CuNPs/PAA/GR纳米新材料修饰玻碳电极检测猪肉中的莱克多巴胺

采用一种温和且简单的原位生长法将铜纳米粒子和石墨烯非共价键合,形成一种对莱克多巴胺催化活性高的复合纳米新材料Cu NPs/PAA/GR。该材料用扫描电镜表征形貌,用阻抗表征修饰电极。不同扫速和p H值条件下,以其修饰玻碳电极构建的电化学体系受吸附控制,莱克多巴胺在该电极表面的反应机理属两电子转移过程。体系中电化学参数为:电子转移数(n)=1.7,修饰电极的有效面积为3.57 cm2,为裸电极的12.6倍,电极吸附量(Гs)为1.98×10-12mol/cm2。采用微分脉冲伏安法进行检测,莱克多巴胺的浓度在1~30μmol/L范围内呈良好线性关系(r2=0.990 2),检出限(S/N=3)为18.3 nmol/L。该传感器经济易制备、灵敏性高、稳定性与重现性好。将该传感器用于猪肉中莱克多巴胺的检测,其回收率为97.0%~102.5%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~3.2%。     

CuNi/β-环糊精/还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极电化学检测多巴胺

建立了一种循环伏安法制备CuNi/β-环糊精/还原氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(CuNi/β-CD/ERGO/GCE)的方法。通过多巴胺在该修饰电极上的电化学行为发现,该电化学传感器实现了快速、灵敏的测定多巴胺。该传感器用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测定多巴胺时,其电化学响应电流与多巴胺浓度在0.01~20μmol/L之间呈线性关系,检测限为8 nmol/L。该传感器用于尿液样品中的多巴胺检测,回收率在95.6%~107.2%之间。     

一种基于SWNTs/Nafion/CuNPs纳米复合材料的经济易制备型非酶尿酸传感器

通过电沉积金属铜于SWNTs/Nafion修饰的玻碳电极表面构建了一种经济且简单易制备的非酶尿酸传感器。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪表征了纳米材料的形貌和成分,并考察了不同扫速和p H值对修饰电极的影响。在优化条件下,尿酸的线性范围为0.1~1 000μmol·L-1,检出限(S/N=3)为0.058 5μmol·L-1。采用标准加入法检测人体血清中尿酸的回收率为97.2%~103.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.04%~0.11%。该非酶法与GOD-POD酶法的结果高度一致,且传感器经济易制备、灵敏性高、稳定性好、重现性高。     

铜纳米粒子/聚丙烯酸/石墨烯纳米复合材料修饰玻碳电极检测水中的4-硝基苯酚

采用一种温和且简单的原位生长法将铜纳米粒子和石墨烯非共价键合,得到铜纳米粒子/聚丙烯酸/石墨烯(CuNPs/PAA/GR)纳米复合材料,对4-硝基苯酚(4-NP)表现出良好的电催化活性.用扫描电镜对此纳米复合材料的形貌进行了表征.以此材料修饰的玻碳电极受吸附控制,4-NP在该电极表面的反应机理为两电子转移过程,电子转移数n=2.3,修饰电极的有效面积为0.6275 cm2,是裸电极的2.22倍,电极吸附量Гs为1.6×10-11 mol/cm2,催化速率常数kcat的平均值为1.15×104 L/(mol/s).修饰电极的响应电流与4-NP的浓度在1 ～ 150 μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为:Ipa(μA)=-0.015C(μmol/L)-0.98,(R2 =0.9951),检出限为0.23 μmol/L(S/N=3).此传感器制备简单、灵敏性高、稳定性和重现性好.使用此传感器检测实际水样中4-NP的回收率为88.6％～ 100.7％,相对标准偏差为2.6％ ～5.9％.     

聚对氨基苯磺酸/氧化石墨烯修饰电极同时测定多巴胺和抗坏血酸

用循环伏安法制备了聚对氨基苯磺酸/氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(PABSA/GO/GCE),研究了多巴胺(DA)和抗坏血酸(AA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,并建立了同时测定多巴胺和抗坏血酸电化学分析新方法,相对于裸玻碳电极,该电极测定DA和AA的峰电流明显增加。实验结果表明:在实验条件下,DA测定的线性范围为0.50～300μmol/L;检出限为5.0μmol/L。AA测定的线性范围是0.10～2.4 mmol/L,检出限为0.50μmol/L。     

氢氧化镍薄膜修饰玻碳电极的制备及其对L-赖氨酸氧化的电催化活性

采用恒电位沉积方法将氢氧化镍沉积到玻碳电极表面,得到稳定性高、催化活性好的氢氧化镍薄膜修饰玻碳电极;分析了影响薄膜形成过程的关键因素,确定了最佳薄膜制备方案;与此同时,将薄膜修饰玻碳电极用于生物样品L-赖氨酸的氧化测定,并探讨了其催化作用机理.结果表明,所制备的氢氧化镍薄膜修饰玻碳电极表面发生电化学反应[Ni(OH)2→NiOOH],从而促进电极表面的电子转移,实现对L-赖氨酸的电催化作用.当L-赖氨酸的浓度在1.0×10-4～4.0×10-7 mol/L范围内时,相应氧化峰电流与浓度呈线性关系,检出限达4.0×10-7 mol/L;据此可方便地制备稳定性好且灵敏度高的电流型传感器.     

血红蛋白在TiO2-石墨烯/离子液体/壳聚糖纳米复合膜修饰电极上的直接电化学

基于TiO2-石墨烯、离子液体和壳聚糖复合膜修饰玻碳电极制备了一种新型的电化学传感器。用循环伏安法研究了血红蛋白在该修饰电极上的直接电化学行为。结果表明,该纳米复合膜能有效地促进血红蛋白在电极上的直接电子转移,保持其生物催化活性。该传感器对H2O2具有良好的催化性能。H2O2的电流响应信号与其浓度在20～860μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.1μmol/L(S/N=3)。传感器具有良好的稳定性和重现性。     

氯霉素在过氧化聚多巴胺修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

利用多巴胺(DA)的自聚反应在玻碳电极(GCE)表面形成聚多巴胺(PDA)膜,将聚多巴胺修饰电极浸入碱溶液中进行电化学处理,制得过氧化聚多巴胺修饰电极(OPDA/GCE)。通过方波伏安法直接测定氯霉素在OPDA/GCE上的电化学响应信号,得到待测溶液中氯霉素的浓度。对多巴胺的自聚时间、氯霉素在修饰电极上的电化学性质、测试条件、溶解氧的影响及去除方法等进行考察。结果表明,氯霉素在OPDA/GCE上的还原峰电流与其浓度在3.0×10-6~1.1×10-3mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为7.8×10-7mol/L,牛奶和蜂蜜样品的加标回收率分别为83.4%~94.1%和91.5%~108.6%。该修饰电极制备方法简便易行、成本低、便于批量制备,用其检测氯霉素操作简单、选择性好。     

氧化石墨烯-石墨烯纳米复合物传感器检测 对乙酰氨基酚和对氨基苯酚

本文通过简单超声法制备了氧化石墨烯-石墨烯(GO-Gr)碳复合材料,通过扫描电镜和电化学方法进行表征。将其修饰在玻碳电极表面,成功构建了用于对乙酰氨基苯酚(APAP)和对氨基苯酚(PAP)检测的电化学传感器。采用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测定APAP和PAP,线性检测范围为0.1～70μmol/L和0.3～60μmol/L,检出限为0.02 和0.1μmol/ L。同时,构建的传感器还表现出良好的稳定性和抗干扰能力,可用于实际样品的检测。     

基于有序介孔碳/纳米金/L-半胱氨酸修饰电极测定铜(Ⅱ)

将纳米金(NG)电沉积在有序介孔碳(OMC)修饰玻碳电极表面,并将L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)自组装至OM C/NG修饰电极表面,制备了OM C/NG/L-Cys修饰电极。采用透射电子显微镜考察了OM C的结构,扫描电子显微镜研究了OMC/NG/L-Cys修饰电极的表面形貌。考察了Cu2+在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,优化了Cu2+的测定条件。在最优条件下,溶出峰峰电流与Cu2+浓度在0.05~6.0μmol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为0.03μmol/L(S/N=3)。方法用于河水样品分析,其加标回收率在92.7%~101.6%之间。     

A highly sensitive dopamine sensor based on a polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide/Nafion nanocomposite

A nanocomposite of polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (PANI-rGO) was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. The product was characterized by FT-IR, Raman spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM. Then the hybrid material of PANI-rGO and Nafion (PANI-rGO-NF) was prepared and used to modify glassy carbon electrode for the trace determination of dopamine (DA) employing differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It was found that the hybrid material showed good catalytic activity toward the oxidation of DA, and no response to ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) was observed, suggesting a high selectivity of the sensor toward DA. The peak currents were linearly correlated with the concentration of DA in the range from 0.05 μmol/L to 60.0 μmol/L (R=0.996) and 60.0 μmol/L to 180.0 μmol/L (R=0.996) with a detection limit of 0.024 μmol/L (S/N=3). The modified electrode also exhibited excellent repeatability and stability.     

立方体银纳米-聚二烯二甲基氯化铵/氧化石墨烯复合膜修饰电极用于多巴胺和亚硝酸根的同时检测

以聚二烯二甲基氯化铵( PDDA)为保护剂和还原剂,制备了PDDA功能化的银纳米颗粒( AgNPs),然后与氧化石墨烯( GO)复合,得到 PDDA功能化的立方体银纳米( C-AgNPs)/GO 复合膜,修饰于玻碳电极( GCE)表面,形成C-AgNPs-PDDA/GO/GCE。采用扫描电子显微镜表征了不同修饰膜的形貌,探讨了其对多巴胺( DA)和亚硝酸根( NO-2)的循环伏安行为,发现C-AgNPs-PDDA/GO复合膜对DA和NO-2表现出显著的电催化氧化活性。采用差分脉冲伏安法,修饰电极检测DA的线性范围为0.030~0.300μmol/L和0.300~300μmol/L,检测 NO-2的线性范围为30.0~2300μmol/L,检测下限分别为9.8 nmol/L 和12.6μmol/L (S/N=3)。此电极具有良好的抗干扰性、重现性和稳定性,可用于人体血清样品中DA和NO-2的同时测定,回收率分别为97.4%~104.2%和98.0%~102.8%。与分光光度法比较,两者测定结果一致。     

TiO2-石墨烯-Nafion复合膜修饰玻碳电极同时测定多巴胺和尿酸

利用在玻碳电极上修饰了TiO2-石墨烯-Nafion复合膜制得的修饰电极进行多巴胺(DA)和尿酸(UA)的同时测定。用循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了该修饰电极的电化学行为。在pH为7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中,修饰电极对于DA和UA的电化学氧化具有良好的电催化性能。DA和UA的氧化峰电流分别在2～120和60～300μmol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限分别为0.066和0.102μmol/L。实验结果表明,TiO2-石墨烯-Nafion复合膜修饰电极显著提高了检测的灵敏度,并表现出良好的选择性和重现性。     

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-modified carbon paste electrodes for selective determination of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid

A carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by a monolayer film of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used for detection of dopamine (DA). Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated improved response of the DA sensor. This suggests the effectivity of surface modification of CPE by SDS. Impedance spectroscopy was used for the characterization of CPE surface properties. The effect of SDS concentration on the electrode quality also reveals that SDS formed a monolayer on CPE surface with a high density of negative-charged end directed outside the electrode. As a result, the carbon paste electrode modified with SDS (SDS/CPE) exerted discrimination against ascorbic acid in physiological circumstance. Thus, it can selectively determine dopamine even in the presence of 220-fold AA combined with differential pulse stripping voltammetry. In pH 7.40 phosphate buffer solution, the oxidation peak current on differential pulse voltammograms increases linearly with the concentration of DA in the range of 5.0 x 10(-7) to 8.0 x 10(-4) mol . L(-1) with a detection limit of 5.0 x 10(-8) mol . L(-1). Satisfying results are achieved when detecting the DA in injection and simulated biology sample.     

盐酸普萘洛尔分子印迹电化学传感器的制备与研究

以盐酸普萘洛尔为目标模板分子,通过电聚合多巴胺,在多壁碳纳米管修饰的玻碳电极表面制备了对目标分子有特异响应的分子印迹电化学传感器.利用扫描电子显微镜、循环伏安法和差示脉冲伏安法对此传感器的表面形貌及性能进行了表征,并且优化了检测条件,研究了印迹传感器对模板分子及其结构类似物的选择性响应.结果表明:此传感器具有较好的选择性响应,而且碳纳米管的存在显著提高了传感器的灵敏度.盐酸普萘洛尔的浓度在0.20～100 μmol/L范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系;检出限为2.53×10-8 mol/L(S/N=3).此传感器还具有良好的稳定性和重现性.     

钯/聚苯胺纳米多层膜的制备及对抗坏血酸和多巴胺的催化氧化

采用脉冲电位法(PPSM)结合聚苯胺(PANI)的层层自组装制备了Pd/PANI交替沉积纳米多层膜, 并用于抗坏血酸(AA)和多巴胺(DA)的检测. 实验发现, 多层膜结构形貌及催化性能受前躯体K₂PdCl₆浓度、 脉冲条件及膜厚度等影响. 当K₂PdCl₆浓度为2×10^-3 mol/L, 阴极脉冲电位为-0.3 V, 阶跃次数为17时, 5层Pd/PANI修饰玻碳电极对AA和DA的催化性能最佳; 在0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液中, AA和DA的氧化峰明显分离[ΔE_p(AA, DA)=160 mV], 其峰电流与浓度分别在5×10^-5～4×10^-4和4×10^-5～1×10^-4 mol/L范围内呈较好线性关系, 实现了对AA和DA的同时测定. 该修饰电极具有良好的抗干扰性和稳定性.     

A New Sensor for Simultaneous Determination of Tyrosine and Dopamine Using Iron(III) Doped Zeolite Modified Carbon Paste Electrode

A new chemically modified electrode is constructed based on iron(III) doped zeolite modified carbon paste electrode (Fe³⁺Y/ZMCPE). The new sensor could be used for the simultaneous determination of the biologically important compounds dopamine (DA) and tyrosine (Tyr). The measurements are carried out using differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method. The prepared modified electrode shows voltammetric responses of high sensitivity, selectivity and stability for DA and Tyr under optimal conditions, which makes it a suitable sensor for simultaneous trace detection of DA and Tyr in solution. Application of the DPV method demonstrates that in the Briton Robinson buffer solutions (pH=5) containing 50 µmol/L Tyr, there is a linear relationship between the oxidation peaks and the concentrations of DA over the range of 0.1–200 µmol/L, with a detection limit of 0.05 µmol/L (S/N=3). For Tyr a linear correlation between oxidation peak current and concentration of Tyr over the range of 0.5–200 µmol/L (containing 50 µmol/L DA), with a detection limit of 0.08 µmol/L is obtained. The analytical performances of this sensor are evaluated for the detection of DA and Tyr in human serum and a medicine.     

Preparation of aminylferrocene/nanogold modified glassy carbon electrode and its electrocatalysis on dopamine

Aminylferrocene(FcAI)-Nanogold(NG) modified glassy carbon electrode (FcAI/NG/GCE) was prepared by the Au-N bond between Au and FcAI. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was employed to study the surface of the modified electrode. The electrochemical behavior of dopamine (DA) on the modified electrode was investigated and it was found that the modified electrode had an obvious electrocatalytic effect on DA. Compared with a bare GCE, the modified electrode exhibited an apparent shift of the oxidation peak potential in the negative potential direction and a marked enhancement in the current response for DA. We investigated the determination of DA on the modified electrode by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 7.0 x 10(-7) mol/L to 6x10(-4) mol/L of DA in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9989. The detection limit (S/N = 3) of DA was estimated to be 1.0 x 10(-7) mol/L. Especially, by using the modified electrode, we can separate the oxidation peaks of ascorbic acid (AA) and DA in the PBS and it was satisfactory for the determination of DA with the interference of AA.     

用聚(L-蛋氨酸)/纳米金修饰玻碳电极同时灵敏检测多巴胺和尿酸简

A novel electrochemical sensor was fabricated by electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles on a poly(L-methionine) (PMT)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to form a nano-Au/PMT composite-modified GCE (nano-Au/PMT/GCE). Scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques were used to characterize the composite electrode. The modified electrode exhibited considerable electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) in phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.00). Differential pulse voltammetry revealed that the electrocatalytic oxidation currents of DA and UA were linearly related to concentration over the range of 5.0×10^-8 to 10^-6 mol/L for DA and 7.0×10^-8 to 10^-6 mol/L for UA. The detection limits were 3.7×10^-8 mol/L for DA and 4.5×10^-8 mol/L for UA at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. According to our experimental results, nano-Au/PMT/GCE can be used as a sensitive and selective sensor for simultaneous determination of DA and UA.