共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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半导体光催化技术利用太阳能在室温下将有机污染物氧化成H2O,CO2或无机离子等,无二次污染,具有传统的高温、常规催化技术及吸附技术无法比拟的优势。目前,存在3个关键的技术难题制约着TiO2光催化剂大规模的工业应用:(1)量子效率低;(2)太阳能利用率低;(3)保持高活性并将其均匀负载比较困难。因此,研究者在TiO2改性方面做了大量的研究工作。 相似文献
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Mn2+/H2O2光催化体系对染料甲基橙、茜素红、结晶紫的降解研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了锰与过氧化氢组成的催化体系在二氧化钛、光的作用下与染料甲基橙、茜素红、结晶紫的脱色和降解反应,结果表明,Mn^2 /H2O2体系在pH8-9,二氧化钛存在下,用日光和紫外光分别照射时对三种染料的脱色和降解作用明显,脱色率达到80%以上。还研究了Mn^2 /TiO2/H2O2/UV(紫外光)体系的动力学,为动力学一级反应。 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO纳米粒子,采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等手段对样品进行了表征;以纳米氧化锌作为光催化剂,利用300W高压汞灯为光源对甲基橙溶液进行光催化实验。实验结果表明:以汞灯为光源,纳米ZnO为催化剂对甲基橙溶液进行光催化时,纳米ZnO的最佳投加量为0.1020g。 相似文献
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介绍了在近代物理实验中开设偶氮染料甲基橙掺杂PVA薄膜的光致双折射特性实验.实验结果表明样品的光致双折射反应程度和激发光功率成正比例关系;在激发光功率一定的情况下,当激发光偏振方向与探测光偏振方向夹角为45°时样品的光致双折射反应程度达到最大. 相似文献
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金属离子对纳米TiO2悬浊液的光催化性能影响的光谱研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以钛氧有机物为前驱体,利用微乳液法制备了纳米TiO2微晶。用X射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FTIR)等测试技术对产物进行了表征,并就纳米TiO2悬浊液中加入金属离子后光催化降解甲基橙溶液进行了初步的研究。光谱分析表明,纳米TiO2悬浊液中加入Bi3 离子后对甲基橙溶液的光催化降解有很大的促进作用,Bi3 与TiO2质量比为1∶8及TiO2的浓度为1.6g·L-1时光催化活性最佳。 相似文献
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甲基橙和乙基橙结构高度相似,双组分体系中甲基橙和乙基橙浓度的分析比较困难。本文研究了双组分染料体系中甲基橙(MO)和乙基橙(EO)浓度的分光光度测定方法,研究结果表明,在λ=429.00和469.50 nm,pH 12的条件下,采用双波长分光光度法可以快速、准确测定体系中MO和EO的浓度,并考察了溶液中共存Na+和Cl-对测定的影响。线性相关方程为:A429=0.003 47+0.061 cM+0.056 46 cE;A469.50=0.002 8+0.074 37 cM+0.083 94 cE,加标回收率基本大于95%,相对标准偏差小于2%。NaCl的加入对该方法的加标回收率和相对标准偏差影响较小。 相似文献
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微波促进含铬废渣催化H2O2降解甲基橙溶液研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
偶氮染料废水中含有铬等重金属和偶氮类难降解有机物,使废水的色度大、可生物降解性低,从而形成了难处理的复合污染废水.文章研究了微波辐射下铬渣催化氧化降解甲基橙溶液中COD去除率和脱色率,探索了微波功率、微波辐射时间、pH值、铬渣用量、H2O2浓度、甲基橙浓度等对降解性能的影响,并测定了甲基橙溶液处理前后的紫外-可见光谱图.微波促进铬渣催化甲基橙溶液脱色是羟基自由基破坏偶氮键结构.有机废水中的某些过渡金属离子可作为高级氧化技术处理有机污染物降解中的催化剂,可减少化学处理药剂的使用量,降低复合污染废水的处理成本.铬渣中溶解性铬离子与H2O2形成类Fenton体系,产生羟基自由基(·OH)矿化甲基橙.利用微波加热的热效应和非热效应,能大大促进有机物的矿化速率.微波辐射能提高催化过程中H2O2的利用效率,减少氧化剂的使用量.酸性条件有利于类Fenton试剂产生羟基自由基.在微波频率2 450 MHz、微波功率700 W、微波辐射时间3 min、pH值为3、铬与H2O2的摩尔浓度比为1:56.8的实验条件下,降解1 000 mg·L-1的甲基橙溶液,其脱色率和COD去除率分别达到88%和85%. 相似文献
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Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by a sol-gel method for the first time. XRD, XPS, UV-vis and FS techniques were used to characterize the Cu-doped ZnO samples. The photocatalytic activity was tested for methyl orange degradation under UV irradiation. The results show that the crystal sizes of ZnO and 0.5% Cu/ZnO nanoparticles with wurtzite phase are 32.0 and 28.5 nm, indicating that Cu-doping hinder the growth of crystal grains. The doped Cu element existed as Cu2+. The optimal Cu doping concentration in ZnO is 0.5%. The optimal calcination condition is at 350 °C for 3 h. The MO degradation rate of 0.5% Cu/ZnO reaches 88.0% when initial concentration of MO is 20 mg/L, exceeding that of undoped ZnO. The enhanced charge carrier separation and increased surface hydroxyl groups due to Cu-doping contributed to the enhanced photocatalytic activity of 0.5% Cu/ZnO. 相似文献
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Ammala A. Hill A.J. Meakin P. Pas S.J. Turney T.W. 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(1-2):167-174
Coated and dispersed nanoparticulate zinc oxide is shown to improve ultra violet (UV) stability of polypropylene and high-density polyethylene without changing its characteristic absorption spectrum in the visible region (400–800-nm). The performance of these nanoparticulate UV stabilizers is compared to conventional hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS). QUV accelerated weathering is used to simulate long-term exposure. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) is used to provide an indication of physical and chemical changes due to accelerated weathering and is shown to have potential for detecting changes well before other techniques. Visual observation, optical microscopy, carbonyl index, yellowness index and PALS indicate that nanoparticulate zinc oxide gives superior resistance to UV degradation compared to organic HALS at appropriate loading levels. 相似文献
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Nitrogen and ferrum co-doped titania photocatalyst was prepared by the sol-gel route. The prepared photocatalyst was characterized by various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis diffusive reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The photocatalytic activity of the co-doped titania photocatalyst was evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solution under visible light irradiation and was compared with that of the commercial TiO2 photocatalyst (Degussa P25). The results revealed that the nitrogen doping could lead to the response to visible light and that the ferrum doping could improve the photocatalytic performance. The effects of the component and the annealing temperature of the co-doped titania photocatalyst on the photocatalytic activity were investigated. 相似文献
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采用紫外和荧光光谱法研究羟基葫芦[6]脲(HOCB6)与甲基橙(MO)之间的包结作用,考察了溶液的pH值、常见有机溶剂和表面活性剂等对该包结物的形成及荧光强度的影响。实验结果表明,随着主体分子的加入,MO荧光增强且蓝移,说明客体被纳入主体分子的疏水性穴腔,形成内包结物。主客体分子之间主要通过疏水作用形成1∶1型的HOCB6-MO包结物,其包结常数为1.41×102 L·mol-1。同时采用葫芦[6]脲(CB6)、对-二甲氨甲基杯[8]芳烃和β-环糊精与MO的作用进行比较。研究发现,MO也能与葫芦[6]脲形成1∶1型的内包结物,但包结常数较小(34.65 L·mol-1);与β-环糊精形成1∶2型的内包结物,其包结常数为6.14×106 L2·mol-2;与对-二甲氨甲基杯[8]芳烃形成1∶1型的外包结物,导致荧光强烈猝灭,包结常数为1.35×104 L·mol-1。 相似文献