Direct Conversion of Syngas into Methyl Acetate,Ethanol, and Ethylene by Relay Catalysis via the Intermediate Dimethyl Ether

Selective conversion of syngas (CO/H₂) into C₂₊ oxygenates is a highly attractive but challenging target. Herein, we report the direct conversion of syngas into methyl acetate (MA) by relay catalysis. MA can be formed at a lower temperature (ca. 473 K) using Cu‐Zn‐Al oxide/H‐ZSM‐5 and zeolite mordenite (H‐MOR) catalysts separated by quartz wool (denoted as Cu‐Zn‐Al/H‐ZSM‐5|H‐MOR) and also at higher temperatures (603–643 K) without significant deactivation using spinel‐structured ZnAl₂O₄|H‐MOR. The selectivity of MA and acetic acid (AA) reaches 87 % at a CO conversion of 11 % at 643 K. Dimethyl ether (DME) is the key intermediate and the carbonylation of DME results in MA with high selectivity. We found that the relay catalysis using ZnAl₂O₄|H‐MOR|ZnAl₂O₄ gives ethanol as the major product, while ethylene is formed with a layer‐by‐layer ZnAl₂O₄|H‐MOR|ZnAl₂O₄|H‐MOR combination. Close proximity between ZnAl₂O₄ and H‐MOR increases ethylene selectivity to 65 %.     

Ketene as a Reaction Intermediate in the Carbonylation of Dimethyl Ether to Methyl Acetate over Mordenite

Unprecedented insight into the carbonylation of dimethyl ether over Mordenite is provided through the identification of ketene (CH₂CO) as a reaction intermediate. The formation of ketene is predicted by detailed DFT calculations and verified experimentally by the observation of doubly deuterated acetic acid (CH₂DCOOD), when D₂O is introduced in the feed during the carbonylation reaction.     

含氮合成气直接制二甲醚的Cu基催化剂研究

研究了CuO-ZnO-Al2O3／HZSM－5系列双功能催化剂催化含N2合成气直接制二甲醚的性能，考察了助剂和催化剂制备方法对反应性能的影响，结果表明，在CuO-ZnO-Al2O3／HZSM－5催化剂中加入ZrO2，有利于提高催化活性；用胶体沉积法制备的CuO-ZnO-Al2O3／HZSM－5双功能催化剂，其CuO晶粒小，分散好、易于还原，同时增强了各组分间的协同作用，表现出良好的催化性能。     

氧化铝的改性及其在合成气直接制二甲醚反应中的应用

 采用浸渍法制备了经硼、磷和硫的含氧酸根阴离子改性的γ-Al2O3, 以其为甲醇脱水活性组分,与铜基甲醇合成活性组分CuO-ZnO-Al2O3组成双功能催化剂,并在连续流动加压固定床反应器上考察了催化剂对合成气直接制二甲醚反应的催化性能. 结果表明, SO2-4改性可以显著提高γ-Al2O3的甲醇脱水活性,从而提高产物中二甲醚的选择性和一氧化碳的转化率. 此外,还详细研究了SO2-4改性条件如SO2-4含量、焙烧温度及前驱物种类的影响. 结果表明,当SO2-4含量为10%, 焙烧温度为550 ℃时,二甲醚的选择性及一氧化碳的转化率最高; SO2-4前驱物的种类对其改性效果的影响很小.     

One‐Step Reforming of CO2 and CH4 into High‐Value Liquid Chemicals and Fuels at Room Temperature by Plasma‐Driven Catalysis

The conversion of CO₂ with CH₄ into liquid fuels and chemicals in a single‐step catalytic process that bypasses the production of syngas remains a challenge. In this study, liquid fuels and chemicals (e.g., acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, and formaldehyde) were synthesized in a one‐step process from CO₂ and CH₄ at room temperature (30 °C) and atmospheric pressure for the first time by using a novel plasma reactor with a water electrode. The total selectivity to oxygenates was approximately 50–60 %, with acetic acid being the major component at 40.2 % selectivity, the highest value reported for acetic acid thus far. Interestingly, the direct plasma synthesis of acetic acid from CH₄ and CO₂ is an ideal reaction with 100 % atom economy, but it is almost impossible by thermal catalysis owing to the significant thermodynamic barrier. The combination of plasma and catalyst in this process shows great potential for manipulating the distribution of liquid chemical products in a given process.     

Accelerated Transfer and Spillover of Carbon Monoxide through Tandem Catalysis for Kinetics-boosted Ethylene Electrosynthesis

Cu-based catalysts have been widely applied in electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂ER) to produce multicarbon (C₂₊) feedstocks (e.g., C₂H₄). However, the high energy barriers for CO₂ activation on the Cu surface is a challenge for a high catalytic efficiency and product selectivity. Herein, we developed an in situ *CO generation and spillover strategy by engineering single Ni atoms on a pyridinic N-enriched carbon support with a sodalite (SOD) topology (Ni-SOD/NC) that acted as a donor to feed adjacent Cu nanoparticles (NPs) with *CO intermediate. As a result, a high C₂H₄ selectivity of 62.5 % and an industrial-level current density of 160 mA cm⁻² at a low potential of −0.72 V were achieved. Our studies revealed that the isolated NiN₃ active sites with adjacent pyridinic N species facilitated the *CO desorption and the massive *CO intermediate released from Ni-SOD/NC then overflowed to Cu NPs surface to enrich the *CO coverage for improving the selectivity of CO₂ER to C₂H₄.     

二氧化碳和天然气经过微波等离子体直接转化成C2烃

二氧化碳和天然气经过微波等离子体直接转化成Ｃ２烃陈栋梁雷正兰刘万楹＊⒇张承聪洪品杰戴树珊（中国科学院成都有机化学研究所，成都，６１００４１）（云南大学化学系，昆明，６５００９１）二氧化碳和甲烷都是很稳定的非极性分子，要使其分子活化，发生化学反应，转化...     

Sulfur‐33 Isotope Tracing of the Hydrodesulfurization Process: Insights into the Reaction Mechanism,Catalyst Characterization and Improvement

The novel approach based on ³³S isotope tracing is proposed for the elucidation of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) mechanisms and characterization of molybdenum sulfide catalysts. The technique involves sulfidation of the catalyst with ³³S‐isotope‐labeled dihydrogen sulfide, followed by monitoring the fate of the ³³S isotope in the course of the hydrodesulfurization reaction by online mass spectrometry and characterization of the catalyst after the reaction by temperature‐programmed oxidation with mass spectrometry (TPO‐MS). The results point to different pathways of thiophene transformation over Co or Ni‐promoted and unpromoted molybdenum sulfide catalysts, provide information on the role of promoter and give a key for the design of new efficient HDS catalysts.     

Temperature Dependence of Changes of Refractive Index in Methyl Acetate,Ethanol and 2-Propanol Mixtures

Abstract

The refractive indices of the mixtures methyl acetate+ethanol+2-propanol, methyl acetate+ethanol and methyl acetate+2-propanol have been determined experimentally as a function of composition at the temperature range 288.15–308.15K and atmosphere. Parameters of polynomial equations which represent the composition and temperature dependence of the corresponding derived magnitude are gathered. The applicability of semiempirical equations is analyzed in order to estimate the ternary changes of refractive indices on mixing at these temperatures by means of only binary derived values.