,它是经典等周不等式的推广.作为应用,对星体建立了体积差函数的对偶等周不等式和广义对偶等周不等式.     

经典等周不等式的又一简单初等的证明

In this short note we will give another simple and elementary proof of the classical isoperimetric inequality in the Euclidean plane.     

关于曲率积分不等式的注记

本文主要研究平面卵形线的曲率积分不等式.利用积分几何中凸集的支持函数以及外平行集的性质,得到了Gage等周不等式与曲率的熵不等式的一个积分几何的简化证明;进一步地,我们得到了一个新的关于曲率积分的不等式.     

A Class of Schur Convex Functions and Several Geometric Inequalities

Schur convexity, Schur geometrical convexity and Schur harmonic convex-ity of a class of symmetric functions are investigated. As consequences some known inequalities are generalized. In addition, a cl...     

凸体几何一些经典不等式的等价性

本文惊奇地发现,凸体几何中一些具有较高应用价值的经典不等式之间存在 着等价性,作者给出了精辟的论证.     

On rigidity of affine surfaces

Rigidity of nondegenerate Blaschke surfaces in is studied. The rigidity criteria are given in terms of , where is the curvature of the Blaschke connection . If the rank of is 2, then the surface is rigid. If , it is nonrigid. In the case where the rank of is 1 there are both rigid and nonrigid surfaces. This case is discussed for various types of surfaces.

     

关于凸体i次宽度积分的不等式

根据Lutwak引进的凸体i次宽度积分的概念,本文获得了凸体i次宽度积分的Blaschke-Santal幃不等式,并把Ky Fan不等式推广到了凸体i次宽度积分.最后,本文利用其与对偶均质积分之间的关系建立了两个中心对称凸体的极的Brunn-Minkowski型不等式.     

凸函数的Hadamard不等式的若干推广

本文获得两个定理 ,它们均是不等式f a +b2 1b -a∫baf (x) dx f (a) +f (b)2(其中 f是 [a,b]上的连续凸函数 )的推广 .     

关于凸体的Lp-曲率映象的不等式

Lutwak提出了凸体的Lp-曲率映象的概念,并证明了凸体与其Lp-曲率映象的体积之间的一个不等式．本文给出了Lutwak结果的一个一般形式,继而证明了凸体与其Lp-曲率映象的极的体积之间的一个不等式,并得到了凸体的Lp-投影体和Lp-曲率映象的体积之间的一个不等式．     

On Some Special Surfaces Connected with Convex Surfaces of the Lobachevskii Space

With a closed convex surface in a Lobachevskii space we associate four special surfaces: the inscribed and circumscribed spheres, a sphere rolling freely over the inner side of , and an equidistant surface over whose inner side rolls freely. We find an exact dependence between these four special surfaces.     

Life-Span of Classical Solutions to Hyperbolic Geometric Flow in Two Space Variables with Slow Decay Initial Data

In this paper we investigate the life-span of classical solutions to the hyperbolic geometric flow in two space variables with slow decay initial data. By establishing some new estimates on the solutions of linear wave equations in two space variables, we give a lower bound of the life-span of classical solutions to the hyperbolic geometric flow with asymptotic flat initial Riemann surfaces.     

On Hyperbolic Variational Inequalities of First Order and Some Applications

This paper presents further developments in the study of strong solutions and their coincidence sets to the obstacle problem for linear transport operators. Under natural mild assumptions, the strong convergence of the solutions and the characteristic functions of their coincidence sets is obtained in the passage of second order to first order problems. An application to a steady-state chemotaxis problem is given. The extension to the two obstacles problem of first order is also presented, having in view an application to a porous media model in presence of saturation arising in petroleum engineering.     

On some questions arising in numerical realization of amplitude-phase methods

For computing rapidly oscillating solutions of certain second order differential equations a new version of amplitude-phase methods has recently been proposed in [11]. Error estimates were given to approximate solutions for large arguments in [15]. One of the most important points in these methods is the introduction of Prüfer transformation modified by auxiliary functions. Their appropriate choice makes the methods applicable and efficient. When implementing and applying the methods to practical problems, we face some further questions. In this paper we describe and try to answer them. Efficiency of the methods is confirmed by numerical experiments on concrete problems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.