Synthesis of 6-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran and 6,7-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzothiopyran,sulfur analogues of precocene I and precocene II

Preparation of title compounds 5 , sulfur analogues of the natural insect antijuvenile hormones precocene I and II, is described. The synthetic pathway involves conversion of the appropriate thiophenol 2 into the corresponding thiochroman-4-one 4 followed by reduction and dehydration. The ¹³C nmr data for all the above products are also reported.     

Photochemical studies on 3,4-epoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans

Photochemical behaviour of 3,4-epoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans, intermediates in the synthesis of pterocarpans, has been studied in various solvents. While ring contraction leading to 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans through a photodecarbonylation process was observed in cyclohexane, photoisomerisation leading to 3-chromanones was observed in acetone. This study has also been extended to antijuvenile hormone precocene(I) oxide.     

Improved procedure for the preparation of 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-3-ones

Treatment of 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans 5 with a m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid-trifluoroacetic acid mixture and subsequent short path bulb to bulb vacuum distillation of the crude 3,4-hydroxyesters 6 formed afforded title compounds in good yields. Suppression of trifluoroacetic acid was required when using 2,2-di-methyl-2H-1-benzopyrans with electron donating substituents such as precocenes, as starting compounds.     

Novel boron heterocycles. II. 2,3-dihydro-1,3,5,2-oxadiazaboroles, 1,2-dihydro-1,3,2-benzodiazaborine 3-oxide,and 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4,3-benzothiadiazaborine 1,1-dioxide

A number of arylamidoximes, an o-aminobenzaloxime, and an o-aminobenzenesulfonamide have been reacted with boronic acids to give three novel boron containing heterocycles. Evidence, based on mass spectroscopy, that the product from o-aminobenzaloxime is a 1,2-dihydro-l,3,2-benzodiazaborine 3-oxide, is presented.     

Synthesis of chalcogeno lactones. II. 3, 4-dihydro-1 H-2-benzothiin-3-one, 3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzoselenin-3-one and 3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzotellurin-3-one

The synthesis of 3, 4-dihydro-1H-benzothiin-3-one and its selenium and tellurium analogs is reported from o-bromomethylphenylacetyl chloride and sodium hydrogen chalcogenates, via phase-transfer catalysis.     

Synthesis of 3-benzoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H- and 3,4-dihydro-2,2-disubstituted-benzopyrans via alkynyl grignard reagents

The versatility of the new route to a substituted chromane via a lithiated allene recently described by us [1] is reported. The relatively more stable alkynols 2–4 were readily identified and thus provide evidence for the formation of vinyl acetylene carbinol as an intermediate in the new route. Accordingly, phenylacetylene magnesium bromide [2] reacted with suitable aldehyde or ketone to give the alkynols 2–4 which condensed further with the same or different aldehyde or ketone to give 3-benzoyl heteroring-substituted chromanes 5–17.     

On the synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxides

The 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxides were prepared by reduction of the corresponding 1,2-benzothiazin-2-ones with diborane. The latter were obtained by the action of primary amines on 4,5-dimethoxy-2-carbomethoxymethylbenzenesulfonyl chloride followed by basic hydrolysis and cyclization of the formed 4,5-dimethoxy-2-carbomethoxymethylbenezenesulfonamides.     

Fragmentation of enamides derived from 6,7-dimethoxy-4-methyl-2H-1,3-benzothiazin and 3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1-methylixopuinoline

The electron impact mass spectra of several enamides have been examined. The enamides were prepared by reaction of aroyl halides with 6,7-dimethoxy-4-methyl-1,3-benzothiazin, and with 3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-l-methylisoquinoline. The fragmentation pathways that have been proposed are supported by ion composition determinations and by mass-analysed ion kinetic energy spectrometry experiments carried out on the molecular ions and major fragment ions. The spectra are characterized by a loss of carbon monoxide from the molecular ion of each compound, a process which is accompanied by migration of the aryl group.     

Bentonitic earth catalyzed rearrangement of aryl 1,1-dimethylpropargyl ethers. Synthesis of 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans

Mexican Bentonitic earth (Tonsil) catalyzed the Claisen rearrangement of aryl 1,1-dimethylpropargyl ethers under mild conditions to provide 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyrans. The synthesis of encecalin 2f and desmethoxyencecalin 2i , two biologically active products among other natural products ( 2b, 2e ) was performed by this procedure.     

Mass spectra of heterocyclic compounds VI. 3,4-dihydro-1H-2,3-benzothiazine 2,2-dioxides

The mass fragmentation behaviour of 3,4-dihydro-1H-2,3-benzothiazine 2,2-dioxides was studied. The rationalizations suggested are supported by accurate mass measurements, metastable evidence and deuterium labelling.     

Reactions of 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2,2-dioxide in Various pH Solutions

Diazepam ( 1 ) is a frequently prescribed hypnotic/anxiolytic drug worldwide. 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-l-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2,2-dioxide ( 2 ) is an initial alkaline hydrolysis product of 1. The mechanisms in the conversion of 2 to 2-methylamino-5-chloro-α-(phenylbenzylidene)glycinate ( 3 ), 2-methylamino-5-chlorobenzophenone ( 4 ), and 1 in aqueous solutions with pH ranging from 0 to 12.2 is the subject of this report. Results of temperature-dependent hydrolysis kinetics and product identification indicated that: (1) in solutions with pH between 7 and 12.2, 2 underwent a ring-opening reaction to form 3; the rate decreased with increasing pH. (2) In solutions with pH between 2 and 7, 2 was rapidly converted to 3, followed by a pH-dependent conversion to 4 ; the rate increased with decreasing pH and became less sentitive to pH at pH ≤ 4.5. (3) In solutions with pH between 0 and 2, 2 was rapidly converted to 4 and 1; the percentage of 1 increased with decreasing pH. (4) A 2 containing one oxygen-18 atom lost 50% of its oxygen-18 following conversion to 1 in 1 M HCl. In addition to understanding the mechanism in the transformations of 2 in various pH solutions, this study established a simple and efficient method in the quantitative conversion of 1 to 4 and in the preparation of an oxygen-18-containing 1 at C2 position.     

Conformational flexibility of 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline and its monoheterocyclic analogs

Conformational behavior of the first cyclic organosilicon vinylsulfide, 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline as well as its monoheterocyclic analogs, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran, and 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline is studied in comparison with the carbocyclic analog, cyclohexene, using the methods of low-temperature NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT and MP2 levels of theory. The barrier to the ring inversion with respect to that in cycloxene is increased in 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran and 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline, but, in contrast to the suggestions made in the literature, is decreased in 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran. In 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiasiline the barrier is intermediate between those in the corresponding monoheterocycles, 1,1-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrosiline and 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran. The observed variations are rationalized from the viewpoint of the interaction of the π-electrons of the C=C double bond with the orbitals of heteroatoms in the ring. The structure of the transition state for the ring inversion is discussed.