SHPB实验中粘弹性试件内部应力波的传播

建立描述SHPB实验中线性粘弹性试件内部应力波传播的控制方程组,根据试件两端与入射杆及透射杆接触的应力波特征关系给出耦合边界条件.对方程组和定解条件进行Laplace变换,求得试件内部应力在变换域像函数的表达式.采用数值反变换技术进行反Laplace变换,获得试件两端的应力时程曲线.对现有的固定Tal-bot反变换算法进行改进:将入射波像函数分解为基本部分和延迟部分,利用固定Talbot算法对基本部分入射波作用下的波动问题求解,其他部分的解通过延迟定理得到,最终解为两部分的叠加.采用这种改进算法得到的不同入射波下粘弹性试件的内部应力解与传统的基于特征线数值模拟方法的结果吻合.在此基础上探讨了粘弹性试件的几何参数和材料本构参数对透射波波形的影响.     

Laplace变换法研究SHPB实验中试件的黏弹性波传播问题

对分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB) 实验中试件的黏弹性波传播的控制方程组进行Laplace 变换,并结合恰当的初始-边界条件求解,得到变换域的应力、速度、应变等变量的像函数的精确表达式. 采用该方法处理SHPB 实验中涉及黏弹性试件内部应力非均匀性问题,并给出数值反变换解. 作为特例,对于弹性试件分别采用级数展开法和留数定理进行反Laplace 变换,从而给出弹性夹层介质中应力波传播问题的解析解.      

USING LAPLACE TRANSFORM TO SOLVE THE VISCOELASTIC WAVE PROBLEMS IN THE SHPB EXPERIMENTS

对分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB) 实验中试件的黏弹性波传播的控制方程组进行Laplace 变换,并结合恰当的初始-边界条件求解,得到变换域的应力、速度、应变等变量的像函数的精确表达式. 采用该方法处理SHPB 实验中涉及黏弹性试件内部应力非均匀性问题,并给出数值反变换解. 作为特例,对于弹性试件分别采用级数展开法和留数定理进行反Laplace 变换,从而给出弹性夹层介质中应力波传播问题的解析解.     

瞬态波在层合板中传播的粘弹比拟法

本文发展了粘弹比拟理论,并将之用于求解半无限空间三层复合材料在垂直层合方向传播的瞬态波问题。对于层合板中应力波的传播问题,寻找到了一等效粘弹体,并用一种较好的Laplace变换的数值反演法求得了等效松弛函数和其它一些必要的辅助函数。用特征线法求得了等效粘弹体的应力和速度,进而得到了三层复合材料中心的应力、速度,进一步就得到了层中任意点的应力和速度。对于一个可由精确理论(射线理论)给出计算结果的问题,将粘弹比拟理论的结果和射线理论的结果进行了比较,结果表明,粘弹比拟理论对三层复合材料的瞬态波传播问题是相当成功的。     

无网格方法在平面粘弹性力学问题中的应用

本文综合应用无网格方法(EFGM)、线性粘弹性与弹性力学之间的对应原理,Laplace变换和逆变换等方法求解了拟静态平面弹性和粘弹性力学问题。首先,利用Laplace变换和逆变换推导了平面问题的粘弹性本构关系,建立了拟静态粘弹性平面问题的边值问题;其次,利用粘弹性与弹性力学之间的对应原理得到了Laplace变换域中平面问题的基本方程,在Laplace变换域中建立了相应的泛函,并得到了用无网格方法离散的控制方程;同时,求解了几个拟静态弹性和粘弹性平面问题,给出了它们的表达式和数值结果;最后,采用Laplace逆变换和数值逆变换,得到了粘弹性力学平面问题在物理空间中的解,并比较了由解析解和无网格数值方法所得到的数值结果,可以看到它们是非常吻合的。说明本文方法的正确性和有效性。     

平面粘弹性问题的辛求解方法

将弹性力学辛对偶求解方法与Laplace变换相结合,提出了一个求解粘弹性平面问题的新方法。首先利用Laplace变换,将粘弹性平面问题转化为一个准弹性问题,在辛弹性力学的框架下,利用分离变量和辛本征展开法对其进行求解,然后由逆变换得到原问题的解。为证明方法的有效性,求解分析了矩形域平面粘弹性圣维南问题,得到了令人满意的结果。     

考虑损伤的粘弹性梁的纯弯曲

根据粘弹性损伤理论,分析了带损伤粘弹性矩形梁在受纯弯曲时损伤对应力的影响,得到了在Laplace变换域内损伤场和应力场的分布．利用Laplace数值逆变换,分别得到了损伤弹性梁和损伤粘弹性梁的最大应力和最大损伤值,分析了材料的粘性对梁内应力和损伤的影响。     

考虑损伤时带微孔粘弹性体的应力分布

本文根据粘弹性理论和带空沿材料的线性理论，利用Laplace变换及其逆变换，给出了粘弹性损伤材料的一种本构模型。应用这种本构关系。讨论了带损伤的圆环形板或圆筒体在内外压力作用下的平面问题，得到了圆孔边缘附近的应力场和损伤增量场的分布情况，同时根据Laplace变换的终值定理，得到圆环或圆筒的终态应力和损伤增量的分布，并分析了工程中的一个典型的例子。得到了最终损伤的一种近似分布。可为工程设计提供一定的参考。     

应用自洽方法预测沥青混合料的蠕变行为

将沥青混合料看作是由沥青砂和粗骨料组成的两相复合材料,提出了应用自洽方法预测沥青混合料粘弹性性能的一般思路.采用四参量流变模型描述沥青砂的粘弹性能,通过 Laplace 变换将时间域的粘弹性问题转化为变换域的线弹性问题,然后经 Laplace 逆变换将变换域的解转化到时间域.利用不同温度、不同应力水平下沥青砂的单轴压缩蠕变实验,拟合四参量流变模型参数,预测了沥青混合料在不同温度和不同应力水平下的蠕变曲线,并与实验结果进行了比较,发现蠕变的早期阶段预测值与实验值基本符合.最后进一步分析了温度、应力水平对沥青混合料蠕变行为的影响.     

多相粘弹性结构的动力响应边界元分析

本文研究了二维多相材料结构的动力响应边界单元法。多相结构的每个子结构的材料特性可以是粘弹性的或线弹性的。应用Laplace变换和加权残数法,对每个子结构可以建立起在Laplace区域中的边界积分方程式,不同材料相的结合面上的连续条件引起了一个分块带状的总体刚度系数矩阵,再应用改进的Durbin数值反演技术可将在Laplace区域中的数值解变换到时间区域中。最后,给出了几个数值计算实例。     

线黏弹性球面发散应力波的频率响应特性

基于线黏弹性球面波Laplace域的理论解, 得到了不同传播距离处粒子速度、粒子位移、应力、应变等力学量的传递函数。以标准线性固体模型为例, 重点讨论了粒子速度频率响应函数的传播特征, 指出随着传播距离的增加, 粒子速度幅频响应函数的高频响应会低于低频响应, 而在理想弹性条件下, 粒子速度幅频响应函数的高频响应一直高于低频响应。以弹性半径为0.025 m的空腔爆炸为例, 采用Laplace数值逆变换方法对粒子速度波形的演化进行了分析, 给出了粒子速度强间断幅值及粒子速度峰值随传播距离变化的衰减规律曲线, 指出黏弹性介质中粒子速度幅值的衰减曲线介于理想弹性介质中粒子速度幅值衰减曲线和黏弹性介质中粒子速度强间断幅值衰减曲线之间。     

A Numerical Method for Wave Propagation in Viscoelastic Stratified Porous Media

This paper presents a numerical method, a transmission matrix method, for the wave propagation in viscoelastic stratified saturated porous media. The wave propagation in saturated media, based on Biot theory, is a coupled problem. In this stratified three-dimensional model we do the Laplace transform for the time variable and the Fourier transform for the horizontal space coordinate. The original problem is transformed into ordinary differential equations with six independent unknown variables, which are only the function of the coordinate of depth. Thus, we get a transmission matrix of the wave problem for each layer. In the process of solution we use numerical method to calculate the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors of the transmission matrices. In the first step of the solution process we can obtain the wave field in the transformed space. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) method is used to do the inverse Laplace and the inverse Fourier transforms to get the solution in the time space. The detailed formulae are derived and some numerical examples are given.     

A spherical wave in a viscoelastic half-space

The propagation of spherical waves in an isotropie elastic medium has been studied sufficiently completely (see, e.g., [1–4]). it is proved [5, 6] that in imperfect solid media, the formation and propagation of waves similar to waves in elastic media are possible. With the use of asymptotic transform inversion methods in [7] a problem of an internal point source in a viscoelastic medium was investigated. The problem of an explosion in rocks in a half-space was considered in [8]. A numerical Laplace transform inversion, proposed by Bellman, is presented in [9] for the study of the action of an explosive pulse on the surface of a spherical cavity in a viscoelastic medium of Voigt type. In the present study we investigate the propagation of a spherical wave formed from the action of a pulsed load on the internal surface of a spherical cavity in a viscoelastic half-space. The potentials of the waves propagating in the medium are constructed in the form of series in special functions. In order to realize viscoelasticity we use a correspondence method [10]. The transform inversion is carried out by means of a representation of the potentials in integral form and subsequent use of asymptotic methods for their calculation. Thus, it becomes possible to investigate the behavior of a medium near the wave fronts. The radial stress is calculated on the surface of the cavity.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 1, pp. 139–146, March–April, 1976.     

A wave propagation problem for non-uniform screw dislocation motion in a viscoelastic half-plane

The wave propagation problem for a largely arbitrary anti-plane displacement discontinuity imposed along a line perpendicular to the surface of a stress-free linearly viscoelastic half-plane is considered. The general Laplace transform solution is obtained and then inverted for the case of a screw dislocation moving at an arbitrary speed in a Maxwell material. It is shown that the material viscoelasticity alters the coefficient of the dislocation edge stress singularity and damps the surface displacements from the elastic values. The surface damping increases with time, distance from the dislocation path and dislocation speed, whether sub- or supersonic.     

Dynamic linear viscoelasticity problems for piecewise homogeneous bodies

We consider problems on transient wave processes in linearly viscoelastic piecewise homogeneous bodies in the case of small strains, a bounded perturbation propagation domain, and bounded creep of the materials forming the homogeneous components of the bodies. We study problems related to the construction of solutions of such problems by the method of Laplace integral transform with respect to time and the subsequent inversion. We state assertions about the properties of Laplace transforms of the solutions, which simplify the process of determining the original functions. We also consider relations of correspondence between relaxation kernels that belong to different function classes but still affect transient wave processes in a similar way.     

Nonstationary dynamic problems of nonlinear viscoelasticity

Dynamic problems describing transient wave processes in linearly viscoelastic solids are considered for bounded domains of perturbation propagation and bounded creep of the material. The integral Laplace transform with respect to time is applied to the original problem, and several statements about the properties of Laplace transforms simplifying the construction of the original functions are stated. Relations establishing a correspondence between relaxation kernels that belong to various function classes but nevertheless affect the transient processes in a similar way are proposed. The results justifying these relations in a certain range of the input data are presented.     

黏弹性固体中地下爆炸辐射地震波能量的演化

地下爆炸与介质的能量耦合和介质中的波传播机制是理解地下爆炸源物理的重要基础。为研究地下爆炸辐射地震波能量的传播衰减规律,分析了黏弹性介质中地下爆炸地震波能量的组成。基于无限介质中黏弹性球面波理论,给出了速度、位移、应力、应变等物理量Laplace域的理论解。利用Laplace数值逆求解方法,建立了黏弹性介质中地下爆炸辐射地震波场的计算方法。以干黄土作为典型黏弹性材料,计算给出了地震波能量的传播特征,分析了地下爆炸辐射能量的传播衰减规律。结果表明:（1）在黏弹性介质中,某球面处流入的能量随半径增加而逐渐降低。在理想弹性介质中,某球面处流入的能量在几倍弹性半径外即可稳定到某一定值;（2）在某一固定的有限观测区域内,当观测时间足够长时,势能和耗散能均趋于某一定值,辐射动能趋于零;（3）当有限的观测区域能容纳一个完整波长的地震波时,地震波辐射动能的稳态值随波传播距离的增大而减小,总体上可以用指数函数和幂函数进行分段拟合。