固溶体α－（Fe_（1－x）Sb_x）_2O_3（0≤x≤0．2）气敏材料

用化学共沉淀法在ａ－Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３，中掺入锑离子，Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）分析证实，锑离子可固溶于ｎ型半导体ａ－Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３中形成ａ－（Ｆｅ＿１－ｘＳｂ＿ｘ）＿２Ｏ＿３（０《ｘ《０．２）固溶体。由于锑离子（Ｓｂ￣５＋）部分取代ａ－Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３晶格中Ｆｅ￣３＋的格位，使得该系列材料的电导值增大一个数量级以上，气敏性能明显改善。     

稀土改性钛酸铅微粉的水热合成及其性能研究

用水热法合成了几种稀土（Ｌａ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ）和锰掺杂改性的钛酸铅（ＰｂＴｉＯ３，简称ＰＴ）陶瓷微粉，研究了掺Ｌａ和Ｍｎ的ＰＴ固溶体的四方（铁电）相与立方（顺电）相之间的相变，掺杂Ｌａ（ｘ（Ｌａ）＝０．０４）和Ｍｎ（ｙ（Ｍｎ）＝０．０１）的ＰＴ固溶体的居里温度大约为４００℃，测定了稀土掺杂量（ｘ＝０．０４～０．０８）与其压电性能之间的关系，随Ｌａ掺杂量的增加，ＰＴ固溶体的ｄ３３增大，ｇ３３     

Ba1-xSrxMyTi1-yO3(M=Zr, Sn)纳米材料的软化学合成、结构与介电特性

用软化学方法,在１００℃以下合成了一系列Ｂａ_(１－ｘ)Ｓｒ_ｘＭ_ｙＴｉ_(１－ｙ)Ｏ_３固溶体纳米粉末（Ｍ＝Ｚｒ,Ｓｎ,０ ≤ｘ≤０．４,０≤ｙ≤０．３）,经ＸＲＤ物相分析和ｄ－间距－组成图证明,产品为立方晶系的完全互溶取代固溶体,结果符合Ｖｅｇａｒｄ定律．ＴＥＭ形貌观察,粒子为均匀球形,平均粒径７０ｎｍ．通过制陶实验,分别测定了该系列固溶体的室温介电常数以及介电常数随温度的变化．结果发现,用软化学方法在ＢａＴｉＯ_３中掺入适量锶和锆或锡,由于掺杂离子均匀进入母体晶格,引起Ｔｃ降低,介电性能改善显著．当ｘ＝０．２,ｙ＝０．１时,室温介电常数达 １１ ０００,比 ＢａＴｉＯ_３纯相提高 ８倍,而介电损失却下降 ３倍．     

纳米微晶Y_2Sn_(2-x)FexO_(7-δ)的制备及其催化选择性能研究

采用共沉淀并加法制备了Ｂ位掺杂烧绿石型稀土复合氧化物纳米微晶Ｙ２Ｓｎ２－ｘＦｅｘＯ７－δ（ｘ＝００～１０）。制备的纳米微晶属于立方晶系，Ｆｄ３ｍ，晶胞参数与掺杂量呈线性关系。通过Ｍｓｂａｕｅｒ、ＴＧＤＴＡ，气相色谱和γ射线辐照等技术研究了纳米微晶对ＣＯ的催化选择性能。结果表明，纳米微晶对ＣＯ的催化选择性明显高于一般粉料对ＣＯ的选择性；纳米微晶对ＣＯ的选择性与掺杂量有关；未辐照的纳米微晶，当掺杂量ｘ＝０６时，其对ＣＯ的选择性为最高，辐照后的纳米微晶，当掺杂量ｘ＝０４时，其对ＣＯ的选择性为最高     

微量元素与体内自由基反应的多元分析

食管癌患者体内环境与正常人的差异,表现在体内自由基反应的相关因子的含量不同,选取有关的生化指标作统计学分析,结果显示：（１）单相关分析有统计学意义的指标是Ｃｕ,Ｃｄ,Ｓｅ,Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ,ＭＤＡ,ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ,Ｚｎ／Ｃｄ;（２）逐步回归分析,建立回归方程：ｙ＝３．９８９０＋２．２３９９ｘ（Ｃｕ）－２２．４９ｘ（Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ）－０．０５０３ｘ（ＭＤＡ）－０．４３３５ｘ（Ｃｄ）。以此方程作两值     

纳米级Li2+xGdxSi1+xO3的溶胶—凝胶法合成及离子导电性研究

以 无机盐 和金属 醇 盐为 前 驱 物, 用 溶 胶—凝 胶 法 制 备了 Ｌｉ２ ＋ ｘ Ｇｄ ｘ Ｓｉ１ ＋ ｘ Ｏ３（ ｘ ＝ ０ ～０ ．１ ５） ,用 Ｄ Ｔ Ａ、 Ｔ Ｇ、 Ｘ Ｒ Ｄ、 Ｔ Ｅ Ｍ 及交 流阻谱等 技术对样 品的结 构、形 貌、粒 径及 离子 导电 性等 进行掺杂量 观察和 测试．结果 表明：其 固溶体形 成的掺 杂量范围 是０ ＜ ｘ ≤０ ．０９ ,在 掺杂 量范 围内, 样品电导率 随掺杂 量增加而 增高;粉 末样品的 平均粒 径为 ８０ ｎ ｍ ;与 传统 的固 相合 成 方法 相比 ,该 法可使样品 的生成 温度降低 ,离子导 电性得到 提高．     

La—Cu—Mn系钙钛矿型（ABO3）催化剂性能

采用共沉淀法制得了Ｃｕ２＋部分取代Ｌａ３＋的Ｌａ１－ｘＣｕｘＭｎＯ３钙钛矿型催化剂，通过ＸＲＤ、ＴＰＲ、电镜分析及活性评价，研究了Ｃｕ２＋的部分取代对Ｌａ１－ｘＣｕｘＭｎＯ３系催化剂性能的影响．结果表明，Ｃｕ２＋部分取代Ｌａ３＋后，使催化剂易被还原，活化能降低，对ＣＨ４、ＣＯ氧化反应，均有最佳取代量使催化剂的活性最佳，其值分别为０．２和０．４，这是由于随ｘ值的增大，催化剂晶格缺陷增多，晶格氧的化学势增大的缘故     

Sm_2O_3－CeO_2－CUO三元系固线下相关系及电子型超导体Sm_（2－x

用Ｘ射线衍射法测定了Ｓｍ２Ｏ３－ＣｅＯ２－ＣｕＯ三元系固线下相关系，样品是在空气气氛１０００℃烧结的。该体系含有一个三元固溶体Ｓｍ２－ｘＣｅｘＣｕＯ４－ｙ，２个三相共存区和３个两相共存区，测定了Ｓｍ２－ｘ·ＣｅｘＣｕＯ４－ｙ固溶体的固溶限（ｘ＝０．２０），氧含量和超导电性，讨论了晶体结构和氧含量对超导电性的影响。     

溶胶-凝胶法合成超细Li2+xRExSi1-xO3及其离子导电性

用溶胶－凝胶法合成了Ｌｉ２＋ｘＲＥｘＳｉ１－ｘＯ３（ＲＥ＝Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｇｄ；ｘ＝０～０．１５），用ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ，ＸＲＤ，ＴＥＭ及交流阻抗等技术对样品的结构、形貌、粒径及离子导电性等进行了观察和测试。基固淮体形成范围是０〈ｘ≥０．０９；平均粒径为１００ｎｍ；在固溶体范围内，样品电导率随掺 增加而增高；与传统的固相反应合成方法相比，该法可使样品的生成温度降低，离子导电性提高。     

Ag/La0.6Sr0.4MnO3基催化剂上CH3OH和CO的完全氧化

合成了Ａｇ／Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３、Ａｇ／Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３／γ－ＡＩ２Ｏ３两毓催化剂,发现钙钛矿型Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３对低浓度ＣＨ３ＯＨ或ＣＯ的完全氧化显示出相当高的催化活性,适量Ａｇ对钙钛矿型Ｌａ０．６Ｓ５０．４ＭｎＯ３基质的修使其对ＣＨ３ＯＨ或ＣＯ完全氧化催化活性获明显提高;在６％Ａｇ／２０％Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３／γ－ＡＩ２Ｏ３催化剂 ,ＣＨ３ＯＨ完全氧化的Ｔ     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.