微量元素在饲料中的添加原则及计算方法

阐述了与动物体有关的微量元素和微量元素添加剂的研发进展,在饲料中添加微量元素添加剂的基本原则,并介绍了添加微量元素添加剂的计算方法。     

琴叶榕根中微量元素分析

为了深入探讨琴叶榕根提取液治疗细菌性前列肠炎与其微量元素之间的关系，全面了解琴叶榕根药理机制，采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了琴叶榕根中Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、Cr五种微量元素的含量。测定结果表明，在琴叶榕根中微量元素的含量顺序为Zn＞Mn＞Fe＞Cu＞Cr。琴叶榕根提取液治疗细菌性前列肠炎不仅与其有机成分有关，还与所含微量元素有关。     

家长对婴幼儿微量元素缺乏的认识现状分析及防治对策的探讨

对荔湾区3个月－3岁婴幼儿的家长进行了有关微量元素认识的普查。结果表明，他们有关微量元素的知识十分缺乏，把研究对象依其子女体内微量元素含量水平分为两组，在补充微量元素方面存在着显著性差异。对婴幼儿微量元素的防治提出了几点参考意见。     

中子活化分析在微量元素与肿瘤研究中的应用（摘要）

肿瘤是一种严重威胁人类生命健康的疾病。研究表明，许多微量元素如砷、铬、碘、钼、硒等与肿瘤的发生发展有关。因而研究微量元素在肿瘤发生发展中的作用，对于治疗和预防该类疾病的发生有着极其重要的意义。在微量元素与肿瘤的研究中需要对各种生物材料中的微量元素含量及其赋存状态或化学形态进行分析。然而在人或动物体内大多数微量元素含量极低，化学形态复杂，所以肿瘤与微量元素关系的研究与微量元素的分析技术息息相关。目前用于生物微量元素的分析技术有许多，如原子吸收光谱、原子发射光谱、原子荧光光谱、X一射线荧光光谱和中子…     

青海野生抱茎獐牙菜中矿物质元素含量特征

为了对比分析青海不同地区野生抱茎獐牙菜中微量元素含量,采集花期抱茎獐牙菜全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪分析了其铜、锌、铁、锰、钴、镍等元素含量。结果表明,不同地区野生抱茎獐牙菜中微量元素含量的变化可能与采样时间有关。     

微量元素锗的实验和临床研究

根据国内外近年来有关微量元素锗在生理作用以及与人体健康关系等中所取得的成绩及存在问题，评述了微量元素在医疗保健中应用的意义。     

稿约

<正>《广东微量元素科学》是经国家科委批准,广东省科学技术厅主管,由广东省科技情报研究所、广州地区微量元素与健康研究会和广州市微量元素研究所共同主办的学术刊物。主要报道微量元素科学新的理论与应用研究成果,为广大微量元素科研工作者提供学术交流与讨论的园地、推动微量元素科学在我国的进一步发展,促进科技成果转化为生产力。主要栏目有:综述和学术论文,也开辟有学术论坛与讲座。读者对象为研究和应用微量元素的广大科技人员、学校师生和有关单位的管理人员,也可供一切对微量元素科学感兴趣的人士阅读。     

江西黄毛楤木微量元素的测定及其生理活性初探

用原子吸收光谱法,测定黄毛楤木根皮中微量元素及其有关宏量元素含量。结果黄毛楤木根皮中含有多种人体必需的微量元素和宏量元素,尤其是Zn、Cu、K、Mg、Cr、Co、Ge、M0含量较其它种楤木要高,并根据测定结果对其生理活性进行了讨论分析,认为黄毛楤木多种生理活性与其富含微量元素有关系。     

中医治疗与微量元素浅析

近年来，许多学者研究发现中医虚证与微量元素含量变化有关，中药研究也按这一思路进行了中药与微量元素的研究，但试图以中药补充病理状态下机体微量元素的不足是不可取的，不如通过食物补充。因此，中药治疗虚证之微量元素失调，应采用具富集某种微量元素作用的中药，同时必须在治疗中突出中医特色。     

稿约

《广东微量元素科学》是经国家科委批准,广东省科学技术厅主管,由广东省科技情报研究所、广州地区微量元素与健康研究会和广州市微量元素研究所共同主办的学术刊物。主要报道微量元素科学新的理论与应用研究成果,为广大微量元素科研工作者提供学术交流与讨论的园地、推动微量元素科学在我国的进一步发展,促进科技成果转化为生产力。主要栏目有：综述和学术论文,也开辟有学术论坛与讲座。读者对象为研究和应用微量元素的广大科技人员、学校师生和有关单位的管理人员,也可供一切对微量元素科学感兴趣的人士阅读。本刊为月刊,每月15日出版,16开本,每期正文70页,在国内外公开发行。     

Rapid analysis of amino acids in Japanese green tea by microchip electrophoresis using plastic microchip and fluorescence detection

Microchip electrophoresis for the short-time analysis of amino acids in Japanese green tea was developed. The amino acids in Japanese green tea were derivatized with 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F). The derivatives were filtered and directly analyzed by electrophoresis on a plastic microchip with a 31-mm long separation channel with fluorescence detection. Amino acid analysis of Japanese green tea was improved by removing polyphenols using a polyvinylpolypyrrolidone pretreatment. Elution profiles of NBD-amino acids were examined under different running buffer conditions, and the sodium dodecyl sulphate in the running buffer exhibited a dramatically high-separation efficiency of amino acids by inhibiting their adsorption on the channel walls. Under the optimized conditions (5 mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) containing 0.05 mM sodium dodecylsulfate as running buffer), the main amino acids contained in Japanese green tea were well separated within 2 min, and theanine (1475 mg/100 g tea leaf), Arg (408 mg/100 g tea leaf) and Gln (217 mg/100 g tea leaf) were detected in Japanese green tea.     

Protective Effects of Green Tea Supplementation against Lead-Induced Neurotoxicity in Mice

The use of natural products as therapeutic agents is rapidly growing recently. In the current study, we investigated the protective effects of green tea supplementation on lead-induced toxicity in mice. Forty albino mice were divided into four groups as follows: A: control group; B: green tea receiving group; C: lead-intoxicated group; and D: lead-intoxicated group supplemented with green tea. At the end of the experiment, the animals were tested for neurobehavioral and biochemical alterations. Green tea was analyzed through Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. We found that supplementation with green tea ameliorated the lead-associated increase in body weight and blood glucose. Green tea supplementation also changed the blood picture that was affected due to lead toxicity and ameliorated lead-induced dyslipidemia. The group of mice that were supplemented with green tea has shown positive alterations in locomotory, anxiety, memory, and learning behaviors. The GC/MS analysis revealed many active ingredients among which the two most abundant were caffeine and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester. We concluded that green tea supplementation has several positive effects on the lead-induced neurotoxicity in mice and that these effects may be attributed to its main two active ingredients.     

Classificatin of chinese tea samples according to origin and quality by principal component techniques

Three categories of tea, black, green and oolong tea, with those varieties in each category were analyzed for their contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, polyphenols, caffeine and amino acids. The data were subjected to multivarige analysis. Principal component analysis and principal component classification provide discrimination between the different categories and varieties. The quality index, assigned to these tea standards by experts, could be predicted form the principal component scores.     

Constituents of the green tea seeds of Camellia sinensis

Green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves are known to contain active ingredients such as catechins and caffeine, and are widely useful materials. Recently, green tea flowers also have been in the spotlight. However, little attention has been paid to the tea seeds. In this work, the constituents of green tea seeds and green tea leaves were compared. Caffeine was found in the seeds, whereas catechins (usually obtained from green tea leaves) were not observed. Next, we investigated the constituents of hexane extracts and methanol extracts of green tea seeds. We found that the hexane extracts contained high amounts of oleic glyceride (79.9%) in addition to linoleic glyceride (20%). We confirmed the structures of these glycerides by NMR spectroscopy and by synthesis from a fatty acid and glycerol. The methanol extract was found to contain naringenin glucosides by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopic analysis.     

Study on essential and toxic elements intake from drinking of Chinese tea

Twenty different brands of Chinese tea were analyzed for multiple trace elements, including some essential and toxic elements, by neutron activation analysis (NAA). A comparison among tea brands from China, India, US and other countries was made for the ranges and averages of concentrations for Na, K, Mn, Cu, and Br. It has been observed that the trace element contents in tea leaves are largely dependent upon the soil and the environment where the tea grows. Chinese tea is rich in Mn and Cu comparing with those of other counties surveyed, but is indigent in Na. The transference ratio for each element determined (i.e., the fraction of an element in tea leave transferred into solution when tea is leached by percolation) is also reported. Adult daily intakes of some essential and toxic elements from tea drinking were also estimated.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法及模式识别法用于鉴别普洱生茶与熟茶

采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术及高效液相色谱法对生熟普洱茶中的主要成分进行定性和定量分析。鉴定出普洱茶水溶液中8种主要成分,分别为没食子酸(GA)、没食子酸儿茶素(GC)、表没食子酸儿茶素(EGC)、儿茶素(C)、咖啡因(CAF)、表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子酸儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)和表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)。以这8种成分的含量为指标,对普洱生茶和熟茶各20批进行主成分分析、聚类分析和判别分析,能准确地区分普洱生茶与熟茶。     

基于近红外光谱技术与化学计量学的绿茶无损鉴别方法研究

该文利用近红外光谱技术结合化学计量学方法开发了不同品种绿茶的无损鉴别方法。通过近红外光谱技术得到了8个品种绿茶样品的近红外光谱,比较了单一以及优化组合光谱预处理方法对光谱的影响,利用无监督的主成分分析(PCA)与有监督的线性判别分析方法(LDA)分别构建了茶叶品种鉴别模型。结果表明：对比单一预处理方法,优化组合预处理具有更优的鉴别准确性。标准正态变量变换预处理消除了茶叶样品大小不均造成的光谱散射影响,一阶导数预处理实现了变动背景的消除,减少了基线漂移的影响,突出了图谱中的有效信息,采用二者相结合的预处理方式并结合无监督的主成分分析法可实现较为准确的绿茶样品种类鉴别分析,准确率达75.0%。此外,采用有监督的线性判别分析方法处理原始光谱数据,可达到100%的鉴别准确率,但该方法需提供类别的先验知识。因此,采用近红外光谱技术和化学计量学相结合的手段可实现不同品种绿茶的快速无损鉴别。     

Analysis of tea samples with a multisensor system and capillary electrophoresis

Potential of an “electronic tongue” multisensor system in identification of various tea samples and in quantitative analysis of separate tea components was studied. As a reference method for quantitative analysis of antioxidants of the polyphenolic type served micellar electrokinetic chromatography with a UV detector. The contents of epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, gallic acid, gallocatechin gallate, and caffeine alkaloid in various tea samples were quantitatively estimated.     

基于质子转移反应-飞行时间质谱快速鉴别不同产地闽北水仙茶

采用质子转移反应-飞行时间质谱仪(PTR-TOF-MS), 构建了3个产地(武夷山、建阳、建瓯)113个闽北水仙茶样品香气的化学指纹图谱, 对所得的闽北水仙茶香气指纹图谱进行主成分分析(PCA), 获得了不同产地闽北水仙茶样品的质谱信息特征, 然后采用软独立建模分类法(SIMCA)、K最邻近结点算法(KNN)、偏最小二乘判别分析法(PLS-DA)对闽北水仙茶的质谱信息进行了模式识别.结果表明, PTR-TOF-MS结合分类识别模式能有效区分不同产地的闽北水仙茶.PCA 提取了3个主成分, 累计贡献率为84.66%;3个识别模型的校正集判别正确率分别为89.38%、100.00%和100.00%, 预测集的判别正确率分别为83.18%、 96.46%和95.57%.基于此成功建立了不同产地的闽北水仙茶识别模型.本方法无需样品预处理、分析速度快、灵敏度高、对茶叶无损伤, 为茶叶产地溯源提供了新方法.