空间光学的发展与波前传感技术

摘要：进入21世纪，国际上一些发达国家和有关部门都已制定了空间发展战略规划，如美国航空航天局（NASA）、欧洲空间局（ESA）和俄罗斯政府相关部门等都提出空间发展战略规划，这些规划提出了今后一段时间内空间科学要解决的问题和发展的方向，而解决这些问题并推进空间技术的发展很大程度上依赖于先进的光学和无线电望远镜及仪器设备。因此，本文介绍本世纪初国际上空间科学应用的大型天文望远镜的发展情况，重点描述了大口径光学望远镜的光学系统以及实现这类天文望远镜的关键技术之一一波前传感技术。     

Theoretical Analyzing of Optical Parametric Oscillation with Intracavity Sum Frequency Generation

A new scheme of optical parametric oscillator with intracavity sum frequency generation is proposed,and the operation characters such as threshold,conversion efficiency,etc.,are theoretically studied. The factor affecting conversion efficiency is discussed.     

Theoretical Analyzing of Optical Parametric Oscillation with Intracavity Sum Frequency Generation

1IntroduCionThe0Pticalparametricoscillator(OPO)provideSameansofgeneratingawideytUnablecohrentlight.Inordert0extendthetunablewavelengthtowardshorterrange,thetwootePprocessmustbeemPhad.Thereareseveralmethodsbeingused.Oneisthe0Pticalparametricoscillationfolowdbythesumfrempygeneration(0POSFG)ofthesignal(cos)andreSdualp~(eq),thefrequencydesiredcod=cos eq'AnalternativeistheOPOfolDWdbysecondhaImnicgeneration(OPChSHG),wherethesecondharmOnicgenerati0doubesthesignal0ftheOPO,cod=2co,'Anothe…     

Instability Parameters of Optical Oscillation Frequency in Plasma Central Discharge and Periphery Region

We have observed relaxation oscillations in a capacitive discharge in Ar gas, connected to a peripheral ground chamber. The plasma oscillations observed from time-varying optical emission from the main discharge chamber show, for example, a high frequency （75.37kHz） relaxation oscillation, at lOOmTorr and 8 W absorbed power, and a low frequency （2.72Hz） relaxation oscillation, lOO mTorr and 325 W absorbed power. Time-varying optical emission intensity and plasma density are also detected with a Langmuir probe. The theoretical result agrees well with experiments.     

Relation of Oscillation Frequency to the Equation of State of Relativistic Stars

We study the dependence of quasi-normal modes of neutron stars on their equation of state （EOS）. We construct neutron star configurations of different EOSs while having the same mass M and radius R, and investigate how their l = 2 fundamental mode frequencies would be different. We find that both the real and imaginary parts of the l = 2 frequencies are related to the r^-1 moment of the configurations.     

Statefinder Diagnostic for Phantom Model with V（φ） = Voexp（-λφ^2）

We investigate the phantom field with potential V（φ） = Voexp（-λφ^2） and dark matter in the spatially flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker model It has been shown by numerical calculation that there is a attractor solution in this model We also apply tile statefinder diagnostic to this phantom model. It is shown that tile evolving trajectories of this scenario in tile s - r diagram is quite different from other dark energy models.     

倾斜度及温度震荡频率对三维多孔介质方腔自然对流换热的影响

对三维多孔介质倾斜方腔内非稳态自然对流换热进行数值研究.腔体右壁面(X=1)保持恒温T₀,左壁面(X=0)基于温度T₀按正弦规律变化,其他所有壁面保持绝热.采用Brinkman扩展达西模型及SIMPLE算法模拟方腔内的流动.方腔沿y轴转动倾角α1的变化范围为0°~90°,沿x轴转动倾角α2的变化范围为0°~45°,无量纲温度震荡频率f的变化范围为5π~90π.详细研究倾角和温度震荡频率对三维方腔自然对流换热的影响.计算结果表明:当倾角α1=46°,α2=45°及温度震荡频率f=45π时,方腔内的换热最强.     

Optimal Frequency and Amplitude of Vertical Viewpoint Oscillation for Improving Vection Strength and Reducing Neural Constrains on Gait

Inducing self-motion illusions referred as vection are critical for improving the sensation of walking in virtual environments (VE). Adding viewpoint oscillations to a constant forward velocity in VE is effective for improving vection strength under static conditions. However, the effects of oscillation frequency and amplitude on vection strength under treadmill walking conditions are still unclear. Besides, due to the visuomotor entrainment mechanism, these visual oscillations would affect gait patterns and be detrimental for achieving natural walking if not properly designed. This study was aimed at determining the optimal frequency and amplitude of vertical viewpoint oscillations for improving vection strength and reducing gait constraints. Seven subjects walked on a treadmill while watching a visual scene. The visual scene presented a constant forward velocity equal to the treadmill velocity with different vertical viewpoint oscillations added. Five oscillation patterns with different combinations of frequency and amplitude were tested. Subjects gave verbal ratings of vection strength. The mediolateral (M-L) center of pressure (CoP) complexity was calculated to indicate gait constraints. After the experiment, subjects were asked to give the best and the worst oscillation pattern based on their walking experience. The oscillation frequency and amplitude had strong positive correlations with vection strength. The M-L CoP complexity was reduced under oscillations with low frequency. The medium oscillation amplitude had greater M-L CoP complexity than the small and large amplitude. Besides, subjects preferred those oscillation patterns with large gait complexity. We suggested that the oscillation amplitude with largest M-L CoP complexity should first be chosen to reduce gait constraints. Then, increasing the oscillation frequency to improve vection strength until individual preference or the boundary of motion sickness. These findings provide important guidelines to promote the sensation of natural walking in VE.     

3种中草药的振荡指纹图谱

采用H2SO4-BrO3-Mn2+-丙酮为振荡器,其一,通过添加不同浓度的中草药泽兰为底物,探讨振荡体系中底物、H2SO4、KBrO3以及Mn2+浓度对振荡体系的周期、振幅及寿命的影响,明晰了各种物质在振荡反应中扮演的角色;其二,保持H2SO4、KBrO3以及Mn2+浓度不变,通过改变泽泻及鱼腥草的浓度,得到这两种草药的特征振荡图谱和其体系底物的振荡浓度范围,而且对其特征参数(周期振幅以及振荡寿命)进行研究.通过这些振荡指纹图谱可用于辨识中草药.     

Properties of L=1 B(1) and B(2)* mesons

This Letter presents the first strong evidence for the resolution of the excited B mesons B(1) and B(2)* as two separate states in fully reconstructed decays to B(+)(*)pi(-). The mass of B(1) is measured to be 5720.6+/-2.4+/-1.4 MeV/c(2) and the mass difference DeltaM between B(2)* and B(1) is 26.2+/-3.1+/-0.9 MeV/c;{2}, giving the mass of the B(2)* as 5746.8+/-2.4+/-1.7 MeV/c(2). The production rate for B(1) and B(2)* mesons is determined to be a fraction (13.9+/-1.9+/-3.2)% of the production rate of the B+ meson.     

The quantitative monitoring of mechanochemical reaction between solid l-tartaric acid and sodium carbonate monohydrate by terahertz spectroscopy

The solid-state reaction of chiral tartaric acid and alkali carbonate was studied by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The sodium tartrate dihydrate was synthesized with high efficiency by mechanical grinding in the solid-state without waste that is particularly sustainable and environmentally benign. Distinct THz absorptions were observed for reactants and products. It indicates that THz spectroscopy is sensitive to different materials and crystal structures. The characteristic THz absorption peak at 1.09 THz of l (+)-Tartaric acid was selected for quantitative analysis. The reaction kinetics could be expressed by the Second-order equation and the Jander equation, which is consistent with a three-dimensional diffusion mechanism. The combination of multi-techniques including synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction (SRXRPD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the grinding process and presented supporting evidences. The results demonstrate that THz spectroscopy technique has great potential applications in process monitoring and analysis in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis industry.