纳米隧道结的量子电容现象

利用STM针尖和二维Au纳米团簇构造的双隧道结,通过对单电子隧穿谱的测量,研究了纳米隧道结的电容随隧道结宽度的变化,发现电容随结宽度的变化偏离了经典电容的行为,为纳米隧道结的量子电容效应提供了实验证据.     

纳米隧道结的量子电容现象

利用STM针尖和二维Au纳米团簇构造的双隧道结，通过对单电子隧穿谱的测量，研究了纳米隧道结的电容随隧道结宽度的变化，发现电容随结宽度的变化偏离了经典电容的行为，为纳米隧道结的量子电容效应提供了实验证据。     

Au/Au同质结的高压水热合成及其光学性能研究

本文通过水热法合成了Au和Au/Au同质结纳米粒子,并用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外可见吸收(UV-vis)光谱对所合成的单分散Au纳米粒子和Au/Au同质结纳米粒子进行了表征。我们的研究发现,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)在Au/Au同质结纳米粒子的合成中起着非常重要的作用,改变CTAB的加入量,Au纳米粒子由单分散Au纳米粒子变成Au/Au同质结纳米粒子。     

He离子注入的尖晶石中Au纳米颗粒的合成研究

利用20 keV的He离子注入表面蒸镀了Au薄膜的尖晶石（MgAl2O4）样品, 随后对注入样品进行了退火处理。 在紫外可见光谱上观察到了由于金属纳米颗粒的存在而引起的较强的表面等离子体共振吸收峰, 提供了材料中金属纳米颗粒形成的光谱证据。 并对形成的Au纳米颗粒的尺寸随退火温度以及He注入剂量的变化进行了研究。 Spinel deposited with a thin Au film was implanted with helium ions, and annealed in vacuum condition subsequently. The surface Plasmon resonance absorbance peak due to the existence of metallic nanoparticles in the dielectric matrix was observed on the Ultraviolet Visible Spectrometry, indicating the formation of metallic nanoparticles in spinel. The dependence of Au particles size with annealing temperature and implantation doses was also investigated.     

异质结线性吸收谱中的等离激元效应

将染料分子与半导体表面所组成的异质结与金属纳米粒子的耦合系统作为研究对象,考虑分子的振动态,在偶极-偶极近似下研究其线性吸收谱及相关的电荷转移动力学过程. 对金属纳米粒子作用下吸收谱变宽及相关的电子转移增强过程作了仔细的分析和讨论,理论分析了金属钠米粒子的表面等离激元对异质结中超快电子转移的影响. 关键词： 金属纳米粒子 等离激元 异质结电荷转移     

金属纳米薄膜在石墨基底表面的动力学演化

采用分子动力学方法研究了金属Au和Pt纳米薄膜在石墨(烯)基底表面的动力学演化过程,探讨了金属薄膜和石墨(烯)基底间的相互作用对金属纳米薄膜在固态基底表面的去湿以及脱附的动力学演化的影响.研究结果表明,在高温下,相同层数的Au和Pt纳米薄膜在单层石墨基底表面上存在不同的去湿现象,主要表现为厚度较小的Pt纳米薄膜在去湿过程中有纳米空洞形成,而同样厚度的Au薄膜在去湿过程中没有形成空洞.Au和Pt两种金属薄膜在高温下都去湿形成纳米液滴,这些液滴最终都以一定的速度脱离基底.在模拟的薄膜厚度范围内(0.2—2.3 nm),Au和Pt纳米液滴脱离基底的速度随厚度增加表现出不同的变化规律.Pt纳米液滴的脱离速度随薄膜初始厚度的增加先增加后减少,而Au脱离速度随厚度的增加先减少,达到一个临界厚度后脱离速度突然迅速增加.利用薄膜与基底间相互作用的不同导致去湿过程中的黏滞耗散不同,定性分析了这种变化规律的原因.此外,进一步研究还发现金属液滴的脱离时间与薄膜厚度和模拟温度的依赖关系,发现脱离时间随薄膜厚度的增加而增加,随模拟温度的升高而减小.这些研究结果可以为金属镀膜、浮选、表面清洁、器件表面去湿等工业生产过程提供理论指导.     

Au纳米颗粒和CdTe量子点复合体系发光增强和猝灭效应

利用金属蒸发真空多弧离子源注入机, 将Au离子注入到高纯石英玻璃来制备镶嵌有Au 纳米颗粒的衬底材料, 随后将化学方法合成的CdTe量子点旋涂在玻璃衬底上制备了Au纳米颗粒和CdTe量子点复合体系. 通过对镶嵌有Au纳米颗粒的衬底进行热退火处理来控制Au纳米颗粒的生长和分布, 系统研究了Au纳米颗粒的局域表面等离子体共振对CdTe量子点光致发光性能的影响. 利用光学吸收谱、原子力显微镜、透射电子显微镜和光致发光谱对样品进行了表征和测试. 光致发光谱表明, Au纳米颗粒的局域表面等离子体对CdTe量子点的发光有增强效应也有猝灭效应. 深入分析了Au纳米颗粒和CdTe量子点之间的相互作用过程, 提出了关于Au-CdTe 纳米复合体系中CdTe 发光增强和猝灭的新机理. 该实验结果为利用金属纳米颗粒表面等离子体技术制备高发光性能的光电子器件提供了较好的参考.     

含有五边形—七边形缺陷的单壁纳米碳管的输运性质研究

运用第一性原理的密度泛函理论结合非平衡格林函数研究了含有五边形—七边形拓扑缺陷的纳米碳管异质结的输运性质.结果发现：拓扑缺陷对碳管的输运性质有很大影响；另外，不同类型的碳管形成的异质结的输运性质也有明显的差异. 关键词： 纳米碳管 输运性质 异质结 透射系数     

惰性气体离子注入铝镁尖晶石合成金属纳米颗粒的探索

实验在表面蒸镀了金属(Cu,Au)薄膜的尖晶石(MgAl₂O₄)样品中注入惰性气体离子(Ar,He),随后对注入样品进行了退火处理.在紫外可见光谱上观察到了由于金属纳米颗粒存在引起的较强的表面等离子体共振吸收峰,提供了材料中金属纳米颗粒形成的证据.采用这种方法在材料中引入金属纳米颗粒,发现影响金属纳米颗粒形成的因素除了退火温度外,金属薄膜厚度的影响不可忽略. 关键词： 金属纳米颗粒 离子注入 惰性气体离子 紫外可见光谱     

Cu2O-Au复合结构的制备及其在SERS中的应用

表面等离激元催化反应为表面过程的拓展提供了一条新的途径,但在单一贵金属表面的反应效率往往较低,因此发展符合纳米结构已经成为该领域的研究热点。通过合成八面体的氧化亚铜(Cu₂O),并引入高均匀性和高SERS活性的金纳米粒子单层膜(Au MLF),将两者完全结合,构建了Cu₂O-Au复合异质结SERS基底。以对硝基苯硫酚(PNTP)为探针,通过表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)研究了Cu₂O-Au表面等离激元驱动的偶联反应。结果表明,Cu₂O与Au MLF的复合,其SERS性能及催化活性都得到了较大的提升,为发展高性能的新型复合纳米结构提供了实验基础。     

Ordered arrangement of 9-aminoanthracene on Au(1 1 1) surfaces: A scanning tunneling microscopy study

We present a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) investigation of 9-aminoanthracene (AA) on the reconstructed Au(1 1 1) surface. The bare Au(1 1 1) surface shows the herringbone reconstruction which is conserved upon deposition of the organic molecules. Most of the AA molecules are found to decorate the regions of fcc-stacking of the gold surface where a periodic linear arrangement is observed. The orientation of the long molecule axis of individual molecules is along the -directions of the Au substrate. In addition, for individual domains of the surface reconstruction, one of the three possible orientations is preferred. On substrate areas which exhibit a high step density, the steps are completely decorated by AA molecules. A detailed analysis of the STM images reveals that the molecules are located on top terrace levels. The fine structure of individual molecules on the terrace shows a clear dependence on the tunneling voltage and resembles the molecular orbitals of the free AA molecule.     

Reversible photomechanical switching of individual engineered molecules at a metallic surface

We have observed reversible light-induced mechanical switching for individual organic molecules bound to a metal surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was used to image the features of individual azobenzene molecules on Au(111) before and after reversibly cycling their mechanical structure between trans and cis states using light. Azobenzene molecules were engineered to increase their surface photomechanical activity by attaching varying numbers of tert-butyl (TB) ligands ("legs") to the azobenzene phenyl rings. STM images show that increasing the number of TB legs "lifts" the azobenzene molecules from the substrate, thereby increasing molecular photomechanical activity by decreasing molecule-surface coupling.     

利用扫描隧道显微镜表征和操纵单分子

扫描隧道显微镜（STM）提供给我们一种表征单分子的局域物理和化学特性的特殊方法，甚至还能帮助我们操纵单分子以构造分子尺度的新型器件。本文中我们采用了两种新型STM技术分别来表征封装在富勒烯笼里面的金属原子和构造一种具有较强Kondo效应的分子器件。空间dI/dV映像谱被用来探索单个Dy@C82分子中能量分辨的金属-笼杂化态，揭示了有关Dy原子在碳笼中的空间位置和Dy-碳笼之间相互作用的重要信息。我们也通过控制STM针尖诱导的高电压脉冲来诱导CoPc分子的边缘脱氢化，从而改变了这个分子在Au(111)表面的吸附构型，导致吸附在Au表面的完整CoPc分子所不具备的Kondo效应产生。     

Structure and thermal stability of the Au(334) surface and Au(111) thin films in air: A scanning tunneling microscopy study

A Au(334) surface cleaned and annealed under ultra-high vacuum conditions was examined in air using a scanning tunneling microscope. The STM images reveal a smooth surface with a plateau structure. On top of the plateaus parallel rows of monatomic height steps can be observed. Annealing this surface in air to around 600 ° C results in segregation of impurities that form surface oxides. STM examination of this air annealed surface shows a structure where the plateaus have developed into large (111) facets. These facets are atomically smooth except for some steps near the edges. Au(111) films on mica, examined in air, were found to be atomically smooth over thousands of ångströms, with the surface having occasional monatomic height steps. Several transient effects encountered in STM imaging in air are discussed.     

Prospects of Utilizing Quantum Emitters to Control the Absorption of Non-Noble Plasmonic Metal Nanoparticles

Prospects of controlling the absorption of the cost-effective plasmonic metal nanoparticles (MNPs) Cu and Al using quantum emitters (QEs) are demonstrated semi-analytically. The resulting spectra are compared with the absorption of commonly used noble plasmonic metal nanoparticles Au and Ag under similar conditions. It is observed that Cu and Au based plasmonic nanoparticles exhibit largely similar exciton–plasmon Fano interaction signatures in addition to their similar spectral regions of operation (lower end of the visible range). Furthermore, the QE-enhanced maximum absorption (Fano maximum) of Cu based nanohybrids are seen to approach the maximum absorption level of isolated Au MNPs, with decreasing QE-Cu separation, increasing QE dipole element magnitude, and increasing medium permittivity, in the parameter region considered. This renders Cu based exciton–plasmon nanohybrids as more economical alternatives for Au MNPs and Au-based nanohybrids in absorption-based applications (such as thermoplasmonic), when stabilized in protective embedding media such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).     

Photon emission from adsorbed C60 molecules with sub-nanometer lateral resolution

We present the first experimental demonstration of spatially resolved photon emission of individual molecules on a surface. A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was used as a local electron source to excite photon emission from hexagonal arrays of C₆₀ molecules on Au(110) surfaces. Specifically, we show that in maps of photon emission intensities, C₆₀ fullerenes appear as arrays of individual light emitters 4 Å in diameter and separated by 10 Å. Comparison with simultaneously recorded STM images reveals, that most intense emission is detected when the STM tip is centered above a molecule. The results demonstrate the highest spatial resolution of light emission to date using a scanning probe technique.     

Direct observation of an ordered step surface reconstruction on Au(111) by scanning tunneling microscopy

Experiments with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) are reported which include the first surface topographic images of Au(111), cleaned and annealed in ultrahigh vacuum. The STM system used for this work includes in situ sample manipulation for sample cleaning, annealing and characterization. Topographs with very large atomically flat (111) regions are obtained and no corrugation on the scale of about 0.1 Å is observed. Some single atomic steps are observed. Surprisingly, ordered arrays of single steps are observed over a large region. These represent a type of surface reconstruction whose repeat period agrees with values derived from previous LEED, TEM and ion scattering measurements. These results represent the first critical information about the surface topography of the Au(111) surface.     

Gold-adatom-mediated bonding in self-assembled short-chain alkanethiolate species on the Au(111) surface

Microscopic evidence for Au-adatom-induced self-assembly of alkanethiolate species on the Au(111) surface is presented. Based on STM measurements and density-functional theory calculations, a new model for the low-coverage self-assembled monolayer of alkanethiolate on the Au(111) surface is developed, which involves the adsorbate complexes incorporating Au adatoms. It is also concluded that the Au(111) herringbone reconstruction is lifted by the alkanethiolate self-assembly because the reconstructed surface layer provides reactive Au adatoms that drive self-assembly.     

Two-dimensional nanoscale self-assembly on a gold surface by spinodal decomposition

The structure formation upon spinodal decomposition of a two-dimensional model system, a Au adatom gas on a Au(111) surface, was observed in situ by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). A thermodynamically unstable state was prepared by applying microsecond voltage pulses to the STM tip in an electrochemical system, causing the random dissolution of Au atoms from the uppermost monolayer. Interconnected, labyrinthine island patterns were formed at Au coverages between 0.4 and 0.9 monolayer with dominating length scales lambda(m) of the order of a few nanometers.     

Deposition and fabrication of alkanethiolate gold nanocluster films on TiO2(1 1 0) and the effects of plasma etching

Deposition and fabrication of films of Au nanoclusters protected by alkanethiolate ligands are attempted on a TiO₂(1 1 0) surface and the structures of films are observed by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Effects of oxygen and hydrogen-plasma etching in addition to UV irradiation on the structure and chemical composition of the films are also investigated by using STM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Alkanethiolate Au nanoclusters are produced using a modified Brust synthesis method and their LB films are dip-coated on TiO₂(1 1 0). Alkanethiolate Au nanoclusters are weakly bound to the substrate and can be manipulated with an STM tip. Net-like structures of alkanethiolate Au nanoclusters are formed by a strong blast of air. Oxygen-plasma etching removes alkanethiolate ligands and simultaneously oxidizes Au clusters. At room temperature, prolonged oxygen-plasma etching causes agglomeration of Au nanoclusters. UV irradiation removes ligands partly, which makes Au nanoclusters less mobile. The net-like structure of alkanethiolate Au clusters produced by a blast of air is retained after oxygen and hydrogen-plasma etching.