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1.
Developing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with well‐designed functionality is highly desirable for boosting the performance and versatility of inorganic–organic hybrid materials. In an attempt to achieve ion recognition with specific signal expressions, we present here 4‐piperazinyl‐1,8‐naphthalimide‐functionalized AuNPs for the realization of quantitative recognition of FeIII ions with dual (colorimetric and fluorescent) output. The research takes advantage of 1) quantity‐controlled chelation‐mode transformation of the piperazinyl moiety on the AuNPs towards FeIII, thereby resulting in an aggregation–dispersion conversion of the AuNPs in solution, and 2) photoinduced electron transfer of a naphthaimide fluorophore on the AuNPs, thus leading to reversible absorption and emission changes. The functional AuNPs are also responsive to pH variations. This strategy for realizing the aggregation–dispersion conversion of AuNPs with returnable signal output might exhibit application potential for advanced nanoscale chemosensors.  相似文献   

2.
4‐aminothiophenol‐modified gold nanoparticles (PATP‐AuNPs) were used as colorimetric and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) probes for the sensitive detection of Escherichia coliDH5α, as a model for Gram‐negative bacteria. The nano‐probes were easy to prepare through Au‐S bonding. Under optimized conditions, the PATP‐AuNPs surface with positive charge can bind with negatively charged E.coliDH5α via electrostatic adhesion, resulting in a quick color change from red to blue, and also a dramatic SERS signal enhancement from thousands of AuNPs aggregated on the surface of bacteria, which was utilized for both colorimetric and SERS detection of E.coliDH5α. For colorimetric analysis, it is the first time that the classical partial least square (PLS) regression was utilized to deal with the relationship between adsorption and E.coliDH5α concentrations. Excellent linear relationship was observed from 1.1 x 107 to 1.3 x 108 cfu mL‐1 with the average relative error (ARE) of 5.430, which was more accurate than the traditional extinction ration method. When coupled with confocal Raman microscope, this PATP‐AuNPs probes could be used to detection SERS signals produced from even one single bacterium. This bioassay is rapid, less expensive and convenient for bacteria detection and analysis. Therefore, PATP‐AuNPs system as a novel, versatile, on‐site and real‐time Gram‐negative bacteria sensor, would have a wide range of practical applications.  相似文献   

3.
《Electroanalysis》2017,29(9):2090-2097
Lignosulfonate‐stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs‐LS) were synthesized and subsequently used as a complexing agent for mercury ions. The obtained AuNPs‐LS/Hg2+ complex was characterized by means of various physicochemical techniques such as UV‐vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, the resulting complex was evaluated as an electrode modifier for the development of amperometric sensors. Upon sufficient negative potential, the bound mercury ions are reduced to form an amalgam with AuNPs‐LS. Thus, the performance of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified by AuNPs‐LS/Hg film was investigated as an electrochemical sensor in the determination of Tl+ ions in a 0.05 M EDTA at pH 4.5. The presence of the mercury containing film improves the analyte accumulation due to its ability to form a fused amalgam with thallium. The presented data indicate that the GCE/AuNPs‐LS/Hg modified electrode shows better performance toward Tl+ determination in comparison to bare GCE. The stripping anodic peak current of thallium was linear over its concentration range from 1.7⋅10−7 to 5.0⋅10−6 M. The detection limit (3σ) was estimated to be 1.4⋅10−7 M. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of thallium ions in real samples of soil derived from the area of the copper smelter near Głogów (Poland).  相似文献   

4.
Gold nanoparticles of different morphologies have been synthesized on a silica‐based organic‐inorganic hybrid material for catalytic applications. The gold nanoparticles formations proceed through in situ chemical reduction of the AuCl4? anions previously adsorbed on 3‐(1‐imidazolyl)propyl‐silsesquioxane, which plays the role of substrate and stabilizer. Two distinct reducing agents, sodium citrate and sodium borohydride, were employed to generate gold nanoparticles of different sizes. UV‐vis diffuse reflectance as well as transmission electron microscopy were employed to evaluate the particle’s morphology. Modified carbon paste electrodes were prepared from these materials and their electrochemical behavior investigated using potassium ferrocyanide and 4‐nitrophenol as redox model compounds. Both AuNPs‐modified electrodes decreased the overpotential of 4‐nitrophenol reduction by around 90 mV compared to the unmodified electrode as evidenced by cyclic voltammetry experiment. However, the smaller diameter particles (borohydride‐reduced) produced more significant catalytic effect as a consequence of their large surface area. Regarding the sensing parameters, the sensitivity is higher for the borohydride‐reduced AuNPs while the values of limit of detection are of the same order of magnitude. Thus, the detection limit and sensitivity are 70.0±0.6 nM and 187 µA/mM for the citrate‐reduced AuNPs; and 75.0±2.2 nM and 238 µA/mM for the borohydride‐reduced AuNPs.  相似文献   

5.
A label‐free, non‐derivatization chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) detection platform has been developed for the detection of the non‐fluorescent small molecule 6‐mercaptopurine. This CRET process arose from a chemiluminescent (CL) donor–acceptor system in which the reaction of bis(2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO)–H2O2–fluorescein (maximum emission at 521.6 nm) served as the donor and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, maximum absorption at 520.0 nm) served as the acceptor. This process caused a significant decrease in the CL signal of the TCPO–H2O2–fluorescein reaction. The presence of 6‐mercaptopurine induced an aggregation of AuNPs with the assistance of Cu2+ ions through cooperative metal–ligand interactions that was accompanied by a distinct change in color and optical properties. The maximum absorption band of the AuNPs was red‐shifted to 721.0 nm and no longer overlapped with the CL spectrum of the reaction; as a result, the CL signal was restored. This CRET system exhibited a wide linear range, from 9.0 nmol L?1 to 18.0 μmol L?1, and a low detection limit (0.62 nmol L?1) for 6‐mercaptopurine. The applicability of the proposed CRET system was evaluated by analysis of 6‐mercaptopurine in spiked human plasma samples.  相似文献   

6.
《Electroanalysis》2018,30(1):194-203
Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with L‐cysteine and gold nanoparticles‐reduced graphene oxide (AuNPs‐RGO) composite was fabricated as a novel electrochemical sensor for the determination of Cu2+. The AuNPs‐RGO composite was formed on GCE surface by electrodeposition. The L‐cysteine was decorated on AuNPs by self‐assembly. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of L‐cysteine/AuNPs‐RGO/GCE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry and adsorptive stripping voltammetry. The results validated that the prepared electrode had many attractive features, such as large electroactive area, good electrical conductivity and high sensitivity. Experimental conditions, including electrodeposition cycle, self‐assembly time, electrolyte pH and preconcentration time were studied and optimized. Stripping signals obtained from L‐cysteine/AuNPs‐RGO/GCE exhibited good linear relationship with Cu2+ concentrations in the range from 2 to 60 μg L−1, with a detection limit of 0.037 μg L−1. Finally, the prepared electrode was applied for the determination of Cu2+ in soil samples, and the results were in agreement with those obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.  相似文献   

7.
Herein, a signal‐on sandwich‐type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for the detection of thrombin (TB) was proposed. The graphene (GR) doped thionine (TH) was electropolymerized synchronously on the bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to form co‐polymer (PTG) electrode. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were decorated on the surface of the PTG by in‐situ electrodeposition, and the functional co‐polymer (PTG‐AuNPs) electrode was utilized as sensing interface. Then, TB binding aptamer I (TBA I) as capture probes were modified on the PTG‐AuNPs electrode to capture TB, and Ru(bpy)32+/silver nanoparticles doped silica core‐shell nanocomposites‐labeled TB binding aptamer II (RuAg/SiO2NPs@TBA II) were used as signal probes to further bind TB, resulting in a sandwich structure. With the assistant of silica shell and AgNPs, the enrichment and luminous efficiency of Ru(bpy)32+ were significantly improved. Under the synergy of PTG‐AuNPs and RuAg/SiO2NPs, the ECL signal was dramatically increased. The proposed ECL aptasensor displayed a wide linear range from 2 fM to 2 pM with the detection limit of 1 fM, which is comparable or better than that in reported ECL aptasensors for TB using Ru(bpy)32+ and its derivatives as the luminescent substance. The excellent sensitivity makes the proposed aptasensor a promising potential in pharmaceutical and clinical analysis.  相似文献   

8.
《Electroanalysis》2018,30(2):320-327
A novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) photoelectrochemical sensor was fabricated for the highly sensitive and selective detection of triclosan. The MIP photoelectrochemical sensor was fabricated using graphite‐like carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as photoelectric materials. The MIP/g‐C3N4‐AuNPs sensor used photocurrent as the detection signal and was triggered by ultraviolet light (UV‐Light 365 nm). g‐C3N4‐AuNPs was immobilized on indium tin oxide electrodes to produce the photoelectrochemically responsive electrode of the MIP/g‐C3N4‐AuNPs sensor. A MIP layer of poly‐o‐phenylenediamine was electropolymerized on the g‐C3N4‐AuNPs‐modified electrode to act as the recognition element of the MIP/g‐C3N4‐AuNPs sensor and to enable the selective adsorption of triclosan to the sensor through specific binding. Under optimal experimental conditions, the designed MIP/g‐C3N4‐AuNPs sensor presented high sensitivity for triclosan with a linear range of 2×10−12 to 8×10−10 M and a limit of detection of 6.01×10−13 M. Moreover, the MIP/g‐C3N4‐AuNPs sensor showed excellent selectivity. The sensor had been successfully applied in the analysis of toothpaste samples.  相似文献   

9.
The development of highly sensitive and selective methods for the detection of lead ion (Pb2+) is of great scientific importance. In this work, we develop a new surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)‐based sensor for the selective trace measurement of Pb2+. The SERS‐based sensor is assembled from gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and graphene using cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) as a precise molecular glue and a local SERS reporter. Upon the addition of Pb2+, CB[7] forms stronger complexes with Pb2+ and desorbs from AuNPs, resulting in a sensitive “turn‐off” of SERS signals. This SERS‐based assay shows a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.3 nm and a linear detection range from 1 nm to 0.3 μm for Pb2+. The feasibility of the assay is further demonstrated by probing Pb2+ in real water samples. This SERS‐based analytical method is highly sensitive and selective, and therefore holds promising applications in environmental analysis.  相似文献   

10.
A cost‐effective and sensitive colorimetric method was described for the determination of chromium(III) ion (Cr3+) by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles (EDTA‐AuNPs) as a probe. The stable and dispersed EDTA‐AuNPs were prepared by reducing HAuCl4 with sodium borohydride in presence of EDTA as a capping agent. Upon the addition of Cr3+, the colour of EDTA‐AuNPs solution changed from red to violet, which was in response to the surface plasmon absorption of dispersed and aggregated EDTA‐AuNPs. The procedure allowed the determination of Cr3+ in the range of 0.1–1.0 mol/L. The limit of detection for Cr3+ was 0.08 mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 2.5 % for eight repeated measurements of 0.6 mol/L Cr3+ solution. The method was applied to the determination of Cr3+ in water samples.  相似文献   

11.
In this work, a novel sandwich‐type electrochemical immunosensor with electroactive nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (NiHCFNPs) as matrix was constructed for α‐fetoprotein (AFP) detection in a signal‐off manner by using FeS2?AuNPs nanocomposite catalyzed insoluble precipitation to significantly inhibit the electrochemical signal. Initially, the NiHCFNPs with excellent electrochemical property was modified on the electrodeposited nano‐Au electrode to obtain a strong initial electrochemical signal. Subsequently, another nano‐Au layer was formed for immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1). In the presence of target AFP, the prepared FeS2?AuNPs‐Ab2 bioconjugate could be specifically recognized and immobilized on electrode through the sandwich‐type immunoreaction. The FeS2 with large specific surface areas were used as scaffolds to load abundant mimicking enzyme AuNPs. With the help of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), FeS2?AuNPs with peroxidase‐like activity accelerated the 4‐chloro‐1‐naphthol (4‐CN) oxidation with generation of insoluble precipitation on electrode, which would greatly hinder the electron transfer and thus caused the decrease of electrochemical signal for quantitative determination of AFP. This approach achieved a wide dynamic linear range from 0.0001 to 100 ng mL?1 with an ultralow limit detection of 0.028 pg mL?1. Especially, the proposed AFP immunosensor can be applied to detect human serum samples with satisfactory results, indicating a potential application in clinical monitoring of tumor biomarkers.  相似文献   

12.
A practical, two‐step synthesis of novel 4‐(substituted bis‐indolyl)methyl)benzo‐15‐crown‐5 has been reported. The strategy employed for the synthesis of the desired molecules involved Duff formylation of benzo‐15‐crown‐5 to get 4‐formyl benzo‐15‐crown‐5 followed by subsequent reactions with substituted indoles in trifluoroacetic acid to yield novel 4‐(substituted bis‐indolyl)methyl)benzo‐15‐crown‐5 in moderate to good yield. One of the reported novel molecule tested for the complexation behavior with various metal cations, such as Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+ Ca2+, Al3+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Sn2+, Ba2+, Hg2+, and Pb2+, showed a visual colorimetric probe for the detection of mercury cations (Hg2+) in an aqueous medium.  相似文献   

13.
A novel sensor based on carbon black‐gold nanoparticle nanocomposite modified screen‐printed electrode (CB‐AuNPs/SPE) for the detection of As(III) has been developed. The sensor was prepared modifying the SPE with CB and AuNPs by a drop casting automatable deposition. The As(III) was detected by CB‐AuNPs/SPE using anodic stripping voltammetry, with a high sensitivity (673±6 µA µM?1 cm?2) and reaching a LOD of 0.4 ppb. Finally, CB‐AuNPs/SPE has been applied to As(III) trace analysis in drinking water, obtaining satisfactory recovery values (99±9 %).  相似文献   

14.
In this study, a novel non‐enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was fabricated based on gold nanoparticles/carbon nanotube/self‐doped polyaniline (AuNPs/CNTs/SPAN) hollow spheres modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). SPAN was in‐site polymerized on the surface of SiO2 template, then AuNPs and CNTs were decorated by electrostatic absorption via poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride). After the SiO2 cores were removed, hollow AuNPs/CNTs/SPAN spheres were obtained and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrochemical catalytic performance of the hollow AuNPs/CNTs/SPAN/GCE for H2O2 detection was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry. Using chronoamperometric method at a constant potential of ?0.1 V (vs. SCE), the H2O2 sensor displays two linear ranges: one from 5 µM to 0.225 mM with a sensitivity of 499.82 µA mM?1 cm?2; another from 0.225 mM to 8.825 mM with a sensitivity of 152.29 µA mM?1 cm?2. The detection limit was estimated as 0.4 µM (signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3). The hollow AuNPs/CNTs/SPAN/GCE also demonstrated excellent stability and selectivity against interferences from other electroactive species. The sensor was further applied to determine H2O2 in disinfectant real samples.  相似文献   

15.
In the present work, a signal‐on electrochemical sensing strategy for the simultaneous detection of adenosine and thrombin is developed based on switching structures of aptamers. An Au electrode as the sensing surface is modified with two kinds of thiolated capture probes complementary to the linker DNA that contains either an adenosine aptamer or thrombin aptamer. The capture probes hybridize with their corresponding linker DNA, which has prehybridized with the reporter DNA loaded onto the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The AuNP contained two kinds of bio‐barcode DNA: one is complementary to the linker DNA (reporter), whereas the other is not (signal) and is tagged with different metal sulfide nanoparticles. Thus a “sandwich‐type” sensing interface is fabricated for adenosine and thrombin. With the introduction of adenosine and thrombin, the aptamer parts bind with their targets and fold to form the complex structures. As a result, the bio‐barcoded AuNPs are released into solution. The metal sulfide nanoparticles are measured by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), and the concentrations of adenosine and thrombin are proportional to the signal of either metal ion. With the dual amplification of the bio‐barcoded AuNP and the preconcentration of metal ions through ASV technology, detection limits as low as 6.6×10?12 M for adenosine and 1.0×10?12 M for thrombin are achieved. The sensor exhibits excellent selectivity and detectability in biological samples.  相似文献   

16.
Li Y  Wu P  Xu H  Zhang Z  Zhong X 《Talanta》2011,84(2):508-512
For the widely used gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-based colorimetric probes, AuNPs generally change from dispersion to aggregation state accompanying with corresponding color turning from red to blue. Although colorimetric probes based on the anti-aggregation of AuNPs show exceptional selectivity and sensitivity, few examples have been reported in literature. A facile but highly sensitive and selective colorimetric probe based on the anti-aggregation of AuNPs transferred from the deactivation of aggregation agent 4,4′-dipyridyl by Hg2+ was developed in this work. This reported probe is suitable for real-time detection of Hg2+ in water with a detection limit of 3.0 ppb for Hg2+, and exhibits a selectivity toward Hg2+ by two orders of magnitude over other metal ions. The dynamic range of this probe can be conveniently tuned by adjusting the amount of 4,4′-dipyridyl used.  相似文献   

17.
This work was designed to develop an electrochemical sensor based on molecular imprinted polyaniline membranes onto reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode for dapsone (DDS) determination. The prepared RGO/AuNPs/PANI‐MIPs nanocomposite was characterized by Ultra‐Violet‐Visible (UV‐Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) images. The feature of the imprinted electrode was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and impedance spectroscopy (IS). Throughout this study several analytical parameters, such as incubation time, pH value, concentration of monomer/template molecules and electro‐polymerization cycles were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the experimental results showed best analytical performances for DDS detection with a sensitivity of 0.188 Ω/mol L?1, a linear range from 1.0×10?7 M to 1.0×10?3 M and a detection limit of 6.8×10?7 M. The bioanalytical sensor was applied to the determination of dapsone in real samples with high selectivity and recovery.  相似文献   

18.
By exploiting the electrostatic interaction between positively charged 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene cation radicals and negatively charged sulfonated graphene (SG) sheets, we prepared a poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐sulfonated graphene (SG‐PEDOT) composite film by a one‐step electrochemical process. The composite was further decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and employed as an electrode material for the detection of L ‐cysteine (Cys). The SG‐PEDOT composite film is shown to provide a rough surface for the electrodeposition of AuNPs and to improve substrate accessibility and interaction with Cys. Moreover, the AuNPs‐decorated composite exhibits better electrocatalytic performance than that of a SG‐PEDOT composite only. Under optimum experimental conditions, the amperometric current of the sensor is linearly related to the concentration of Cys in the 0.1 to 382 µM range, and the detection limit is 0.02 µM (at S/N=3). The modified electrode displays favorable selectivity, good stability and high reproducibility. The method was successfully applied to the detection of Cys in spiked human urine.  相似文献   

19.
In this paper, an electrochemical aptamer sensor was proposed for the highly sensitive detection of mercury ion (Hg2+). Carbon nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by electrospinning and high‐temperature carbonization, which was used for the loading of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) by the hydrothermal method. The Pt@CNF nanocomposite was modified on the surface of carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) to obtain Pt@CNF/CILE, which was further decorated by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through electrodeposition to get Au/Pt@CNF/CILE. Self‐assembling of the thiol‐based aptamer was further realized by the formation of Au‐S bond to get an electrochemical aptamer sensor (Aptamer/Au/Pt@CNF/CILE). Due to the specific binding of aptamer probe to Hg2+ with the formation of T‐Hg2+‐T structure, a highly sensitive quantitative detection of Hg2+ could be achieved by recording the changes of current signal after reacting with Hg2+ within the concentration range from 1.0 × 10?15 mol/L to 1.0 × 10?6 mol/L and the detection limit of 3.33 × 10?16 mol/L (3σ). Real water samples were successfully analyzed by this method.  相似文献   

20.
Although considerable effort has been devoted to the design of various nanoprobes for the fluorescent detection of multiple biomarkers in a single assay, they often suffer from emission‐overlapping, owing to small Stokes shifts and wide emission spectra, which results in cross‐talk and inaccurate quantification. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a new nanoprobe for multienzyme detection with completely resolved emission peaks under single‐wavelength excitation. The probe was assembled by attaching a cleavable peptide spacer, which was comprised from a matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) substrate and a MMP‐7 substrate, onto the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through cysteine residues. A lanthanide complex, BCTOT‐EuIII (BCTOT=1,10‐bis(5′‐chlorosulfo‐thiophene‐2′‐yl)‐4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7‐octafluorodecane‐1,3,8,10‐tetraone), and 7‐amino‐4‐methylcoumarin (AMC) were attached to the N terminus and the C terminus of the peptide, respectively. In the presence of one or both targeting enzymes, the substrate was cleaved and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the dyes and AuNPs was prohibited, thereby resulting in the dramatic fluorescence emission of dyes. Importantly, there was no emission cross‐talk between the two dyes, thereby ensuring accurate detection of each enzyme. Based on this, the simultaneous fluorescence image of MMP‐2 and MMP‐7 was accomplished in living cells under single wavelength excitation. The apparent differences in the fluorescence imaging indicated distinct differences between the expression levels of MMPs between the human normal liver cells and the human hepatoma cells.  相似文献   

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