直接键连原子间的NMR偶合常数的自然杂化轨道研究——Ⅱ.C—C核自旋偶合常数~1J_(~(13)C—~(13)C)

在前文工作的基础上,本文利用CNDO/2分子轨道方法和自然杂化轨道方法,给出了计算一些化合物中碳—碳单键和碳—碳多重键的核自旋偶合常数~1J13的线性关系式。对32种不同碳—碳键偶合常数的计算结果表明,计算值与已知实验值相吻合。本文还对计算结果及影响偶合常数的因素作了相应的讨论。     

核磁共振同核INDOR法

INDOR(Internuclear Double Resonance)是Baker等人首先使用的一种双共振技术,它具有其它双共振法所不具备的优点,尤以寻找隐藏的偶合峰群更是其它手段无法完成的。此外在偶合常数及其相对符号的测     

NMR偶合常数的从头算级别自然杂化轨道研究

为了研究自然杂化轨道计算结果与核自旋偶合常数的相关性,本文进行了从头算级别的自然杂化轨道计算。采用STO－3G基组,利用Lowdin正交化原子轨道基组下的密度矩阵,得到了分子中各原子的杂化轨道、净电荷与^13C-H、^13C-^13C键自旋偶合常数^1Jcn和^1Jcc之间关系式。利用这些式子计算得到的结果与实验数据非常一致。     

用多核磁共振研究双键立体化学

利用在双键上~1H、~(13)C、~(15)N和~(19)F不同核的化学位移、偶合常数、弛豫时间以及NOE,研究等取代双键的立体化学和构型,并扩展到其它化合物,如多环、脂环的立体结构研究。偶合常数 ~3J_(H-H) 质子-质子偶合常数在NMR中,相邻C原子上H的偶合用Karplus公式表示。由偶合常数和取代基间双面夹角的关系可导出~反J>~顺J,但亦应考虑除几何     

铁硫蛋白活性中心铁硫簇的对称性破缺密度泛函 计算

应用密度泛函方法(DFT)计算了铁硫金属蛋白中的铁硫簇[Fe~2S~2(SCH~3)~4]^2^-,[Fe~3S~4(SCH~3)~3]^2^-以及[Fe~4S~4(SCH~3)~4]^2^-的几何参数和磁偶合性质。采用对称性破缺态(BS)来描述Fe－Fe自旋偶合。计算结果表明：采用高自旋态(HS)计算的Fe－Fe间距与实验值有较大偏差,而由BS方法所计算的Fe－Fe间距与晶体结构测定数据相吻合。根据HS态和BS态的能量,计算了体系的海森堡偶合参数J,计算结果也较为接近实验估算值。     

三核自旋偶合体系的磁化率公式

对多核自旋偶合体系的研究是设计分子基铁磁体的基础犤１犦。在多核自旋偶合体系中，磁交换参数Jij值的评估对研究多核间的磁交换机理和研究多核自旋偶合体系的磁－构相关性是至关重要的。多核间的磁交换参数Jij值不能从实验直接得到，理论计算又有很大的困难和不准确性。目前，Jij值主要是通过多核自旋偶合体系的变温磁化率公式拟合实验数据来评估。因此，磁化率公式在磁化学研究中具有重要的理论和实际意义。通常，磁化率公式是通过求解多核自旋偶合体系的自旋交换Hamiltonian算符的本征方程，求出体系的能量本征值，然后用Boltzmann分…     

[2Fe2S]铁硫蛋白活性中心模型[Fe2S2(SR)4]2-(R=-H,-CH3)的局部自旋探讨

为了检验Davidson和Clark的局部自旋原理对铁硫蛋白簇合物的可行性,[Fe2S2(SR)4]2-(R=-H,-CH3)模型被选为研究对象.该目的可通过计算这些体系的局部自旋期望值〈SA.SB〉,〈S2A〉和mA,并讨论它们与Heisenberg自旋模型(HSM)和Noodleman对称破缺理论之间的联系来实现.在具体的计算中采用了自旋非限制Hartree-Fock(UHF)和自旋极化密度泛函(Spin-polarized DFT)方法,同时比较它们的计算质量.此外,采用多种方案计算了它们的交换耦合常数,并同前人的结果作了比较.     

固体化合物YbCl~2和AYbI~3(A=Cs,Rb, K)中^1^7^1Yb NMR谱 及核磁屏蔽性质

首次在室温下测定了^1^7^1Yb在YbCl~2中的化学位移、化学位移各向异性、自旋-晶格弛豫时间、自旋-晶格弛豫时间的各向异性,计算出自旋-自旋弛豫时间。根据TMS(^1H)的绝对屏蔽常数,计算了^1^7^1Yb在YbCl~2和在AYbI~3(A=K,Rb,Cs)中的平均绝对屏蔽常数(σ~i~s~o),逆磁绝对屏蔽常数(σ~i~s~o^d)和顺磁绝对屏蔽常数(-σ~i~s~o^p),并且对^1^7^1Yb的各项屏蔽常数与结构之间的关系进行了讨论。     

核磁共振波谱的自旋去偶技术及其在化学结构研究上的应用

核磁共振波谱在研究化学结构中占有重要的地位。在高分辨的核磁共振波谱中,磁性核之间的自旋-自旋偶合作用往往会使谱线复杂化。一方面,可以利用自旋-自旋偶合作用来确定一些化合物的结构;另一方面,由于谱线的复杂化,使得分析复杂化合物的核磁共振谱发生困难。借助于自旋去偶技术可以解决核磁共振中很多疑难问题,使核磁共振的研究工作更深入一步。因此,它是核磁共振波谱学发展中的一门重要的研究技术。必须区别两种不同的自旋-自旋偶合情况,即同一类核之间的自旋-自旋偶合(例如质子之间的偶合)和不同类核之间的偶合(例如质子同     

“魔蓝”试剂由对位取代苯甲醛区域选择攫氢反应的EPR研究──全氟(1-丙氧基乙基)-对位取代苯甲酰氮氧自由基的合成及其αN,αFβ与取代基参数的相关分析

由全氟(2-丙氧基丙酰)过氧化物[n-C3F7OCF(CF3)COO]2与亚硝酸钠制得新型的“魔蓝”试剂[n-C3F7OCF(CF3)]2N(O)(1)和n-C3F7OCF(CF3)NO2的F113(CCl2FCClF2)溶液,在室温下与一系列对位取代苯甲醛(3)发生攫氢/自旋截捕反应,生成稳定的全氟(1-丙氧基乙基)对位取代苯甲酰基氮氧自由基(4).由自由基4的超精细偶合常数αN和αFβ与取代基的Hammett极性参数和自旋离域参数的相关分析得知,虽然自旋离域因素影响αN值,但取代基的极性是决定αN值的主要因素.     

High-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of hydroxylated uroporphyrin and urochlorin derivatives formed by photochemical oxidation of uroporphyrinogen I

Hydroxylated uroporphyrin I and urochlorin I derivatives formed by photochemical oxidation of uroporphyrinogen I were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and fully characterized by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The porphyrins and chlorins were identified by analysis of their product ion spectra with each hydroxylated derivative giving a characteristic collision-induced dissociation fragmentation pattern. The porphyrins and chlorins characterized were meso-hydroxyuroporphyrin I, alpha-hydroxypropionic acid uroporphyrin I, beta-hydroxypropionic acid uroporphyrin I, hydroxyacetic acid uroporphyrin I, trans-7-hydroxy-8-spirolactoneurochlorin I, cis-7-hydroxy-8-spirolactoneurochlorin I and trans- and cis-7,8-dihydroxyurochlorins I.     

Simultaneous determination of tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: application to a pharmacokinetic study of a standardized fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza, PF2401-SF

A rapid, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone, the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in rat plasma, was developed. After liquid-liquid extraction with tariquidar as an internal standard, tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone were eluted from an Atlantis dC18 column within 5 min with a mixture of methanol and ammonium formate (10 mm, pH 6.5; 85:15, v/v). The analytes were detected by an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The standard curves were linear (r=0.999) over the concentration range of 0.25-80 ng/mL for tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone in rat plasma. The coefficients of variation and the relative errors of tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone for intra- and inter-assay at four quality control (QC) concentrations were 1.1-5.1% and -4.0-6.0%, respectively. The lower limit of quantification for tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone was 0.25 ng/mL from 100 microL of plasma. This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone after oral administration of PF2401-SF, the standardized fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza enriched with tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone to male Sprague-Dawley rats.     

部分水解聚丙烯酰胺在海泡石上的吸附

研究了水解的聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)在海泡石上的吸附及水解度, pH值和离子强度对吸附的影响, HPAM在海泡石上的吸附等温曲线发现属Langmuir型. 吸附能为-17到-20kJ/mol. 吸附量随HPAM水解度和pH的增长而减少, 随盐的浓度增大而增大.     

Synthesis and NHE1 inhibitory activity of ligustrazine derivatives

A series of novel derivatives of ligustrazine linked with substituted benzoyl guanidine were synthesized. These compounds have not been reported in literature, and their chemical structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR and MS. The results of NHE1 inhibitory activity test showed that compounds I2, I3, I4, I6, and I7 possess more potent NHE1 inhibitory activity than cariporide.     

Hydrolysis of steam-pretreated lignocellulose

The mechanism of hydrolysis of cellulose is important for improving the enzymatic conversion in bioprocesses based on lignocellulose. Adsorption and hydrolysis experiments were performed with cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and endoglucanase II (EG II) from Trichoderma reesei on a realistic lignocellulose substrates: steam-pretreated willow. The enzymes were studied both alone and in equimolar mixtures. Adsorption isotherms were determined at 4 and 40 degrees C during 90-min reaction times. Both CBH I and EG II adsorbed stronger at 40 than at 4 degrees C. The time course of adsorption and hydrolysis, 3 min to 48 h, was studied at 40 degrees C. About 90% of the cellulases were adsorbed within 2 h. The hydrolysis rate was high in the beginning but decreased during the time course. Based on adsorption data, the hydrolysis and synergism were analyzed as function of adsorbed enzyme. CBH I showed a linear correlation between hydrolysis and adsorbed enzyme, whereas for EG II the corresponding curve leveled off at both 4 and 40 degrees C. At low conversion, below 1%, EG II produced as much soluble sugars as CBH I. At higher conversion, CBH I was more efficient than EG II. The synergism as function of adsorbed enzyme increased with bound enzyme before reaching a stable value of about 2. The effect of varying the ratio of CBH I:EG II was studied at fixed total enzyme loading and by changing the ratio between the enzymes. Only a small addition (5%) of EG II to a CBH I solution was shown to be sufficient for nearly maximal synergism. The ratio between EG II and CBH I was not critical. The ratio 40% EG II:60% CBH I showed similar conversion to 5% EG II:95% CBH I. Modifications of the conventional endo-exo synergism model are proposed.     

Radiochemical purity of 123I for medical use (author's transl)

123I for use in clinical diagnostic procedures has been produced by bombarding antimony with 40 MeV 3He particles. The purity of 123I was measured with a Ge(Li)spectrometer and a low energy Ge(Li) detector. The 123I-product was followed for 1.5 months with a well-type NaI scintillation counter to establish the half-life and confirm the identity of the nuclides. In order to minimize the yield of 121I the optimum cooling time and chemical procedures are presented. After 20 h cooling, the 121I, 124I and 125I contaminants were about 1.8, 4.3 and 0.04% respectively. These values were in agreement with those calculated from the thick-target yield curves. The calculated absorbed dose to the thyroid by the 123I and by-product nuclides were only 4.3 and 7.3% of 131I. 123I could be measured at the window of 99mTc of a NaI scintillation camera and a curie-meter with an error of 10%.     

n-C_3H_7I和i-C_3H_7I在266nm的光解:烷基自由基分支化对C—I解离动力学的影响(英文)

结合共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)方案,利用离子影像技术研究了n-C3H7I和i-C3H7I分子的光解动力学.分析和比较了它们光解过程中所涉及的能量分配和解离态间的非绝热跃迁信息.它们的I(2P3/2)产物通道的内能所占百分比要大于I*(2P1/2)产物通道的.随着烷烃自由基变得更加的分支化,一方面,原子碎片(I和I*)的能量分布明显变宽,暗示了α-碳原子上的烷基具有更复杂的振转模式;另一方面,在266nm光子的泵浦下,尽管两分子3Q0邝X跃迁的谐振强度表现出很小的差别,但是,产生I*碎片的几率明显降低,从n-C3H7I的0.72降到i-C3H7I的0.46.这可以归因于在光解i-C3H7I过程中弯曲振动模式对产生I和I*的贡献要比n-C3H7I光解过程中弯曲振动模式对I和I*的贡献更明显,使得3Q0与1Q1态之间的非绝热跃迁得到增强.此外,n-C3H7I和i-C3H7I的3Q0邝X跃迁并不完全是平行跃迁,对应的跃迁偶极矩与键轴间的夹角分别约为15°和18°.     

游离125I与血浆蛋白的结合及其对血药浓度测定的影响

通过体内、外实验, 研究了游离125I与血浆蛋白的结合及其在三氯乙酸(TCA)沉淀后的沉淀百分率, 并与125I-RGD-Sak在SD大鼠中不同时间血药浓度的结果进行了比较. 结果表明, 游离125I能与血浆蛋白结合, 并为TCA所沉淀, 且在一定范围内, 游离125I与血浆蛋白结合后的沉淀百分率与温育时间及游离125I的活度无关. 体内、外实验中, 游离125I与血浆蛋白结合后的沉淀百分率分别为(1.26±0.14)%及(1.38±0.33)%. 沉淀物中含有吸附在沉淀物表面的游离125I, 该吸附需要用TCA沉淀2~3次才能去除. 采用125I核素示踪法进行生物类制品的药代动力学研究时, 应对游离125I的影响进行校正.     

Density functional theoretical study on enantiomerization of 2,2'-biphenol

The S-R enantiomerization processes of 2,2'-biphenol (biphenol) have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Five isomers for biphenol were identified: I0, which is the most stable isomer; I1a and I1b, which are formed by a restricted rotation of one OH group; and I2a and I2b, which are formed by a restricted rotation of the two OH groups where a and b denote cis and trans configurations, respectively. Each isomer has R- and S-enantiomers. The energies relative to the most stable isomer I0 are 1.6, 3.3, 5.3, and 5.5 kcal mol(-1) for I1a, I1b, I2a, and I2b, respectively. The direct enantiomerization of I0, in which the phenol-ring rotation is considered to be the reaction coordinate while the OH rotations are frozen, is forbidden because of the repulsion between the two OH groups. The transition states for isomerizations of I0 to other isomers (I1a, I1b, I2a, or I2b) were calculated as well as those for the other direct enantiomerizations except for that of I0. From the viewpoint of the least number of the transition states and their low energy levels, the probable S-R enantiomerization of I0 is expressed as a sequential process of isomerization: I0,S --> I1a,S, a direct enantiomerization induced by one of the two OH rotations, I1a,S --> I1a,R, and another isomerization, I1a,R --> I0,R, that is, I0,S --> I1a,S --> I1a,R --> I0,R as the whole process. This process is effective in quantum control of the enantiomerization of biphenol and can be carried out by a sequence of a pump-dump IR laser-pulse scheme.     

二氧化钛包裹碘单质(I2/TiO2)制备及其光催化降解苯酚

采用水热法,以Ti(SO₄)₂为钛源,KIO₃为掺碘剂制备了具有高可见光活性,高稳定性的二氧化钛包裹碘单质(I₂/TiO₂)光催化剂.利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线晶体粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS)等表征手段对样品进行表征.结果表明,I₂/TiO₂中除含有锐钛矿相二氧化钛外、还含有碘单质和碘酸;I₂/TiO₂粒径大小为45 nm左右;在波长384 nm至700 nm范围内,该催化剂有强烈的吸收.探讨了该催化剂的形成过程和可见光催化机理.以苯酚降解反应为探针,测定了I₂/TiO₂光催化活性.结果显示:在全谱光源照射下I₂/TiO₂活性略高于P25,在可见光范围内其活性是P25的3倍多.确定了降解苯酚的最佳条件:全谱光源照射,投加量为0.5 g/L,苯酚浓度大于10 mg/L,溶液pH为3.2.I₂/TiO₂重复使用4次后,催化活性没有明显下降.