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本世纪五十年代以来,二过碘酸合铜(Ⅲ)和二过碲酸合铜(Ⅲ)配离子作为氧化剂在糖类、氨基酸。蛋白质、羧酸和醇类等的定量测定中得到了广泛的应用。近期Movius和Murthy等人进行了Cu(Ⅲ)对一元醇、醛等有机物的氧化反应动力学研究。Cu(Ⅲ)处于高价氧化态,这类反应体系又比较复杂,对这类反应体系进一步探讨有一定的意义,因为铜在许多包含有电子转移的生物化学过程中起着重要作用。本文在25℃,碱性介质中就Cu(Ⅲ)对乙二醇和丙二醇-1,2(统称,α-二醇,或α-diol)的氧化反应动力学进行了研究。 相似文献
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The kinetics of catalysis by deuteroferrihaem (deuterohaemin) were studied in the chemiluminogenic oxidation of luminol by hydrogen peroxide. The results imply that two distinct catalytic mechanisms operate to yield chemiluminescence from excited aminophthalate emitter in this system. The first mechanism involves initial one-electron oxidation of luminol by an oxidised derivative of deuteroferrihaem with well-established peroxidatic oxidant properties. The second mechanism involves a concerted pathway very similar to that which has been proposed [Olsson, T., L. Ewetz and A. Thore (1983), Photochem. Photobiol. 38 , 223–229] to explain protoferrihaem (haemin) catalysis in luminol oxidation. Deuteroferrihaem is a much more effective catalyst than protoferrihaem on a mole-for-mole basis and could be used with advantage in chemiluminescence analyses. 相似文献
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一种后过渡金属催化剂催化乙烯低聚动力学研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
设计并合成了一种新型的后过渡金属铁络合物 { [(2 ArNC(Me) ) 2 C5H3N]FeCl2 } (Ar =2 ,4 C6 H4(CH3) 2 ) ,研究了该络合物 甲基铝氧烷 (MAO)催化乙烯低聚 ,讨论了低聚反应温度、Al Fe摩尔比、催化剂浓度、反应压力等对催化剂活性及反应速率的影响 .本催化剂的最大特点是活性高 (在 30℃ ,3 0MPa时活性可达 4 2 6× 10 8goligomer·molFe·h- 1 )、初速度大 ,动力学曲线为衰减型 . 相似文献
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无烟煤氧化制苯多羧酸 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
对阳泉无烟煤进行了碱-氧气氧化研究。发现反应温度、碱的用量、反应时间以及氧初压是影响和控制水溶酸产率和反应速度的重要因素。最佳氧化条件为:温度260℃,碱煤比3.28:1,反应时间2h,氧初压5.5MPa。在最佳氧化条件下水溶酸的产率高达66.0%,其中67.4%为苯多羧酸。并采用红外光谱和气相色谱对反应产物进行了定性和定量分析。 相似文献
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《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(10):1521-1535
The oxidation of polypropylene (PP) homopolymer in air was performed using dodecanol-1 as an accelerator. The experiments were conducted under atmospheric pressure at 180-220°C. Spectroscopic data indicated the formation of polar groups such as ketones, esters, alcohols, anhydrides etc. as determined by FTIR and ESCA. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the variations of morphology of the oxidation products. The fusion temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The variations of solubility of PPO as compared with the original PP were investigated in solvents such as MEK, THF, and toluene. Surface tension and molecular weights were determined by tensiometry and gel premeation chromatography (GPC). The melt flow index (MFI) of different samples were determined. 相似文献
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用密度泛函理论中的B3LYP LANL2MB方法 ,研究了Ni 水杨亚胺催化剂催化乙烯聚合的中性反应机理并和阳离子活性中心的催化反应机理进行了比较 .计算结果表明 ,整个中性催化机理类似于阳离子催化机理 ,但是也有不同 .两种机理都是从带空位的活性催化剂开始 ,乙烯以垂直于催化剂平面的方式占据空位 ,为了有利于甲基的迁移 ,乙烯向甲基的方向旋转 90° ,形成四元环过渡态 .插入反应发生后 ,Ni和 β C之间形成一种氢桥键 ,协助新空位的形成 ,实现链的增长 .乙烯与中性活性中心的相互作用远远强于乙烯与阳离子活性中心的相互作用 .中性催化机理较阳离子催化机理容易引发 .阳离子催化的过渡态所需的活化能比中性催化所需的活化能低 ,表明阳离子反应机理比中性反应机理容易进行 ,甲基在中性催化过渡态中的迁移明显不同于在酸性液化过渡态中的迁移 .β agostic相互作用在中性催化反应机理中 ,在主导烷基给合物中Ni所带的电荷方面 ,起着关键性的作用 . 相似文献
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高锰酸根离子氧化烯烃反应机理的研究王磊(淮北煤炭师范学院化学系,淮北235000)关键词烯烃高锰酸根离子氧化机理碳碳双键是烯烃分子的官能团,通常情况下此官能团较活泼、易受亲电和亲核试剂的进攻。碱性的高锰酸根离子MnO-4是烯烃羟化的经典试剂,同时导致... 相似文献
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In order to study the mechanism of the formation of maeroporous copolymer, the overall reaction kinetics, phase separation and gelation of the S/EGDM in the presence of inert solvents and the physical properties of the eopolymer were investigated and compared with the corresponding system of S/DVB and S/DVB/MMA. The formation of the network structure of the macroreticular polymer was studied and a model of the mechanism suggested. 相似文献
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Plasma polymerization of acetonitrile was carried out by a capacitively coupled RF plasma apparatus with external electrodes under some different reaction conditions such as discharge power. By investigating the informations provided by the polymer deposition regularities, IR spectra and elementary analysis results, the polymerization mechanism of acetonitrile in glow discharge have been investigated. The results show that acetonitrile polymerized in glow discharge mainly through hydrogen detachment for initiation at lower energy levels and the role that opening C≡N triple bond played in polymerization became more important at higher energy levels. 相似文献
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甲基橙氧化褪色吸光光度法测定碘的研究 总被引:28,自引:7,他引:28
提出了在硫酸介质中并在溴化钾的催化下,碘酸根氧化甲基橙褪色吸光光度法测定碘的新方法.试验结果表明,在最大吸收波长510nm处,碘浓度在0~50μg/50ml范围内呈线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数为9.0×10~(4).方法已用于测定碘盐及海带中的碘,结果满意. 相似文献
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《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(11):1437-1445
The kinetics of free radical polymerization of methylacrylate (MA) was investigated using benzyltributylammonium chloride (BTBAC) as phase transfer catalyst and potassium peroxydisulfate as initiator at aconstant temperature, 60°C, in an inert atmosphere under unstirred condition. The effect of concentrations of the monomer, initiator and the catalyst on polymerization was discussed and a mechanism of polymerization has been proposed. The order with respect to the monomer, initiator, and phase transfer catalyst was found to be 2, 0.5, and 0.5, respectively. 相似文献
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硫酸氢铵分解动力学及其分解机理的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了筛选适合的化学贮能系统,Wentworth等人曾提出了十项筛选标准。照此标准衡量,硫酸氢铵的分解-合成反应是一个十分理想的贮能系统: NH_4HSO_4(l)?NH_3(g)+H_2(g)+SO_3(g)Prengle也曾就此反应应用于太阳能电站贮能系统的可行性作过理论上的探讨.但是,有关该反应的基础研究进行的还很不够,特别有关分解动力学和分解机理的研究文献尚未见报导。本文用等温热重法和程序升温热重法对硫酸氢铵的热分解动力学进行了研究,并确定了分解机理,为贮能系统的实际应用提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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板状镍催化剂上氨分解和氨部分氧化制氮氢气的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研制了一种 Ni/Al2O3多孔板状催化剂.该催化剂在反应温度高于750℃,氨分解率高于99.5%时,允许反应空速达10000—40000h-1.用该催化板组装的反应器可采用内加热形式,和一般的外加热反应器相比可节约能耗约30%.在催化板上氨分解的经验动力学方程是γ=kp2NH3,表观活化能为153.0kJ/mol.将该催化剂用于氨部分氧化时,在空气和氨比为1.0—1.7,680—750℃,氨空速10000—40000h-1条件下,在氨点火后无外加能源情况下,能制得含氢30~43%,残氧小于0.1%的氮氢混合气,氨的转化率>99.5%,连续250小时反应表明,催化剂活性稳定.宏观动力学研究得出,反应对氨呈零级,表观活化能为37.2kJ/mol. 相似文献