Fourier type 2 operators with respect to locally compact abelian groups

A linear and bounded operator T between Banach spaces X and Y has Fourier type 2 with respect to a locally compact abelian group G if there exists a constant c > 0 such that∥T ∥₂ ≤ c∥f∥₂ holds for all X‐valued functions f ∈ L^X₂(G) where is the Fourier transform of f. We show that any Fourier type 2 operator with respect to the classical groups has Fourier type 2 with respect to any locally compact abelian group. This generalizes previous special results for the Cantor group and for closed subgroups of ?ⁿ. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Algebraization of the Three‐valued BCK‐logic

In this paper a definition of n‐valued system in the context of the algebraizable logics is proposed. We define and study the variety V₃, showing that it is definitionally equivalent to the equivalent quasivariety semantics for the “Three‐valued BCK‐logic”. As a consequence we find an axiomatic definition of the above system.     

Cell decomposition for P‐minimal fields

In [12], P. Scowcroft and L. van den Dries proved a cell decomposition theorem for p‐adically closed fields. We work here with the notion of P‐minimal fields defined by D. Haskell and D. Macpherson in [6]. We prove that a P‐minimal field K admits cell decomposition if and only if K has definable selection. A preprint version in French of this result appeared as a prepublication [8] (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Subquasivarieties of implicative locally‐finite quasivarieties

A quasivariety is said to be implicative if it is generated by a class of algebras with equationally‐definable implication of equalities. Implicative finitely‐generated quasivarieties appear naturally within logic, for instance, as equivalent quasivarieties of Gentzen‐style calculi for finitely‐valued propositional logics with equality determinant (cf. [17], [18, Subsection 7.5] and Section A). Furthermore, any discriminator quasivariety is implicative. We prove that, for any implicative locally‐finite quasivariety ? and any skeleton S of the class of all finite ?‐simple members of ?, the image of the first component of a natural Galois connection between the dual poset of subquasivarieties of ? and the poset of all sets of finite subsets of S is the closure system of all U_S‐ideals of the poset 〈S, ?〉, where ? is the embeddability relation and U_S is the up‐set on S constituted by all members of S having a one‐element subalgebra, with closure basis determined by the sets of all principal and non‐empty finitely‐generated up‐sets on S. It is also shown that the first component of the Galois connection under consideration is injective if and only if, for each finite sequence

     

On measure‐valued solutions to a two‐dimensional gravity‐driven avalanche flow model

This paper concerns measure‐valued solutions for the two‐dimensional granular avalanche flow model introduced by Savage and Hutter. The system is similar to the isentropic compressible Euler equations, except for a Coulomb–Mohr friction law in the source term. We will partially follow the study of measure‐valued solutions given by DiPerna and Majda. However, due to the multi‐valued nature of the friction law, new more sensitive measures must be introduced. The main idea is to consider the class of x‐dependent maximal monotone graphs of non‐single‐valued operators and their relation with 1‐Lipschitz, Carathéodory functions. This relation allows to introduce generalized Young measures for x‐dependent maximal monotone graph. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A multigrid‐based shifted Laplacian preconditioner for a fourth‐order Helmholtz discretization

In this paper, an iterative solution method for a fourth‐order accurate discretization of the Helmholtz equation is presented. The method is a generalization of that presented in (SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 2006; 27 :1471–1492), where multigrid was employed as a preconditioner for a Krylov subspace iterative method. The multigrid preconditioner is based on the solution of a second Helmholtz operator with a complex‐valued shift. In particular, we compare preconditioners based on a point‐wise Jacobi smoother with those using an ILU(0) smoother, we compare using the prolongation operator developed by de Zeeuw in (J. Comput. Appl. Math. 1990; 33 :1–27) with interpolation operators based on algebraic multigrid principles, and we compare the performance of the Krylov subspace method Bi‐conjugate gradient stabilized with the recently introduced induced dimension reduction method, IDR(s). These three improvements are combined to yield an efficient solver for heterogeneous problems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Representations of MV‐algebras by sheaves

In this paper, inspired by methods of Bigard, Keimel, and Wolfenstein ([2]), we develop an approach to sheaf representations of MV‐algebras which combines two techniques for the representation of MV‐algebras devised by Filipoiu and Georgescu ([18]) and by Dubuc and Poveda ([16]). Following Davey approach ([12]), we use a subdirect representation of MV‐algebras that is based on local MV‐algebras. This allowed us to obtain: (a) a representation of any MV‐algebras as MV‐algebra of all global sections of a sheaf of local MV‐algebras on the spectruum of its prime ideals; (b) a representation of MV‐algebras, having the space of minimal prime ideals compact, as MV‐algebra of all global sections of a Hausdorff sheaf of MV‐chains on the space of minimal prime ideals, which is a Stone space; (c) an adjunction between the category of all MV‐algebras and the category of MV‐algebraic spaces, where an MV‐algebraic space is a pair (X, F), where X is a compact topological space and F is a sheaf of MV‐algebras with stalks that are local (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A class of vector‐valued dilation‐and‐modulation frames on the half real line

Vector‐valued frames were first introduced under the name of superframes by Balan in the context of signal multiplexing and by Han and Larson from the mathematical aspect. Since then, the wavelet and Gabor frames in have interested many mathematicians. The space models vector‐valued causal signal spaces because of the time variable being nonnegative. But it admits no nontrivial shift‐invariant system and thus no wavelet or Gabor frame since is not a group by addition (not as ). Observing that is a group by multiplication, we, in this paper, introduce a class of multiplication‐based dilation‐and‐modulation ( ) systems, and investigate the theory of frames in . Since is not closed under the Fourier transform, the Fourier transform does not fit . We introduce the notion of Θ_a transform in , and using Θ_a‐transform matrix method, we characterize frames, Riesz bases, and dual frames in and obtain an explicit expression of duals for an arbitrary given frame. An example theorem is also presented.     

A note on operator‐valued Fourier multipliers on Besov spaces

Let X be a Banach space. We show that each m : ? \ {0} → L (X ) satisfying the Mikhlin condition sup_{x ≠0}(‖m (x )‖ + ‖xm ′(x )‖) < ∞ defines a Fourier multiplier on B ^s _p,q (?; X ) if and only if 1 < p < ∞ and X is isomorphic to a Hilbert space; each bounded measurable function m : ? → L (X ) having a uniformly bounded variation on dyadic intervals defines a Fourier multiplier on B ^s _p,q (?; X ) if and only if 1 < p < ∞ and X is a UMD space. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Integration with Respect to Hilbert Space‐Valued Semimartingales via Jacod‐Grigelionis Characteristics

Abstract

The main aim of this paper is to describe the space of operator‐valued predictable processes, which are integrable with respect to a Hilbert space valued quasi‐left continuous semimartingale. The space of integrable processes is a randomized Musielak‐Orlicz space with a modular explicitely expressed in terms of Jacod‐Grigelionis characteristics.     

Fixed points of (α,ψ)‐contractions in Hausdorff partial metric spaces

The concept of (α,ψ)‐contractions was introduced by Samet et al. in this paper, we introduce (α,ψ)‐generalized contractions in a Hausdorff partial metric space. We discuss its significance and obtain some common fixed point theorems for a pair of self‐mappings. Some examples are given to support the theory.     

Embedding vector‐valued Besov spaces into spaces of γ ‐radonifying operators

It is shown that a Banach space E has type p if and only for some (all) d ≥ 1 the Besov space B^{(1/p – 1/2)d} _p,p (?^d ; E) embeds into the space γ (L²(?^d ), E) of γ ‐radonifying operators L²(?^d ) → E. A similar result characterizing cotype q is obtained. These results may be viewed as E ‐valued extensions of the classical Sobolev embedding theorems. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Tilings,packings, coverings,and the approximation of functions

A packing (resp. covering) ? of a normed space X consisting of unit balls is called completely saturated (resp. completely reduced) if no finite set of its members can be replaced by a more numerous (resp. less numerous) set of unit balls of X without losing the packing property (resp. covering property) of ?. We show that a normed space X admits completely saturated packings with disjoint closed unit balls as well as completely reduced coverings with open unit balls, provided that there exists a tiling of X with unit balls. Completely reduced coverings by open balls are of interest in the context of an approximation theory for continuous real‐valued functions that rests on so‐called controllable coverings of compact metric spaces. The close relation between controllable coverings and completely reduced coverings allows an extension of the approximation theory to non‐compact spaces. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Characterization of Stochastic Viability of Any Nonsmooth Set Involving Its Generalized Contingent Curvature

Abstract

Thanks to the Stroock and Varadhan “Support Theorem” and under convenient regularity assumptions, stochastic viability problems are equivalent to invariance problems for control systems (also called tychastic viability), as it has been singled out by Doss in 1977 for instance. By the way, it is in this framework of invariance under control systems that problems of stochastic viability in mathematical finance are studied. The Invariance Theorem for control systems characterizes invariance through first‐order tangential and/or normal conditions whereas the stochastic invariance theorem characterizes invariance under second‐order tangential conditions. Doss's Theorem states that these first‐order normal conditions are equivalent to second‐order normal conditions that we expect for invariance under stochastic differential equations for smooth subsets. We extend this result to any subset by defining in an adequate way the concept of contingent curvature of a set and contingent epi‐Hessian of a function, related to the contingent curvature of its epigraph. This allows us to go one step further by characterizing functions the epigraphs of which are invariant under systems of stochastic differential equations. We shall show that they are (generalized) solutions to either a system of first‐order Hamilton‐Jacobi equations or to an equivalent system of second‐order Hamilton‐Jacobi equations.     

Duality theorem for B‐valued martingale Orlicz–Hardy spaces associated with concave functions

The dual space of B ‐valued martingale Orlicz–Hardy space with a concave function Φ, which is associated with the conditional p‐variation of B ‐valued martingale, is characterized. To obtain the results, a new type of Campanato spaces for B ‐valued martingales is introduced and the classical technique of atomic decompositions is improved. Some results obtained here are connected closely with the p‐uniform smoothness and q‐uniform convexity of the underlying Banach space.     

Nowhere‐zero 3‐flows in locally connected graphs

Let G be a graph. For each vertex v ∈V(G), N_v denotes the subgraph induces by the vertices adjacent to v in G. The graph G is locally k‐edge‐connected if for each vertex v ∈V(G), N_v is k‐edge‐connected. In this paper we study the existence of nowhere‐zero 3‐flows in locally k‐edge‐connected graphs. In particular, we show that every 2‐edge‐connected, locally 3‐edge‐connected graph admits a nowhere‐zero 3‐flow. This result is best possible in the sense that there exists an infinite family of 2‐edge‐connected, locally 2‐edge‐connected graphs each of which does not have a 3‐NZF. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 42: 211–219, 2003     

Sufficient conditions for graphs to be λ′‐optimal,super‐edge‐connected,and maximally edge‐connected

The restricted‐edge‐connectivity of a graph G, denoted by λ′(G), is defined as the minimum cardinality over all edge‐cuts S of G, where G‐S contains no isolated vertices. The graph G is called λ′‐optimal, if λ′(G) = ξ(G), where ξ(G) is the minimum edge‐degree in G. A graph is super‐edge‐connected, if every minimum edge‐cut consists of edges adjacent to a vertex of minimum degree. In this paper, we present sufficient conditions for arbitrary, triangle‐free, and bipartite graphs to be λ′‐optimal, as well as conditions depending on the clique number. These conditions imply super‐edge‐connectivity, if δ (G) ≥ 3, and the equality of edge‐connectivity and minimum degree. Different examples will show that these conditions are best possible and independent of other results in this area. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 48: 228–246, 2005     

Minimally (k,k)‐edge‐connected graphs

For an integer l > 1, the l‐edge‐connectivity of a connected graph with at least l vertices is the smallest number of edges whose removal results in a graph with l components. A connected graph G is (k, l)‐edge‐connected if the l‐edge‐connectivity of G is at least k. In this paper, we present a structural characterization of minimally (k, k)‐edge‐connected graphs. As a result, former characterizations of minimally (2, 2)‐edge‐connected graphs in [J of Graph Theory 3 (1979), 15–22] are extended. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 44: 116–131, 2003