Kinetics of long-lived luminescence of eosin in Langmuir-Blodgett films

The spectral and kinetic properties of photoluminescence of mixed Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of eosin decyl ether and palmitic acid on a solid substrate are studied. The electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra of the films are identical to the spectra of the dye in ethanol. An increase in the dye concentration in a monolayer results in the appearance of a dimer absorption band, quenching of fluorescence of monomers, and the red shift of the spectral bands. At 90 K, the distinct phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence bands of LB films were observed. The decay kinetics of phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence is nonexponential. It is shown that the decay curve of delayed fluorescence is determined by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) and T ₁→S₁ triplet-singlet intersystem crossing (IS). The initial nonexponential phosphorescence decay is caused the dominant contribution of TTA to the decay of triplet molecules. The experimental data are interpreted based on the mechanisms of exchange-resonance and inductive-resonance annihilation.     

Langmuir-Blodgett 膜中分子聚集行为的偶极作用模型

基于经典静电场理论，描述了Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)膜中棒状分子聚集行为的偶极作用模型，给出了LB膜结构与光谱性质的关系. 讨论了X型或Z型膜中分子间距、层间距、分子取向、膜层数等结构参数对分子聚集行为的影响. 理论结果与实验值符合较好. 关键词： Langmuir-Blodgett膜 聚集体 偶极相互作用 半花菁     

Kinetics of photoreactions in a regular porous nanostructure with cylindrical cells filled with activator-containing macromolecules

The kinetics of a two-stage laser-induced reaction between electronically excited molecules of two sorts (an organic luminophore and oxygen) in a regular porous nanostructure whose cells are filled with linear macromolecules is studied. A mathematical model of the process is proposed that takes into account an inhomogeneous distribution of polymer chain links in a nanopore, with this distribution determining the radial profile of reagents. One version of the theory considers a radial diffusion flux of activated oxygen molecules, while the other version considers a thermodiffusion flux of unexcited molecules. The numerical results of the model are compared to the data of molecular dynamic calculations and experiment.     

Interactions of metal ions with monolayers and with Langmuir-Blodgett films

Summary Oriented systems such as monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers constitute supramolecular structures appropriate for ion detection. In fact, they are sensitive to small quantities of ions since they have specifically oriented ligand head groups that can easily combine with the ions to be detected in solution. We investigated monolayers of dioctadecyldithiocarbamate (DODTC) specificially synthesized and we studied the interactions of the monolayers with transition metal ions such as Ni²⁺ dissolved in the subphase. The spreading isotherms, the surface potential-area isotherms and the spectroscopic measurements (UV-Vis absorption and ESCA spectroscopy) show that the metal ions can combine with the DODTC monolayers. The present findings show that it is possible to employ these systems to build chemical sensors for transition metal ions Paper presented at the I International Conference on Scaling Concepts and Complex Fluids, Copanello, Italy, July 4–8, 1994.     

Surface transitions in nematic liquid crystals oriented with Langmuir-Blodgett films

In this paper two types of surface transitions in nematic liquid crystals are theoretically analyzed with a simple model in which the anchoring energy is the result of both steric and electric interactions. The physical model is proper to explain both the transition temperature experimentally observed in homeotropically aligned nematic liquid crystals, and the change in the mean molecular direction due to the variation of the number of surfactant films, piled on the boundary surfaces with the Langmuir-Blodgett technique.Partially supported by the TEMPUS program     

Liquid-crystal alignment of phthalocyanine-derived Langmuir-Blodgett films

Twisted nematic liquid crystals were uniformly aligned on Phthalocyanine (Pc)-derived Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. By scanning tunneling microscopy imaging, it was found that the Pc-LB film has a well-ordered in-plane column-like structure oriented in the dipping direction, based on which the alignment mechanisms are discussed.     

Glass transition of Langmuir-Blodgett polymer films

The dielectric dispersion of vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer P(VDF/TrFE) (70/30) films obtained by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique was investigated in the low-temperature range from 20 to −100°C. The thickness of the explored films was 40 nm. A glass-transition range from −25 to −40°C was detected; this indicates the presence of an amorphous phase in the LB films.     

Dielectric dispersion in Langmuir-Blodgett ferroelectric polymer films

The dynamic permittivity of vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (70:30) copolymer films is measured over wide ranges of frequencies and temperatures. It is revealed that 15-to 45-nm-thick Langmuir-Blodgett films of the vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer undergo a Debye-type dielectric relaxation. The relaxation time τ increases as the temperature increases and the ferroelectric phase transition is approached. This effect is interpreted as a result of critical slowing down. The influence of gamma irradiation on the dielectric response of Langmuir-Blodgett films consisting of 10 and 30 monolayers is investigated.     

Photo-induced structural disorder in Langmuir-Blodgett films of polydiacetylenes

Molecular vibration spectra were measured on Langmuir-Blodgett films of polydiacetylene, PDA-(12, 8), by the grazing-incidence reflection method. Structural disorders in the side-group conformation were found to occur at photo-induced phase-transition in the polymer backbone structure.     

Langmuir-Blodgett膜摩擦分子动力学模拟和机理研究

采用分子动力学方法,模拟了在两块石英基板上由脂肪酸(C₁₅H₃₁COOH)组成的单层Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)膜间的摩擦特性,探究了超薄膜在滑动过程中的摩擦和结构机理.得出对于单层LB膜在滑动过程中,在速度小于60m/s时,随着速度的增大,其剪切压增大;在速度大于60 m/s时,剪切压随速度的增加而减小.其链的倾斜角随着滑动速度的增加而减小.单层膜内的分子之间以氢键方式形成了较大的分子簇,由此导致了剪切压呈现较长的周期性,但在单层膜之间无氢键形 关键词： 分子动力学模拟 朗缪尔布洛杰特膜 纳米摩擦 氢键     

Dielectric dispersion of ultrathin polymer Langmuir-Blodgett films

Dielectric dispersion is studied in films made of vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF/TrFE)], which are obtained by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique in the temperature range from −90 to +132°C. The thickness of the films studied is ∼7 nm. A glass transition is observed in the temperature range from −40 to −50°C; this indicates the presence of an amorphous phase in the ultrathin Langmuir-Blodgett films.     

Langmuir-Blodgett films of hydrophobins HFBI and HFBII

Hydrophobins are small fungal proteins, which have remarkable surface-chemical properties. They self-assemble at hydrophobic/hydrophilic interfaces and work as adhesive agents and coatings. Sixteen layer Langmuir-Blodgett films of hydrophobins HFBI and HFBII from the fungus Trichoderma reesei were prepared and studied using grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction and reflectivity techniques. Both kind of films contain hexagonally ordered crystallites on the substrate with unit cell parameters of a = b = 54 Å (HFBI) and a = b = 55 Å (HFBII). The structure is similar to the structure of monolayer Langmuir-Blodgett films.     

AFM studies on Langmuir-Blodgett films of cholesterol

The Langmuir monolayer of cholesterol at the air-water interface exhibits a condensed phase in which the cholesterol molecules are aligned normal to the water surface. We have transferred the monolayer from water surface to different substrates by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique and have studied their assembly by atomic force microscope (AFM). Our studies reveal that the aggregation of cholesterol molecules on hydrophobic surfaces leads to interesting structures. The cholesterol molecules assemble into a uniform film, elongated domains and uniformly distributed torus-shaped domains (doughnuts) for one, two and four cycles of deposition, respectively. Beyond four cycles, the molecules adsorb and desorb by an equal amount resulting in no further deposition. The formation of uniformly distributed doughnuts can be attributed to the hydrophobic interaction and reorganization of the molecules due to successive adsorption and desorption during deposition cycles. Our studies on hydrophilic surfaces show that cholesterol cannot form more than one layer of deposition.PACS: 68.47.Pe Langmuir-Blodgett films on solids; polymers on surfaces; biological molecules on surfaces - 68.37.Ps Atomic force microscopy (AFM) - 68.43.Mn Adsorption/desorption kinetics     

紫膜LB膜中的光学相位共轭研究

首次报道了在纯紫膜LB膜中实现光学相位共轭输出的实验现象,并在理论上从简化的菌紫质分子光循环模出发,导出了共轭光强度与总入射光强度之间的关系,最后用拟合方法求得这种紫膜LB膜的饱和吸收强度为0.49W/cm~2,bR分子处于中间体M(410)上的寿命为2.5ms左右.     

Ferroelectric phase transition in Langmuir-Blodgett films of copper phthalocyanine

A ferroelectric phase transition is observed in Langmuir-Blodgett films prepared from substituted copper phthalocyanine molecules. The linear and nonlinear dielectric properties of the films and the switching of their spontaneous polarization are investigated in the temperature range of the phase transition. The observed features can be explained by the Landau-Ginzburg model of a first-order phase transition. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 70, No. 9, 625–631 (10 November 1999)     

Fundamental studies of molecular depth profiling and 3D imaging using Langmuir-Blodgett films as a model

Molecular depth profiling and three-dimensional imaging using cluster projectiles and SIMS have become a prominent tool for organic and biological materials characterization. To further explore the fundamental features of cluster bombardment of organic materials, especially depth resolution and differential sputtering, we have developed a reproducible and robust model system consisting of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) multilayer films. Molecular depth profiles were acquired, using a 40-keV C₆₀⁺ probe, with LB films chemically alternating between barium arachidate and barium dimyristoyl phosphatidate. The chemical structures were successfully resolved as a function of depth. The molecular ion signals were better preserved when the experiment was performed under cryogenic conditions than at room temperature. A novel method was used to convert the scale of fluence into depth which facilitated quantitative measurement of the interface width. Furthermore, the LB films were imaged as a function of depth. The reconstruction of the SIMS images correctly represented the original chemical structure of the film. It also provided useful information about interface mixing and edge effects during sputtering.     

Local field anisotropy in Langmuir-Blodgett films of cadmium arachidate

Lorentz tensor and local field tensor components for uniaxial Langmuir-Blodgett films of cadmium arachidate from 3 to 100 nm thick on silver, polymethyl methacrylate, and glass substrates have been experimentally determined using the data on the film refractive index dispersion in the visible range. The constraints from below on the mean value and anisotropy of the molecular polarizability caused by the intermolecular interactions in the film have been established.     

Electrophysical properties of MIS structures with nanodimensional β-cyclodextrin Langmuir-Blodgett films

Mixed cyclodextrin-phenanthrene monolayers at the water-air interface are studied. The formation conditions for Langmuir-Blodgett films on single-crystalline substrates are found. Aluminum/Langmuir-Blodgett film/single-crystal n-Si structures are obtained, and their properties are investigated by taking current-voltage and lux-ampere characteristics. The deposition conditions of the Langmuir-Blodgett film and its thickness are shown to influence the electrophysical and photoelectric properties of the heterostructures.