通过交替生长气氛调控N掺杂ZnO薄膜电学特性

使用分子束外延方法在c面蓝宝石衬底上生长了系列氮掺杂ZnO薄膜样品。在连续的富锌气氛环境中生长的样品,由于存在大量的施主缺陷,呈现n型电导。为了抑制施主缺陷带来的补偿效应,在生长过程中,通过周期性补充氧气,形成周期性的富氧气氛,缓解了氮掺杂浓度和施主缺陷浓度之间的矛盾。光致发光测量表明,通过交替生长气氛,氧空位和锌间隙等缺陷在薄膜中得到了显著抑制。通过交替生长气氛生长的外延薄膜的结晶质量也有所提高。样品显示出重复性较高的p型电导,载流子浓度可达到10¹⁶ cm^-3。周期性补氧调节生长气氛的生长方式是一种有效实现p型掺杂ZnO的方法。     

纳米C和SiC掺杂对MgB2带材超导性能的影响

采用X射线衍射仪，扫描电镜，超导量子干涉仪等仪器对纳米C和SiC掺杂的MgB₂带材进行了表征，并采用标准四引线法对样品的临界电流进行了测试. 实验表明，C和SiC掺杂在提高MgB₂带材高场下的临界电流密度方面具有显著效果. 在温度为4.2 K、磁场大于9 T条件下，C和SiC掺杂样品的临界电流密度与未掺杂样品相比均提高一个数量级以上. 掺杂样品高磁场下良好的临界电流性能主要归因于C对B的替代所产生的晶格畸变、位错等缺陷和局部成分变化而导致的有效晶内钉扎作用. 实验结果表明，SiC掺杂的MgB2带材之所以具有非常好的高场电流特性，和C掺杂的样品一样， C对B的替代起到十分关键的作用. 关键词： 2带材')" href="#">MgB₂带材 C掺杂 SiC掺杂 临界电流性能     

p型氮化镓的低温生长及发光二极管器件的研究

采用金属有机物化学气相淀积技术(MOCVD)在蓝宝石衬底上低温(870—980℃)生长p型氮化镓 (p-GaN).用Hall测试仪测量材料的电学性能，发现当温度低于900℃时，材料的电阻率较高 ；在900—980℃均可获得导电性能良好的p-GaN.另外，电导性能除与掺杂浓度有关，还与p- GaN生长条件有关，氮镓摩尔比过低导电性能就较差，过高则会引起表面粗糙.采用优化后的 p-GaN制作了绿光发光二极管器件，发现生长温度越低器件发光强度越高，反向电压也越高 ，但正向电压只是略有升高. 关键词： Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体 氮化镓 发光二极管 金属有机物化学气相淀积     

掺杂对光纤紫外传输性能的影响

对光纤紫外传输特性进行了研究和分析.利用下陷内包层结构设计,对芯层采用不同含量的锗元素和氟元素掺杂,用等离子体化学汽相沉积工艺进行光纤研制,用相同光纤拉丝工艺制备了样品光纤.通过对所制备样品光纤的光学特性、传输损耗谱、紫外传输效率和稳定性等性能的对比分析测试,得到了光纤芯层不同掺杂含量对光纤紫外性能的影响,并使用光纤芯层中的缺陷对这些测试结果进行了分析,结果表明:光纤的紫外传输效率直接受芯层掺锗的影响,但紫外传输稳定性还受到光纤芯层中其他掺杂元素的影响,有新的缺陷产生作用.     

EFFECT OF OXYGEN CONTENT ON STABILITY AND RESISTIVITY OF NdCaCuO SYSTEM

对样品Ｎｄ２－ｘＣａｘＣｕＯ４＋δ进行了Ｘ－射线衍射、热重分析、原位电导和氧含量的测定和分析，发现样品的电导对氧含量的变化非常敏感，随着氧含量的减少，电阻率大大下降，并且电阻率在低温表现的半导体行为减弱．Ｃａ掺杂不明显的改变体系的载流子浓度，但使样品Ｎｄ２－ｘＣａｘＣｕＯ４＋δ更容易失氧．真空中退火的样品在空气中不稳定且易潮解．     

纳米C和SiC掺杂对MgB2带材超导性能的影响

采用X射线衍射仪,扫描电镜,超导量子干涉仪等仪器对纳米C和SiC掺杂的MgB2带材进行了表征,并采用标准四引线法对样品的临界电流进行了测试. 实验表明,C和SiC掺杂在提高MgB2带材高场下的临界电流密度方面具有显著效果. 在温度为4.2 K、磁场大于9 T条件下,C和SiC掺杂样品的临界电流密度与未掺杂样品相比均提高一个数量级以上. 掺杂样品高磁场下良好的临界电流性能主要归因于C对B的替代所产生的晶格畸变、位错等缺陷和局部成分变化而导致的有效晶内钉扎作用. 实验结果表明,SiC掺杂的MgB2带材之所以具有非常好的高场电流特性,和C掺杂的样品一样, C对B的替代起到十分关键的作用.     

氮化镓基发光二极管结构中粗化 p型氮化镓层的新型生长方法

提出了一种新型p型氮化镓粗化外延生长方法,这种生长方法的本质特征是利用低温生长的p型氮化镓作为粗化层的"晶籽"层,然后在这一层的基础上高温快速生长p型氮化镓,使粗化程度得到放大. 经实际制作尺寸为12 mil×10 mil的蓝光发光二极管器件并进行验证测试,与未进行p型氮化镓粗化的结果相比,通过这种方法粗化的发光二极管光通量可提升45%;结果同时表明,该方法有效解决了低温生长p型氮化镓带来的漏电流大,及预通镁源带来的前置电压高的问题. 关键词： 粗化 氮化镓 p型氮化镓 发光二极管     

Er3+掺杂对ZnO/GaN发光二极管电致发光性能的调控

采用水热法制备了Er~(3+)掺杂的ZnO纳米棒阵列,通过场发射扫描电镜、X单晶衍射谱仪、透射电镜、微区显微光谱仪等对其形貌结构和发光性能进行了表征。结果表明,掺杂前后ZnO纳米棒的形貌及晶型结构未发生改变,Er~(3+)被均匀地掺杂至ZnO纳米棒中,并未发现形成Er_2O_3;掺杂Er~(3+)后样品的光致发光光谱显示400 nm左右蓝光部分占比先提高后减少,其可见光占比减少归因于Er~(3+)填补了一部分锌空位缺陷,同时抑制了一部分氧空位缺陷。结合荧光寿命光谱分析也可发现其辐射发光部分寿命延长,表明荧光辐射效率提高。最终选取掺杂浓度为30%的单根ZnO纳米棒制备ZnO/GaN异质结发光二极管,与未掺杂Er~(3+)的样品相比,其电致发光强度提高了5倍。本研究可为ZnO基电致发光器件的性能改善提供一种简便可行的方法。     

Er^(3+)掺杂对ZnO/GaN发光二极管电致发光性能的调控EI北大核心CSCD

采用水热法制备了Er^(3+)掺杂的ZnO纳米棒阵列,通过场发射扫描电镜、X单晶衍射谱仪、透射电镜、微区显微光谱仪等对其形貌结构和发光性能进行了表征。结果表明,掺杂前后ZnO纳米棒的形貌及晶型结构未发生改变,Er^(3+)被均匀地掺杂至ZnO纳米棒中,并未发现形成Er_(2)O_(3);掺杂Er^(3+)后样品的光致发光光谱显示400 nm左右蓝光部分占比先提高后减少,其可见光占比减少归因于Er^(3+)填补了一部分锌空位缺陷,同时抑制了一部分氧空位缺陷。结合荧光寿命光谱分析也可发现其辐射发光部分寿命延长,表明荧光辐射效率提高。最终选取掺杂浓度为30%的单根ZnO纳米棒制备ZnO/GaN异质结发光二极管,与未掺杂Er^(3+)的样品相比,其电致发光强度提高了5倍。本研究可为ZnO基电致发光器件的性能改善提供一种简便可行的方法。     

锰铬掺杂对陶瓷表面结构和性能的影响

针对95氧化铝陶瓷薄弱的沿面耐压能力开展体掺杂改性实验研究，以95氧化铝陶瓷瓷料为基料，选择Cr2O3和MnCO3作为添加剂制备掺杂样品，并对陶瓷样品开展了性能参数测试及沿面耐压、体击穿、金属化等实验研究，探讨锰铬掺杂对陶瓷表面结构和性能的影响。     

Study of two-dimensional hole gas concentration and hole mobility in zinc delta-doped GaAs and pseudomorphic GaAs/In0.2Ga0.8As heterostructures

Zinc delta-doped GaAs and pseudomorphic GaAs/In}_0.2Ga_0.8As heterostructures grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapour deposition have been demonstrated. The influence of delta-doping period and spacer thickness on two-dimensional hole gas concentrations and hole mobility was studied. From secondary-ion mass spectroscopy and Hall measurement, we conclude that zinc delta-doping can form an excellent abrupt profile (full-width at half maximum is of 10 nm) and offer a high two-dimensional hole gas sheet density (as high as 1 × 10¹³cm⁻²) By adopting a strained InGaAs material as the active channel and by carefully modulating the spacer layer thickness, one can obtain a significantly enhanced hole mobility.     

Symmetry and spin dephasing in (110)-grown quantum wells

Symmetry and spin dephasing in (110)-grown GaAs quantum wells (QWs) are investigated applying magnetic field induced photogalvanic effect and time-resolved Kerr rotation. We show that magnetic field induced photogalvanic effect provides a tool to probe the symmetry of (110)-grown quantum wells. The photocurrent is only observed for asymmetric structures but vanishes for symmetric QWs. Applying Kerr rotation we prove that in the latter case the spin relaxation time is maximal; therefore, these structures set the upper limit of spin dephasing in GaAs QWs. We also demonstrate that structure inversion asymmetry can be controllably tuned to zero by variation of delta-doping layer positions.     

Influence of delta doping on intersubband transition and absorption in AlGaN/GaN step quantum wells for terahertz applications

Effects of delta doping location and density on intersubband transitions in AlGaN/GaN step quantum wells for terahertz (THz) applications have been investigated by solving Schrödinger and Poisson equations self-consistently. It shows that delta doping near the GaN well/AlGaN step well interface causes a blue-shift, while delta doping in the barrier or near barrier/GaN well and barrier/step well interfaces cause a red-shift first and then a blue-shift with increasing doping density. The shifts are attributed to the combination of many body effect and internal field modulation effect, and can be more than 200% or 70% of the e₁–e₂ transition energy, as for blue-shift or red-shift, respectively. In addition, the influences of delta-doping location and density on the absorption coefficient are also investigated in detail. Delta doping at the middle of a layer is found much more desirable over uniform-doping in order to improve the absorption coefficient, especially in the step well.     

Magnetism in Cr doped ZnO: Density-functional theory studies

We investigate the magnetism in wurtzite and zinc-blende Zn_0.875Cr_0.125O (wz- and zb-Zn_0.875Cr_0.125O) using the density-functional theory calculations. We demonstrate that the delta-doping structures are more energetically favorable than the homogeneous-doping ones. The delta-doping structure of zb-Zn_0.875Cr_0.125O shows robust ground state ferromagnetism (FM) with ferromagnetic stabilization energy of 575 meV/Cr-Cr pair, while delta-doping structure of wz-Zn_0.875Cr_0.125O shows weak ground state anti-FM. We discuss the magnetic coupling in Zn_1−xCr_xO, and the origin of FM in zb-Zn_1−xCr_xO using a crystal field model. Finally, we anticipate the potential spintronics applications of the zb-Zn_1−xCr_xO.     

Statistical 3D ‘atomistic’ simulation of decanano MOSFETs

A 3D statistical ‘atomistic’ simulation technique has been developed to study the effect of the random dopant induced parameter fluctuations in aggressively scaled MOSFETs. Efficient implementation of the ‘atomistic’ simulation approach has been used to investigate the threshold voltage standard deviation and lowering in the case of uniformly doped MOSFETs, and in fluctuation-resistant architectures utilising epitaxial-layers and delta-doping. The effect of the random doping in the polysilicon gate on the threshold voltage fluctuations has also been thoroughly investigated. The influence of a single-charge trapping on the channel conductivity in decanano MOSFETs is studied in the ‘atomistic’ framework as well. Quantum effects are taken into consideration in our ‘atomistic’ simulations using the density gradient formalism.     

Investigation of delta-doped quantum wells for power FET applications

We report the use of strain-balanced quantum-well structures to generate high carrier density, high mobility layers suitable for power field effect transistor (FET) applications. Standard designs of modulation-doped heterojunctions have a sheet carrier density limited to a maximum of ∼3 ×  10¹²cm⁻², while doped channel devices allow higher densities, but with degraded mobility. By combining the technique of delta-doping with the use of a compositionally graded InGaAs quantum well, grown strain balanced on InP, high mobilities and excellent saturation drift velocities have been obtained for sheet densities of 4–5 ×  10¹²cm⁻². This paper describes the structure and electrical properties of the layers and assesses their potential for FETs.     

Control of circular polarization of electroluminescence in spin light-emitting diodes based on InGaAs/GaAs/δ〈Mn〉 heterostructures

Circularly polarized luminescence of light-emitting InGaAs/GaAs structures with a delta-doped Mn layer in a GaAs barrier was studied. The structural parameters were varied by different ways, among them are homogeneous and delta-doping with acceptor impurity, and removal of donor doping from the technological process. As it was found, the magnitude and polarity of the degree of circular polarization of luminescence strongly depend on the technological mode chosen. Simultaneous modeling of wave functions of structures highlights a good agreement between the parameters of circularly polarized luminescence and spatial distribution of wave functions of heavy holes relative to the Mn delta-layer.     

超陡倒掺杂分布对超深亚微米金属-氧化物-半导体器件总剂量辐照特性的改善

分析了沟道中超陡倒掺杂和均匀掺杂两种情况下超深亚微米MOS器件的总剂量辐照特性,主要比较了两种掺杂分布的器件在辐照情况下的泄漏电流与阈值电压的退化特性.结果表明,在辐照剂量500krad情况下,超陡倒掺杂器件的泄漏电流比均匀掺杂器件的泄漏电流低2—3个量级;而在辐照剂量500krad情况下,由于器件俘获的空穴量饱和,超陡倒掺杂的改善没有那么明显.但超陡倒掺杂的阈值电压漂移量比均匀掺杂的情况小约40mV.超陡倒掺杂有利于改善器件的总剂量辐照特性.文中还给出了用于改善器件辐照特性的超陡倒掺杂分布的优化设计,为超深亚微米器件抗辐照加固提供了依据.     

The stability of test body motion in cosmological models of general relativity

The stability of arbitrary geodesic motions in cosmological Einstein, De Sitter and Friedmann models has been investigated. It is shown that these motions are unstable by Lyapunov but according to Lagrange they are stable. The stability conditions in a finite interval of time have been found. The orbital stability has been considered.     

Plasmon modes at a wedge using a non-local dielectric function

Plasmon modes at a wedge have been obtained by using a non-local dielectric function. It is shown that the effect of this dielectric function is roughly equivalent to rounding the edge of the wedge but using a local dielectric function.