改进型迈克耳孙干涉仪

采用分光梭镜代替迈克耳孙干涉仪中的分束镜和补偿板，不仅消除了杂散光斑，且简化了仪器的结构．     

Double-grating interferometer with a one-to-one correspondence with a Michelson interferometer

We describe a double-grating interferometer that has a one-to-one correspondence with a Michelson interferometer. The half spatial periods of the gratings are equivalent to the wavelengths of the interferometer. The widths of the interference fringes can be changed easily. The intensity distribution of the interference pattern is independent of the wavelength of the light source used. The surface profile of an object can be measured because two interference beams can coincide precisely on the image plane of the object. The measuring range is much larger than that of a Michelson interferometer.     

In-fiber integrated Michelson interferometer

A novel fiber-optic in-fiber integrated Michelson interferometer has been proposed and demonstrated. It consists of a segment of two-core fiber with a mirrored fiber end. The sensing characteristics based on the two-core fiber bending, corresponding to the shift of the phase of the two-core in-fiber integrated Michelson interferometer, are investigated.     

A double-passed Michelson interferometer

A method is described for double-passing a Michelson interferometer to obtain immunity to tilting of the mirror. Such an instrument is of interest for length and distance measurement.     

基于迈克耳孙干涉仪的自相关仪

根据大学物理光学中迈克耳孙干涉仪的基本原理,设计实现了基于迈克耳孙干涉仪的自相关仪.分析了利用自相关仪的干涉自相关进行超短激光脉冲测量的原理;进行了实验测试,实现了对超短激光脉冲时间宽度的测量.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪的数字化设计

使用硅光电晶体三极管作为光干涉条纹传感器,采用变间隙动极板电容传感器代替传统微距测量的设计方案,利用单片机对干涉条纹进行计数并自动测量反射镜的微小位移,实现了迈克耳孙干涉仪的数字化测量.制作了检测系统及电路,完成系统的软件设计.He-Ne激光波长的测量实验结果表明,采用该方案能够缩短测量时间,提高测量精度.     

高灵敏度的量子迈克耳孙干涉仪

迈克耳孙干涉仪不仅可以用来研究物理学的基本问题,而且能够用于精密测量,比如引力波信号的测量.因此,构建高灵敏度的迈克耳孙干涉仪是实现微弱信号测量的关键.目前,人们利用压缩态可以降低迈克耳孙干涉仪的噪声;通过光学四波混频过程能够放大马赫·曾德尔干涉仪中的相位信号,从而提高干涉仪的信噪比和灵敏度.本文研究了一种用于高灵敏度相位测量的量子迈克耳孙干涉仪.在迈克耳孙干涉仪中,利用非简并光学参量放大器取代干涉仪中的线性光学分束器;并且将压缩态注入干涉仪的真空通道,可以得到高信噪比和高灵敏度的干涉仪.由于存在不可避免的光学损耗,分析了迈克耳孙干涉仪内部和外部的损耗对相位测量灵敏度的影响.通过理论计算研究了干涉仪的相位测量灵敏度随系统参数的变化关系,得到了高灵敏度的相位测量量子迈克耳孙干涉仪的实现条件,为用于精密测量的干涉仪的设计提供了直接参考.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪实验的误差探讨

根据迈克耳孙干涉仪的机械结构,分析了仪器误差的5个分量,确定了迈克耳孙干涉仪的仪器误差,分析了迈克耳孙干涉仪由于调节不当而产生的误差,提出了减小这类误差的方法,分析了振动对光波波长测量的影响,设计出了一种简易防震台,能明显减小震动的影响.     

Enhanced phase-shifting measurement with a double-passed Michelson interferometer

Optical Review - A double-passed Michelson interferometer for enhanced phase-shifting measurement is described in this paper. Two interference signals concerning measurement and reference beams are...     

A Michelson interferometer using electron waves

An electron interferometer of the Michelson type is realized. Monoenergetic 25 keV electrons emitted from a line source 1000 Å in width are deflected by 90 ° in a magnetic Castaing prism and reflected on two mirrorsM ₁ andM ₂ held at a potential ΔU _m negative with respect to the cathode. In the experiment the mirrors are represented by height differences on the surface of an silvered glass plate. The reflected electrons are once more deflected by the magnetic prism behind which the coherent partial beams 1 and 2 reflected on the mirrorsM ₁ andM ₂, respectively, are superimposed using an electrostatic biprism to form two-beam interferences. The observed fringe shift indicates a phase shift due to differences in height between the equipotentials reflecting the partial beams 1 and 2. It is estimated that path differences less than the electron wavelength of 0.08 Å can be observed.     

基于数字全息技术的迈克尔逊干涉仪设计与应用

传统的迈克尔逊干涉仪只能简单地呈现光的干涉图像,并不能生动体现光的波动特性及其形貌特征,且测量过程繁琐。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于数字全息技术的新型迈克尔逊干涉仪实验装置。该装置采用2个CCD相机代替传统迈克尔逊干涉仪中的平面反射镜,并引入与球面光相干的平面参考光与球面光发生干涉,利用数字全息技术直接获取2个CCD记录面上的球面光复振幅信息,然后通过最小二乘拟合获取球面波参数,并对球面光复振幅进行解调得到居中后的球面光复振幅,最后通过数字干涉的方法实现两球面光的干涉。实验结果表明,该装置能实时生动地显示入射球面光的三维图像和两球面光的干涉图像,同时根据拟合得到的参数能便捷地测量透明等厚介质的折射率,实验中测量了3种不同材料的折射率,其误差均能控制在±5%以内,有较高的测量精度。     

A Michelson interferometer for astronomical applications

A Michelson interferometer is described which is suitable for absolute flux measurements in the far-infrared. We discuss the problems related to the calibration of the instrument, the evaluation of its efficiency, and the mathematical filtering of the interferograms.     

应用迈克耳孙干涉仪研究压电陶瓷的特性

简述了应用迈克耳孙干涉仪测量压电陶瓷压电常量的原理及实验结果分析.简单介绍了研究压电陶瓷振动特性的方法.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪产生特殊干涉条纹的原因

推导了迈克耳孙干涉仪分光镜放反的情况下光程的表达式,解释了出现椭圆干涉条纹或双曲线条纹的原因.     

基于线阵CCD的迈克耳孙干涉仪条纹计数器

通过CCD图像传感器对光干涉信号进行捕捉与采集,并将捕捉信号送至ARM微控制器,利用芯片内部的A/D转换单元将模拟信号转换成数字信号,然后对数字信号进行分析、变换、测量处理,将干涉图像、干涉环变换方向及计数结果显示在液晶屏上,该方法消除了人工记录干涉圆环数目时因疲劳而产生的计数误差,提高了测量精度.     

Quantum interference of multimode two-photon pairs with a Michelson interferometer

We perform the second-order quantum interference experiment with the multimode photon pairs produced via an optical parametric oscillator far below threshold in a Michelson interferometer, measure the second-order correlation function in different cases. We find when the interferometer is highly unbalanced, the shape of the second-order correlation function is clearly dependent on the path length difference between two interfering beams. On the contrary, when the interferometer is nearly balanced, beside its height, the shape of the second-order correlation function is independent on the small path length difference. The second-order correlation function shows a multipeaked structure in both cases. All experimental results agree very well with the theoretical predictions.     

迈克耳孙干涉条纹细分和计数

当两相干光附加一按固定频率变化的相位差时,其干涉条纹的光强将随之交变,即为相位调制干涉,用相敏检波等电信号处理手段,可实现这种干涉条纹高精度、高稳定性的计数和细分。     

迈克耳孙干涉仪应用功能的扩展

通过对迈克耳孙干涉仪的简易改装,实现了光速测量、透明固体和液体的折射率测量、金属丝弹性模量测量以及多普勒效应的演示,拓展了迈克耳孙干涉仪的应用功能.     

基于光纤Michelson干涉仪的钻孔应变传感器

钻孔应变测量是观察地壳应力状态和变化,研究分析应变异常与地质灾害之间关系的主要手段。提出了一种基于光纤Michelson干涉仪的钻孔应变传感器,将钻孔应变转换成测量臂光纤的长度变化,并通过参考臂光纤补偿温度与环境的影响。实验结果表明,其精度为117nm,同时具备有很大的提升空间。该传感器耐高温高压,抗电磁干扰,抗雷击,可应用于野外观测站。     

基于LabVIEW机器视觉的迈克耳孙干涉仪实验

基于机器视觉设计了迈克耳孙干涉仪实验,采用机器视觉技术替代人眼对目标(干涉圆环)进行分析与测量,可有效避免因视觉疲劳而造成的测量错误.