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1.
A benzene‐1,3,5‐triaminyl radical fused with three ZnII‐porphyrins was synthesized through a three‐fold oxidative fusion reaction of 1,3,5‐tris(ZnII‐porphyrinylamino)benzene followed by oxidation with PbO2 as key steps. This triaminyl radical has been shown to possess a quartet ground state with a doublet–quartet energy gap of 3.1 kJ mol?1 by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) studies. Despite its high‐spin nature, this triradical is remarkably stable, which allows its separation and recrystallization under ambient conditions. Moreover, this triradical can be stored as a solid for more than one year without serious deterioration. The high stability of the triradical is attributed to effective spin delocalization over the porphyrin segments and steric protection at the nitrogen centers and the porphyrin meso positions.  相似文献   

2.
The scaffold geometries, stability and magnetic features of the (pyridine‐2‐yl)methanolate (L) supported wheel‐shaped transition‐metal complexes with compositions [M6L12] ( 1 ), [Na?(ML2)6]+ ( 2 ), and [M′?(ML2)6]2+ ( 3 ), in which M=CoII, NiII, CuII, and ZnII were investigated with density functional theory (DFT). The goals of this study are manifold: 1) To advance understanding of the magnetism in the synthesized compounds [Na?(ML2)6]+ and [M′?(ML2)6]2+ that were described in Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.­ 2010 , 49, 4443 ( I ‐{Na?Ni6}, I ‐{Ni′?Ni6}) and Dalton Trans.­ 2011 , 40, 10526 ( II ‐{Na?Co6}, II ‐{Co′?Co6}); 2) To disclose how the structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of 1 , 2 , and 3 change upon varying MII from d7 (Co2+) to d10 (Zn2+); 3) To estimate the influence of the Na+ and M′2+ ions (XQ+) occupying the central voids of 2 and 3 on the external and internal magnetic coupling interactions in these spin structures; 4) To assess the relative structural and electrochemical stabilities of 1 , 2 , and 3 . In particular, we focus here on the net spin polarization, the determination of the strength and the sign of the exchange coupling energies, the rationalization of the nature of the magnetic coupling, and the ground‐state structures of 1 , 2 , and 3 . Our study combines the broken symmetry DFT approach and the model Hamiltonian methodology implemented in the computational framework CONDON 2.0 for the modeling of molecular spin structures, to interpret magnetic susceptibility measurements of I ‐{Na?Ni6} and I ‐{Ni′?Ni6}. We illustrate that whereas the structures, stability and magnetism of 1 , 2 , and 3 are indeed influenced by the nature of 3d transition‐metals in the {M6} rims, the XQ+ ions in the inner cavities of 2 and 3 impact these properties to an even larger degree. As exemplified by I ‐{Ni′?Ni6}, such heptanuclear complexes exhibit ground‐state multiplets that cannot be described by simplistic model of spin‐up and spin‐down metal centers. Furthermore, we assess how future low‐temperature susceptibility measurements at high magnetic fields can augment the investigation of compound 3 with M=Co, Ni.  相似文献   

3.
The CoII and FeII complexes 1Co and 1Fe with a coordinated phosphorus radical were easily obtained through a charge‐transfer approach from the MI precursors LMI(tol) (M=Co, Fe; L=CH(MeC=NDipp)2, Dipp=2,6‐i Pr2C6H3) to the diazafluorenylidene‐substituted phosphaalkene 1 . Structural, magnetic, and computational studies on 1Co and 1Fe indicate a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the high‐spin MII ion and the phosphorus radical, resulting in a triplet and quartet ground state, respectively. Complexes 1Co and 1Fe are the first examples of phosphorus‐radical‐coordinated transition‐metal complexes synthesized by charge transfer, providing a new approach to access radicals of heavier main‐group elements.  相似文献   

4.
Square‐planar coordinate Ni2+ ions in oxides are exclusively limited to a low‐spin state (S=0) owing to extensive crystal field splitting. Layered oxychalcogenides A2NiIIO2Ag2Se2 (A=Sr, Ba) with the S=1 NiO2 square lattice are now reported. The structural analysis revealed that the Ni2+ ion is under‐bonded by a significant tensile strain from neighboring Ag2Se2 layers, leading to the reduction in crystal field splitting. Ba2NiO2Ag2Se2 exhibits a G‐type spin order at 130 K, indicating fairly strong in‐plane interactions. The high‐pressure synthesis employed here possibly assists the expansion of NiO2 square lattice by taking the advantage of the difference in compressibility in oxide and selenide layers.  相似文献   

5.
Stable meta‐ and para‐phenylene bridged porphyrin meso‐oxy radical dimers and their NiII and ZnII complexes were synthesized. All the dimers exhibited optical and electrochemical properties similar to the corresponding porphyrin meso‐oxy radical monomers, indicating small electronic interaction between the two spins. Intramolecular spin‐spin interaction through the π‐spacer was determined to be J/kB=?15.9 K for m‐phenylene bridged ZnII porphyrin dimer. The observed weak antiferromagnetic interaction has been attributed to less effective conjugation between the porphyrin radical and linking π‐spacer due to large dihedral angle. In the case of ZnII complexes, both para‐ and meta‐phenylene bridged dimers formed 1D‐chain in solutions and in the solid states through Zn‐O coordination.  相似文献   

6.
Square‐planar coordinate Ni2+ ions in oxides are exclusively limited to a low‐spin state (S=0) owing to extensive crystal field splitting. Layered oxychalcogenides A2NiIIO2Ag2Se2 (A=Sr, Ba) with the S=1 NiO2 square lattice are now reported. The structural analysis revealed that the Ni2+ ion is under‐bonded by a significant tensile strain from neighboring Ag2Se2 layers, leading to the reduction in crystal field splitting. Ba2NiO2Ag2Se2 exhibits a G‐type spin order at 130 K, indicating fairly strong in‐plane interactions. The high‐pressure synthesis employed here possibly assists the expansion of NiO2 square lattice by taking the advantage of the difference in compressibility in oxide and selenide layers.  相似文献   

7.
《化学:亚洲杂志》2018,13(19):2868-2880
The reaction of 3,7‐diacetyl‐1,3,7‐triaza‐5‐phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (DAPTA) with metal salts of CuII or NaI/NiII under mild conditions led to the oxidized phosphane derivative 3,7‐diacetyl‐1,3,7‐triaza‐5‐phosphabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane‐5‐oxide (DAPTA=O) and to the first examples of metal complexes based on the DAPTA=O ligand, that is, [CuII(μ‐CH3COO)2O‐DAPTA=O)]2 ( 1 ) and [Na(1κOO′;2κO‐DAPTA=O)(MeOH)]2(BPh4)2 ( 2 ). The catalytic activity of 1 was tested in the Henry reaction and for the aerobic 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐mediated oxidation of benzyl alcohol. Compound 1 was also evaluated as a model system for the catechol oxidase enzyme by using 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol as the substrate. The kinetic data fitted the Michaelis–Menten equation and enabled the obtainment of a rate constant for the catalytic reaction; this rate constant is among the highest obtained for this substrate with the use of dinuclear CuII complexes. DFT calculations discarded a bridging mode binding type of the substrate and suggested a mixed‐valence CuII/CuI complex intermediate, in which the spin electron density is mostly concentrated at one of the Cu atoms and at the organic ligand.  相似文献   

8.
A mononuclear FeII complex that shows a high‐spin (S=2) paramagnetic behavior at all temperatures (with standard temperature‐scan rates, ≈1 K min?1) has, in fact, a low‐spin (S=0) ground state below 100 K. This low‐spin state is not easily accessible due to the extremely slow dynamics of the spin‐crossover process—a full relaxation from the metastable high‐spin state to the low‐spin ground state takes more than 5 h below 80 K. Bidirectional photo‐switching of the FeII state is achieved reproducibly by two selective irradiations (at 530–590 and 830–850 nm). The slow dynamics of the spin‐crossover and the strong structural cooperativity result in a remarkably wide 95‐K hysteresis loop induced by both temperature and selected light stimuli.  相似文献   

9.
The amino substituted bidentate chelating ligand 2‐amino‐5‐(2‐pyridyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (H2 L ) was used to prepare 3:1‐type coordination compounds of iron(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II). In the iron(II) perchlorate complex [FeII(H2 L )3](ClO4)2·0.6MeOH·0.9H2O a 1:1 mixture of mer and fac isomers is present whereas [FeII(H2 L )3](BF4)2·MeOH·H2O, [CoII(H2 L )3](ClO4)2·2H2O and [NiII(H2 L )3](ClO4)2·MeOH·H2O feature merely mer derivatives. Moessbauer spectroscopy and variable temperature magnetic measurements revealed the [FeII(H2 L )3]2+ complex core to exist in the low‐spin state, whereas the [CoII(H2 L )3]2+ complex core resides in its high‐spin state, even at very low temperatures.  相似文献   

10.
Three iron(II) complexes, [Fe(TPMA)(BIM)](ClO4)2?0.5H2O ( 1 ), [Fe(TPMA)(XBIM)](ClO4)2 ( 2 ), and [Fe(TPMA)(XBBIM)](ClO4)2 ?0.75CH3OH ( 3 ), were prepared by reactions of FeII perchlorate and the corresponding ligands (TPMA=tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine, BIM=2,2′‐biimidazole, XBIM=1,1′‐(α,α′‐o‐xylyl)‐2,2′‐biimidazole, XBBIM=1,1′‐(α,α′‐o‐xylyl)‐2,2′‐bibenzimidazole). The compounds were investigated by a combination of X‐ray crystallography, magnetic and photomagnetic measurements, and Mössbauer and optical absorption spectroscopy. Complex 1 exhibits a gradual spin crossover (SCO) with T1/2=190 K, whereas 2 exhibits an abrupt SCO with approximately 7 K thermal hysteresis (T1/2=196 K on cooling and 203 K on heating). Complex 3 is in the high‐spin state in the 2–300 K range. The difference in the magnetic behavior was traced to differences between the inter‐ and intramolecular interactions in 1 and 2 . The crystal packing of 2 features a hierarchy of intermolecular interactions that result in increased cooperativity and abruptness of the spin transition. In 3 , steric repulsion between H atoms of one of the pyridyl substituents of TPMA and one of the benzene rings of XBBIM results in a strong distortion of the FeII coordination environment, which stabilizes the high‐spin state of the complex. Both 1 and 2 exhibit a photoinduced low‐spin to high‐spin transition (LIESST effect) at 5 K. The difference in the character of intermolecular interactions of 1 and 2 also manifests in the kinetics of the decay of the photoinduced high‐spin state. For 1 , the decay rate constant follows the single‐exponential law, whereas for 2 it is a stretched exponential, reflecting the hierarchical nature of intermolecular contacts. The structural parameters of the photoinduced high‐spin state at 50 K are similar to those determined for the high‐spin state at 295 K. This study shows that N‐alkylation of BIM has a negligible effect on the ligand field strength. Therefore, the combination of TPMA and BIM offers a promising ligand platform for the design of functionalized SCO complexes.  相似文献   

11.
A dinuclear CoII complex, [Co2(tphz)(tpy)2]n+ (n=4, 3 or 2; tphz: tetrapyridophenazine; tpy: terpyridine), has been assembled using the redox‐active and strongly complexing tphz bridging ligand. The magnetic properties of this complex can be tuned from spin‐crossover with T1/2≈470 K for the pristine compound (n=4) to single‐molecule magnet with an ST=5/2 spin ground state when once reduced (n=3) to finally a diamagnetic species when twice reduced (n=2). The two successive and reversible reductions are concomitant with an increase of the spin delocalization within the complex, promoting remarkably large magnetic exchange couplings and high‐spin species even at room temperature.  相似文献   

12.
A three‐dimensional polymeric NiII complex, [Ni(bpp)(NIP)(H2O)]n (bpp = 1,3‐di(4‐pyridyl)propane and NIP = 5‐nitroisophthalate), has been synthesized and characterized. The coordination number of the nickel atom is six (NiN2O4) and the coordination environment around the NiII atom may be described as a distorted octahedron in which two nitrogen atoms of “bpp” ligand occupy the cis positions. The effective magnetic moment for this complex indicate that the interactions between two NiII atoms through the effective exchange media are antiferromagnetic. Self‐assembly of these compounds in the solid state via π–π‐stacking interactions is discussed.  相似文献   

13.
The title compound, [Co(C29H29N5)2](NO3)2, contains a six‐coordinate high‐spin CoII ion with approximate local D2d symmetry. The bond lengths and angles at cobalt undergo only small changes between the two temperatures, which confirms that the CoII ion does not undergo a spin‐state transition over this temperature range.  相似文献   

14.
Radical anion salts of metal‐containing and metal‐free phthalocyanines [MPc(3?)].?, where M=CuII, NiII, H2, SnII, PbII, TiIVO, and VIVO ( 1 – 10 ) with tetraalkylammonium cations have been obtained as single crystals by phthalocyanine reduction with sodium fluorenone ketyl. Their formation is accompanied by the Pc ligand reduction and affects the molecular structure of metal phthalocyanine radical anions as well as their optical and magnetic properties. Radical anions are characterized by the alternation of short and long C?Nimine bonds in the Pc ligand owing to the disruption of its aromaticity. Salts 1 – 10 show new bands at 833–1041 nm in the NIR range, whereas the Q‐ and Soret bands are blue‐shifted by 0.13–0.25 eV (38‐92 nm) and 0.04–0.07 eV (4–13 nm), respectively. Radical anions with NiII, SnII, PbII, and TiIVO have S=1/2 spin state, whereas [CuIIPc(3?)].? and [VIVOPc(3?)].? containing paramagnetic CuII and VIVO have two S=1/2 spins per radical anion. Central metal atoms strongly affect EPR spectra of phthalocyanine radical anions. Instead of narrow EPR signals characteristic of metal‐free phthalocyanine radical anions [H2Pc(3?)].? (linewidth of 0.08–0.24 mT), broad EPR signals are manifested (linewidth of 2–70 mT) with g‐factors and linewidths that are strongly temperature‐dependent. Salt 11 containing the [NaIPc(2?)]? anions as well as previously studied [FeIPc(2?)]? and [CoIPc(2?)]? anions that are formed without reduction of the Pc ligand do not show changes in molecular structure or optical and magnetic properties characteristic of [MPc(3?)].? in 1 – 10 .  相似文献   

15.
A dinuclear CoII complex, [Co2(tphz)(tpy)2]n+ (n=4, 3 or 2; tphz: tetrapyridophenazine; tpy: terpyridine), has been assembled using the redox‐active and strongly complexing tphz bridging ligand. The magnetic properties of this complex can be tuned from spin‐crossover with T1/2≈470 K for the pristine compound (n=4) to single‐molecule magnet with an ST=5/2 spin ground state when once reduced (n=3) to finally a diamagnetic species when twice reduced (n=2). The two successive and reversible reductions are concomitant with an increase of the spin delocalization within the complex, promoting remarkably large magnetic exchange couplings and high‐spin species even at room temperature.  相似文献   

16.
A series of d‐block metal complexes of the recently reported coordinating neutral radical ligand 1‐phenyl‐3‐(pyrid‐2‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐benzotriazin‐4‐yl ( 1 ) was synthesized. The investigated systems contain the benzotriazinyl radical 1 coordinated to a divalent metal cation, MnII, FeII, CoII, or NiII, with 1,1,1,5,5,5‐hexafluoroacetylacetonato (hfac) as the auxiliary ligand of choice. The synthesized complexes were fully characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and electronic structure calculations. The complexes [Mn( 1 )(hfac)2] and [Fe( 1 )(hfac)2] displayed antiferromagnetic coupling between the unpaired electrons of the ligand and the metal cation, whereas the interaction was found to be ferromagnetic in the analogous NiII complex [Ni( 1 )(hfac)2]. The magnetic properties of the complex [Co( 1 )(hfac)2] were difficult to interpret owing to significant spin–orbit coupling inherent to octahedral high‐spin CoII metal ion. As a whole, the reported data clearly demonstrated the favorable coordinating properties of the radical 1 , which, together with its stability and structural tunability, make it an excellent new building block for establishing more complex metal–radical architectures with interesting magnetic properties.  相似文献   

17.
The preparation and properties of fourteen novel paramagnetic [NiIIx] aggregates bridged by pivalate, pyrazolinolate and in most cases hydroxide are reported. A rich structural diversity has been achieved by changing the nature of the alkali of the base used during the synthesis, leading to the nuclearities [NiII4NaI4] ( 2, 3, 4 ), [NiII5NaI4] ( 5, 6, 7 ), [NiII5LiI6] ( 8 ), [NiII8MI2] (M=K ( 9, 10 ), Rb ( 11, 12 ), Cs ( 13, 14 ) and [NiII8] ( 15 ). All compounds have been characterised by single‐crystal Xray diffraction; however, full crystallographic details are given only for the representative molecules [Ni4Na4(fpo)4(piv)8(Hpiv)8] ( 2 ), [Ni5Na4(OH)2(mpo)4(piv)8(Hpiv)2(MeCN)2] ( 5 ), [Ni5Li6(OH)2(fpo)2(piv)12(Hpiv)4] ( 8 ), [Ni8K2(OH)4(ppo)4(piv)10(Hppo)2(Hpiv)2(MeCN)2] ( 9 ), [Ni8Rb2(OH)4(ppo)4(piv)10(Hppo)2(Hpiv)2(MeCN)2] ( 11 ), [Ni8Cs2(OH)4(ppo)4(piv)10(Hppo)2(Hpiv)2(MeCN)2] ( 13 ) and [Ni8(OH)4(mpo)2(PhCH2CO2)10(Hmpo)8] ( 15 ). Variable‐temperature bulk magnetisation measurements have been performed for each type of complex. The [NiII4NaI4] clusters show intramolecular antiferromagnetic coupling and a spin ground state of S=0. Complexes of the type [NiII5NaI4] also display antiferromagnetic superexchange, leading to an S=1 spin ground state. The molecule with nuclearity [NiII5LiI6], in contrast, exhibits ferromagnetic interactions, resulting in the presence of low energy states with high multiplicity, and a spin ground state S>1. The [NiII8MI2] and [NiII8] clusters have the same topology of spin carriers, which display predominantly antiferromagnetic interactions to yield a diamagnetic ground state. The coupling within these octanuclear NiII clusters is rationalised in terms of the nature of the Ni‐O‐Ni angles within the core.  相似文献   

18.
para‐Phenylene‐bridged spirobi(triarylamine) dimer 2 , in which π conjugation through four redox‐active triarylamine subunits is partially segregated by the unique perpendicular conformation, was prepared and characterized by structural, electrochemical, and spectroscopic methods. Quantum chemical calculations (DFT and CASSCF) predicted that the frontier molecular orbitals of 2 are virtually fourfold degenerate, so that the oxidized states of 2 can give intriguing electronic and magnetic properties. In fact, the continuous‐wave ESR spectroscopy of radical cation 2 .+ showed that the unpaired electron was trapped in the inner two redox‐active dianisylamine subunits, and moreover was fully delocalized over them. Magnetic susceptibility measurements and pulsed ESR spectroscopy of the isolated salts of 2 , which can be prepared by treatment with SbCl5, revealed that the generated tetracation 2 4+ decomposed mainly into a mixture of 1) a decomposed tetra(radical cation) consisting of a tri(radical cation) moiety and a trianisylamine radical cation moiety (≈75 %) and 2) a diamagnetic quinoid dication in a tetraanisyl‐p‐phenylendiamine moiety and two trianisylamine radical cation moieties (≈25 %). Furthermore, the spin‐quartet state of the tri(radical cation) moiety in the decomposed tetra(radical cation) was found to be in the ground state lying 30 cal mol?1 below the competing spin‐doublet state.  相似文献   

19.
A mononuclear FeII complex, prepared with a Brønsted diacid ligand, H2L (H2L=2‐[5‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐yl] 6‐benzimidazole pyridine), shows switchable physical properties and was isolated in five different electronic states. The spin crossover (SCO) complex, [FeII(H2L)2](BF4)2 ( 1A ), exhibits abrupt spin transition at T1/2=258 K, and treatment with base yields a deprotonated analogue [FeII(HL)2] ( 1B ), which shows gradual SCO above 350 K. A range of FeIII analogues were also characterized. [FeIII(HL)(H2L)](BF4)Cl ( 1C ) has an S=5/2 spin state, while the deprotonated complexes [FeIII(L)(HL)], ( 1D ), and (TEA)[FeIII(L)2], ( 1E ) exist in the low‐spin S=1/2 state. The electronic properties of the five complexes were fully characterized and we demonstrate in situ switching between multiple states in both solution and the solid‐state. The versatility of this simple mononuclear system illustrates how proton donor/acceptor ligands can vastly increase the range of accessible states in switchable molecular devices.  相似文献   

20.
Co‐crystallization of a cationic FeII complex with a partially charged TCNQ.δ? (7,7′,8,8′‐tetracyanoquinodimethane) radical anion has afforded molecular materials that behave as narrow band‐gap semiconductors, [Fe(tpma)(xbim)](X)(TCNQ)1.5?DMF (X=ClO4? or BF4?; tpma=tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine, xbim=1,1′‐(α,α′‐o‐xylyl)‐2,2′‐bisimidazole). Remarkably, these complexes also exhibit temperature‐and light‐driven spin crossover at the FeII center, and are thus the first structurally defined magnetically bistable semiconductors assembled with the TCNQ.δ? radical anion. Transport measurements reveal the conductivity of 0.2 S cm?1 at 300 K, with the low activation energy of 0.11 eV.  相似文献   

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