基于G-四联体的纳米探针比色检测铅离子

基于纳米探针和G-四联体建立了简便快速检测铅离子的方法. 纳米探针采用金纳米粒子自组装修饰富G寡核苷酸制得, 在铅离子存在下, 纳米探针上的富G寡核苷酸形成G-四联体, 导致纳米探针凝聚变色. 在优化条件下, 比色检测铅离子的线性范围为48~480 nmol/L, 检出限为20 nmol/L; 大多数金属离子无明显干扰, 而有明显干扰的汞离子可采用与之特异结合的寡核苷酸有效消除. 将该法成功用于环境水样中铅离子的检测, 重现性(RSD<3.0%)与回收率(98.4%~101.5%)良好.     

基于硫代黄素T诱导G-四联体构成的生物传感器检测铅离子

硫代黄素T(ThT)荧光分子在自由状态下荧光强度很弱,通过在Tris-HCl缓冲液中加入Pb²⁺的适配体即富含G的DNA序列,可与ThT荧光分子形成G-四联体结构,使荧光信号迅速增强;向溶液中加入Pb²⁺,Pb²⁺与其适配体有很好的结合特异性,可生成更牢固的G-四联体结构,使ThT分子被释放出来,导致溶液的荧光强度降低,基于此可检测溶液中的Pb²⁺离子.实验中优化了缓冲溶液组成、ThT荧光分子浓度、Pb²⁺适配体浓度及反应时间等条件.结果表明,在10 mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH=8. 3,含2 mmol/L MgCl₂)缓冲溶液中,ThT荧光分子和Pb²⁺适配体的浓度分别为10μmol/L和200 nmol/L,反应10 min时,随着溶液中Pb2+浓度的增加,荧光强度减弱.Pb²⁺浓度在20～1000 nmol/L范围内时,荧光强度与Pb²⁺的浓度呈现良好的线性关系(R^...     

基于“G-4联体”适配子探针的电化学发光传感器检测Pb2+

在金电极表面,通过Au-S键接上具有"茎-环"结构的发夹适配子探针(Hairpin aptamer probe,HAP);当加入Pb2+时,促使发夹结构适配子的"茎-环"结构打开,形成G-4联体,暴露出的3’-NH2与CdS量子点(QDs)结合,导致电化学发光,据此可构建测定Pb2+的量子点电化学发光"Turn on"型传感器。对电化学发光传感器进行了表征。在2.0×10-10~5.0×10-8mol/L范围内,Pb2+浓度与其响应的ECL信号呈线性关系,检出限为3.74×10-11mol/L。传感器有良好的选择性、稳定性及重现性。     

基于杂交指示剂的无标记适配体电化学传感器用于铅离子检测

为克服传统重金属铅离子(Pb²⁺)检测方法无法适应现场在线分析的缺陷,该研究以杂交指示剂亚甲基蓝(MB)作为电化学信号探针,以适配体作为Pb²⁺识别原件构建无标记适配体电化学传感器。在金电极表面,通过先后修饰适配体及其互补序列cDNA形成双链,随后吸附在双链间的MB通过差分脉冲伏安法产生强烈的电化学信号。当Pb²⁺存在时,适配体特异性捕获Pb²⁺造成双链断开释放MB,从而造成电信号降低,实现对Pb²⁺的定量检测。构建的电化学传感器对Pb²⁺的线性范围为0.1～100 000μg/L,检出限低至33.4 ng/L,对牛奶和湖水样品的加标回收率分别为87.1%～115%和106%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为10%～13%和5.0%～9.5%。该方法构建的无标记适配体电化学传感器具有制备简单、成本低廉、灵敏快捷等优点,有望应用于环境及食品工业中Pb²⁺的现场分析。     

G-四联体荧光探针的研究进展

G-四联体(G-quadruplex)是一类特殊的核酸二级结构,由富含鸟嘌呤的核酸序列经折叠堆积所形成.研究发现,G-四联体在人类基因组(如端粒序列、基因启动子序列等)中广泛存在,并在调控基因的转录与表达、维持基因的稳定性以及端粒合成等重要生命过程中发挥着至关重要的作用.此外,在生物体内,G-四联体的结构、含量及分布的...     

钾离子浓度依赖的铅离子稳定G-四链体构型转化

已有研究普遍认为铅离子(Pb²⁺)诱导富G适体链形成的G-四链体(Pb²⁺-G4)比钾离子(K⁺)诱导富G适体链形成的G-四链体(K⁺-G4)更为稳定,因而Pb²⁺可以置换K⁺-G4中的K⁺,而且K⁺的存在不影响Pb²⁺-G4的稳定性。有趣的是本研究发现K⁺ (20 μmol∙L⁻¹–1 mmol∙L⁻¹)不仅可以诱导10 µmol∙L⁻¹ Pb²⁺稳定的T2TT(Pb²⁺-T2TT,杂合G4结构)发生构型转换,甚至还可取代Pb²⁺-T2TT中的Pb²⁺,形成K⁺稳定的T2TT (K⁺-T2TT,平行G4结构),最终转化形成的K⁺-G4结构与单独K⁺诱导富G适体链形成K⁺-G4的构型基本一致。随后,进一步考察了另外7条富G适体链,发现这一转化过程具有一定的普适性。该研究结果为理解G4构型转化以及内嵌离子交换提供了新的视角,也为拓展G4在生化分析和生物领域的应用提供了新的理论基础。     

铅离子印迹膜电化学传感器的制备及应用

采用离子印迹技术,以铅离子为模板,苯硫酚用于识别位点的形成,使铅离子与苯硫酚通过自组装的办法形成非共价键的相互作用,正十四烷基硫醇用于封闭未彻底组装的金电极的表面,制备了铅离子印迹电化学传感器.采用差分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法(DPASV)考察了支持电解质的种类、浓度、酸度、富集时间和脉冲周期对测定的影响.在优化的实验条件下...     

含双dppz配体的钌(Ⅱ)配合物与G-四联体的相互作用研究

应用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、热变性、圆二色谱等方法在K+溶液中研究了富含鸟嘌呤的G-四联体(AG3(T2AG3)3)与钌髤配合物[Ru(L)(dppz)2](PF6)4(L=5,5′-二(三正丁胺基甲基)-2,2′-联吡啶离子,dppz=二吡啶并[3,2-a∶2′,3′-c]吩嗪)的相互作用。紫外和荧光滴定实验表明,配合物与G-四联体之间存在较强的亲和力,拟合得到的结合常数可达107;从热变性实验可以看出,该配合物能够有效地稳定DNA的四螺旋结构。     

Dual Signal Amplification Electrochemical Biosensor for Lead Cation

Herein, a sensitive electrochemical Pb²⁺ sensor was developed which based on DNA‐functionalized Au nanoparticles(AuNPs) and nanocomposite modified electrode. The DNA‐functionalized AuNPs includes two types of DNA, namely a Pb²⁺‐mediated DNAzyme comprising a biotin labeled‐enzyme DNA and a substrate strand DNA with a typical stem‐loop structure, and a ferrocene‐labeled linear signal DNA. Without Pb²⁺, the hairpin loop impeded biotin binding to avidin on the electrode. However,when the goal Pb²⁺ exists, the substratum strand was divided into two fragments that lead to the enzyme strand was substratumed on the electrode and biotin was admited by avidin, bringing about DNA‐functionalized AuNP(AuNPs) deposition on the electrode surface.The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to measure electrochemical response signals connect to signal DNA.For the amplification characters of the DNA‐functionalized AuNPs and nanocomposite, the electrochemical detection signal of Pb²⁺ was greatly improved and revealed high specificity. Under optimum conditions, the resultant biosensor bringed out a high sensitivity and selectivity for the determination of Pb²⁺. The proposed method was able to detect as low as picomolar Pb²⁺ concentrations.     

Electrochemical Detection of Lead Ion Based on a Peptide Modified Electrode

A novel biosensor harnessing a peptide layer which has specific affinity to lead ion proved to be highly effective for electrochemical analysis of lead ions. The peptide modified electrode was used for the electrochemical analysis of various trace metal ions by square wave voltammetry. Compared to the other ions investigated, the peptide modified electrode was found to be highly selective to Pb²⁺ in the range of 50–700 nM. Furthermore, the biosensor exhibited a high reusability and good spike recovery in the tap water containing various concentration of Pb²⁺.     

Electrochemical Luminescent DNA Sensor Based on Polymerase-assisted Signal Amplification

A novel polymerase-based electrochemical luminescence (ECL) DNA sensor was constructed for messenger RNA (mRNA) detection by cyclic chain displacement polymerization, assisted by target mRNA cycle and quantum dots signal amplification. Firstly, the mercapto-modified capture-type probe DNA (CP) was immobilized on the surface of a magneto-controlled glassy carbon electrode via Au-S bond. After the addition of target mRNA, CP was opened and hybridized with mRNA to form double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Then polymerase, primer chain (DNA1) and bases were added, which made the primer chain extend to replace the target mRNA. After one amplification cycle, the mRNA chain could open another hairpin in order to carry out next cycle of amplification. Finally, the ECL detection was carried out by adding DNA2 labeled thioglycolic acid-CdTe quantum dots. The amplification of the target mRNA by the addition of polymerase and the signal combined with the quantum dots label greatly improved the sensitivity of the sensor. The results showed that corresponding ECL signal had a good linear relationship with logarithm of target mRNA concentration in the range of 1 × 10^?15 to 1 × 10^?11 M, with a detection limit of 3.4 × 10^?16 M (S/N = 3). Under the optimal conditions, the recoveries of mRNA spiked in human serum sample were from 97.2 % to 102.3 %. This sensor exhibited good selectivity, stability and reproducibility.     

基于铜纳米簇的聚集诱导发光检测铅离子

基于谷胱甘肽保护的非贵金属铜纳米簇(Cu NCs@GSH)的聚集诱导发光现象,建立了快速检测铅离子(Pb2+)的“Turn on”型荧光分析方法.Cu NCs@GSH溶液荧光强度很弱,当存在pb2+时,荧光强度可显著增强,溶液显示明亮的橙黄色.基于此原理建立了检测pb2+的荧光方法,线性范围为200～700 μmol/L,检出限为106 μmol/L,常见金属离子不干扰pb2+的测定.本方法简单快速、选择性高,可实现对pb2+的可视化定性检测.     

Determination of Lead(II) by a Nitrocellulose Membrane Fluorescent Biosensor Based on G-Quadruplex Conformational Changes

A simple, label-free fluorescence method was developed for the sensitive determination of lead(II) using a nitrocellulose membrane biosensor. The surface of the nitrocellulose membrane was modified by glutaraldehyde to conjugate streptavidin, followed by the immobilization of a DNA probe via a biotin modifier. The biotinylated DNA probe can fold into a G-quadruplex structure in the presence of potassium ion that selectively binds to N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX and yields a strong fluorescence signal. The presence of lead(II) can induce a conformational change of the G-quadruplex to a more compact structure, which results in the release of potassium ion and N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX with a concomitant reduction of the fluorescence signal. The biosensor displayed a detection limit as low as 10 nM with excellent selectivity for lead(II) over other metal ions. The developed biosensor was employed for the determination of lead(II) in spiked river water.     

基于石墨烯修饰的铜离子印迹电化学传感器研制与应用

以铜离子为模板离子,多巴胺为功能单体,采用电聚合法在石墨烯修饰碳电极表面成功制备对铜离子有高选择性和高灵敏性的印迹电化学传感器。采用差分脉冲伏安法和循环伏安法对该印迹传感器的电化学行为进行详细研究。优化检测条件,该印迹电化学传感器的响应电流与铜离子浓度的负对数在5×10_-6~5×10_-11 mol/L的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检测限为1.0 × 10_-11mol/L。该印迹电化学传感器成功用于实际水样中的微量铜离子分析。     

Electrochemical Aptasensor for Zearalenone Based on DNA Assembly and Exonuclease III as Amplification Strategy

A sensitively electrochemical aptasensor was developed to detect zearalenone, utilizing DNA assembly based on hybridization chain reaction to amplify the signal current and exonuclease III to reduce the background current. The linear range 5.0×10⁻⁵ ng/mL-50 ng/mL, and the limit of detection is 0.013 pg/mL. The fabricated aptasensor showed the high specificity toward aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), good repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, the average recoveries of spiked corn and beer samples were in the range of 89 % to 102 %. The established method is of great significance in the field of food safety detection.     

基于银离子与DNA相互作用的比率型电化学传感器用于银离子的检测

利用银离子(Ag⁺)可与DNA中胞嘧啶碱基(C)相互作用的性质, 构建了一种用于检测Ag⁺的比率型电化学传感器. 以铬金属有机骨架材料(Cr-MIL-101 NH₂)标记的单链DNA作为信号探针(Cr-MOFs-SP), 电解质溶液的二茂铁甲酸作为内部参考探针(Fc-RP), 在Ag⁺存在的情况下, 可以检测到Cr-MOFs的信号. 同时, 二茂铁甲酸的信号几乎保持稳定, 因此, Ag⁺浓度可以通过I_Cr-MOFs-SP/I_{Fc- RP}的比率响应进行监测. 所制备的比率型生物传感器可有效消除外界环境影响和避免电化学背景信号, 提高了检测的重现性、 准确性和灵敏度. 具有三维结构的DNA四面体纳米材料(NTH)可有效消除DNA的非特异性吸附. 同时, 所设计的DNA NTH增强了机械刚度, 可以增加Ag⁺的捕获量和信号物质的负载量, 进一步提高了检测灵敏度. 该比率型生物传感器对Ag⁺的检测具有良好的选择性、 较宽的线性范围(0.1~100 nmol/L)和较低的检出限(33 pmol/L). 将此传感器用于滇池水样中Ag⁺的含量测定, 回收率为96.8%~103.0%, 表明此传感器具有潜在的实际应用前景.